[ÇÕÀÇ¾È µµÃâ]
Áöħ¿¡¼ Á¦±âµÈ ¸ðµç ÀÓ»ó ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ´äÀÌ Àß ¼öÇàµÈ ÀÓ»ó½ÃÇè¿¡¼ ³ª¿Â °´°üÀûÀÎ ±Ù°Å¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¾ò¾îÁö´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. dzºÎÇÑ °æÇè°ú Àü¹®Áö½ÄÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ÀÓ»ó Àü¹®°¡°¡ ¿©·¯¸íÀÌ ÀÇ°ßÀ» ¸ð¾Æ ¹æħÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ °úÁ¤Àº »õ·Î¿î °úÇÐ Áö½ÄÀ» »ý»êÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸ °øµ¿ÀÇ ÇÕÀÇÁ¡À» ã¾Æ Á¦½ÃÇϰųª peer practice¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÇ°ßÀÇ Á¤µµ¸¦ Á¦°øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÕÀÇ¾È µµÃâ¹ýÀº ºñ°ø½ÄÀû ¹æ¹ý°ú °ø½ÄÀû ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
[±Ù°ÅÁ᫐ Áø·áÁöħ °³¹ß°úÁ¤¿¡¼ ÇÕÀÇ°úÁ¤ÀÇ Çʿ伺]
1. ±Ù°Å°¡ ÀüÇô ¾øÀ» °æ¿ì
2. °ü½ÉºÐ¾ß¿Í Á¤È®È÷ ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ±Ù°Å¸¦ °®°í ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì
3. ±Ù°Å¿¡ ±â¹ÝÇÏ¿© ÀÛ¼ºµÈ ±Ç°íÇ׸ñ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀÌ°ß/³íÀïÀÌ ÃÊ·¡µÉ ¼ö ÀÕ´Â °æ¿ì
±×·¯³ª ÇÕÀÇ°¡ °·ÂÇÑ ±Ù°Å¸¦ ´ë½ÅÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ½
[ºñ°ø½ÄÀû ÇÕÀǹæ¹ý°ú °ø½ÄÀû ÇÕÀǹæ¹ý]
1. ºñ°ø½ÄÀû ÇÕÀǹæ¹ý (informal consensus methods)
- ¿µÇâ·ÂÀÌ Å« ¼Ò¼ö°¡ ÁÖµµÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ °³ÀÎÀû °ßÇØ¿¡ Ä¡¿ìÄ¥ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½
- ´Ù¾çÇÑ Àǰߺ¸´Ù´Â ¸¸ÀåÀÏÄ¡°¡ °¿äµÊ. ¼Ò¼ö ÀÇ°ßÀÌ ¹«½ÃµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½
2. °ø½ÄÀû ÇÕÀǹæ¹ý (formal consensus methods)
- °úÁ¤°ú °á°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸í¹éÇÑ ±¸Á¶¸¦ °¡Áü
- »õ·Î¿î °úÇÐÁö½ÄÀ» âÁ¶ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ô.
- Àü¹®°¡µéÀÇ Áö½ÄÀ» ¼öÁýÇÏ¿© À¯¿ë¼ºÀÌ Å« Á¤º¸¸¦ ¸¸µé ¼ö ÀÖÀ½
[°ø½ÄÀû ÇÕÀÇ µµÃâ¹æ¹ý - µ¨ÆÄÀ̹ý, ¸í¸ñÁý´Ü¹ý, ÇÕÀǵµÃâȸÀÇ]
[°ø½ÄÀû ÇÕÀǹýÀÇ Æ¯¼º]
1. ÃæºÐÇÑ ¼ýÀÚ (safety in number) - Áý´ÜÀÇ °áÁ¤ÀÌ °³ÀÎÀÇ °áÁ¤º¸´Ù À߸øµÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ Àû´Ù.
2. ±ÇÇÑ (authority) - Áý´ÜÀÇ °áÁ¤ÀÌ °³ÀÎÀÇ °áÁ¤º¸´Ù ÀÎÁ¤À» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.
3. ÇÕ¸®¼º (rationality)
4. ÅëÁ¦µÈ °úÁ¤ (controlled process)
5. °úÇÐÀû ½Å·Ú¼º (scientific credibility)
ºÐ¾ß | µ¨ÆÄÀ̹ý | ¸í¸ñÁý´Ü¹ý (nominal group technique, NGT) | ÇÕÀǵµÃâȸÀÇ |
Âü¿©ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Ãʱâ Á¤º¸ Á¦°ø | written | written | Àü¹®°¡ presentation |
°³ÀΰáÁ¤ | O | O | X |
Áý´Ü¼±ÅÃÀÇ Çǵå¹é | X | O | O |
´ë¸éÁ¢ÃË | O | O | X |
±¸Á¶ÈµÈ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë °áÇÕ¹æ¹ý | ¸í½ÃÀû(Åë°èÀû) | ¸í½ÃÀû | ºÐ¸íÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½ (ÇÔÃàÀû, ÁúÀûÀ̰ųª °£´ÜÇÑ ´Ù¼ö µæÇ¥) |
# ¹Ì±¹ National Guideline Clearinghouse¿¡¼´Â ¸®ºäÇÑ Áõ°ÅÀÇ »ó´ëÀûÀÎ Á߿伺À» Æò°¡ÇÏ´Â º¸´Ù ¸¹Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
1. Expert Consensus
2. Expert Consensus (Committee)
3. Expert Consensus (Delphi Method)
4. Subjective Review
5. Weighting According to a Rating Scheme (Scheme Given)
6. Weighting According to a Rating Scheme (Scheme Not Given)
[µ¨ÆÄÀ̹ý (ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ expert consensus ¹æ¹ý)]
[µ¨ÆÄÀÌ ±â¹ýÀÇ Àû¿ë ºÐ¾ß]
1. °ø½ÄÀû ÇÕÀÇ ±Ç°í(¾È)ÀÇ °³¹ß
2. ±Ç°í(¾È) °³Á¤¾È¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¿ÀÇ ¿©ºÎ ¹× Ãß°¡ Ç׸ñÀÇ °³¹ß
3. ±Ç°í(ÃʾÈ)ÀÇ ÀÓ»óÇöÀå¿¡¼ÀÇ ½ÇÇà°¡´É¼º (ȤÀº È°¿ëµµ) Ãø¸é¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æò°¡
4. ÃëÇÕµÈ ÀÇ°ß È¤Àº Á¦¾ÈµÈ Ç׸ñµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¿ÀÇ ¿©ºÎ ¹× Á¤µµÀÇ ºÐ¼®
5. ÃëÇÕµÈ ÀÇ°ß È¤Àº Á¦¾ÈµÈ Ç׸ñµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì¼±¼øÀ§ °áÁ¤
ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀº óÀ½¿¡ ¿©·¯ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÇÑ ÀÚ¸®¿¡ ¸ð¿© Åä·ÐÇÏ´Â µ¥¼ ¿À´Â ºñÈ¿À²¼ºÀ» ÁÙÀÌ°í, ¿µÇâ·Â ÀÖ´Â ¼Ò¼ö¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÀÇ»ç °áÁ¤ÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö´Â °ÍÀ» ¹æÁöÇϸç, µ¿·áµéÀÇ ÀÇ°ß¿¡ ¹Ý´ëÇϱ⠾î·Á¿î Æó´ÜÀ» ±Øº¹Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© °í¾ÈµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÇÕÀÇ ´Ü°è Á¦1´Ü°è¿¡¼´Â ¿¹ÃøÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ÁÖÁ¦¸¦ ±¸Ã¼ÈÇÏ¿© Áú¹®Áö¸¦ ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ°í ÀÌ¿¡ °ü·Ã µÈ Àü¹®°¡µéÀ» ¼±Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. Á¦2´Ü°è¿¡¼´Â 1Â÷ ÀÀ´ä ³»¿ëÀ» Á¤¸®ÇÏ¿© ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ÀÀ´äÀڵ鿡°Ô ¾Ë·Á ÁÖ´Â ÈÄ¼Ó Áú¹®Áö¸¦ °³¹ßÇÏ¿© ±×µéÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀ» ´Ù½Ã Á¶»çÇÑ´Ù. Á¦3´Ü°è¿¡¼´Â °¢Á¾ Åë°è ±â¹ýµéÀ» È°¿ëÇÏ¿© ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ Á¶»ç °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ¾ò¾îÁø ³»¿ëµéÀ» ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¤¸®ÇÏ°í, °á°ú¸¦ Çؼ®ÇÑ´Ù.
º¸Åë 25-30¸íÀÌ Âü¿©ÇÏ¿© 2-3 round¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù. Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î 70%ÀÇ ÇÕÀǵµ ½±Áö ¾Ê´Ù.
[µ¨ÆÄÀÌ ±â¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ÇÕÀÇ¾È µµÃâ °úÁ¤]
1. °³¹ßÀ§¿øȸ ±¸¼º
2. ¼³¹®°³¹ß
3. Àü¹®°¡ Æгμ±ÅÃ
4. µ¨ÆÄÀÌ ¶ó¿îµå
5. »õ·Î¿î ¼³¹®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» Æ÷°ýÇÔ
6. 3 ¶ó¿îµå ÈÄ µ¿ÀÇ È¤Àº ºñµ¿ÀÇ Á¤µµ¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÔ
7. ±ÇÀå»çÇ׿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÆгÎÀÇ µ¿ÀǸ¦ ¾òÀ½
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13683500903440689
[µ¨ÆÄÀÌ ±â¹ýÀÇ Àå´ÜÁ¡]
1. ÀåÁ¡
(1) ÀÀ´äÀÚµéÀÇ ÀÍ¸í¼ºÀÌ À¯ÁöµÇ¹Ç·Î ¿ÜºÎ ¿µÇâÀ¸·Î °á·ÐÀÌ ¿Ö°îµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¹æÁöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
(2) ÅëÁ¦µÈ ȯ·ù°úÁ¤À» ¹Ýº¹ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÁÖÁ¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ü½ÉÀ» ³ôÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
(3) ÀÀ´äÀÇ °á°ú°¡ Åë°èÀûÀ¸·Î 󸮵ÊÀ¸·Î½á ºñ±³Àû °´°üÀû °á·ÐÀ» µµÃâÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
2. ´ÜÁ¡
(1) µ¿¿øµÈ Àü¹®°¡µéÀÇ ÀÚÁú°ú ¿ª·® ¹®Á¦
(2) µ¨ÆÄÀÌ °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ÀÀ´äÀÌ ºÒ¼º½ÇÇϰųª Á¶ÀÛµÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖÀ½
(3) ¼³¹®¿©ÇÏ¿¡ µû¶ó ÀÀ´äÀÌ Å©°Ô ´Þ¶óÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ºñÆÇÀÌ Á¦±âµÊ
(4) ¿¹ÃøµÈ »ç°Çµé »çÀÌÀÇ ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ °ü°è°¡ ¹«½ÃµÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖÀ½
(5) ¿¹ÃøÀÌ »óÈ£º¸°ÀûÀ̰ųª »óÈ£¹èŸÀûÀÎ Ç׸ñÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖÀ½. °´°üÀû ¿¹Ãø±â¹ýÀ¸·Î µ¨ÆÄÀÌ ±â¹ýÀ» º¸¿ÏÅ°À§ÇØ »óÈ£¿µÇâºÐ¼®(cross-important analysis)ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÊ
[µ¨ÆÄÀÌ ±â¹ý¿¡¼ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â 9-point Likert scale and Don't know]
1: strongly disagree with statement
4-6: neither agree nor disagree with statement
9: strongly agree with statement
Don't know: not had experience of this area to comment
[µ¨ÆÄÀÌ ±â¹ý¿¡¼ ÇÕÀÇ (consensus)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤ÀÇ - outliers »èÁ¦ ÈÄ ³²Àº Àǰߵ鸸À» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ¿ä¾à, ºÐ¼®ÇÑ´Ù]
'Agreement' with a statement: remaining responses (standard 75%) must lie within the 3-point range 6-8 or 7-9
'Disagreement' with a statement: remaining responses (standard 75%) must lie within the 3-point range 1-3 or 2-4
'Ambivalence' with a statement: remaining responses (standard 75%) must lie within the 3-point range 3-5, 4-6 or 5-7
'No consensus' with a statement: remaining responses (standard 75%) are distributed with at least 12.5% in boxes 1-3 and at least 12.5% in boxes 7-9
[±Ç°í¹®¾ÈÀÇ ¼öÁ¤]
1. ¶ó¿îµå ¹Ýº¹½Ã 'ÇÕÀÇ'µÈ ±Ç°í¹®¾ÈÀº »©°í ÇÕÀÇ ¾È µÈ ¹®¾Èµé¸¸ °¡Áö°í ´ÙÀ½ ¶ó¿îµå¸¦ ÁøÇàÇÒ °æ¿ì ¶ó¿îµå Ƚ¼ö°¡ ´ÜÃàµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, Âü°¡ÀÚµéÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀ» Ç¥½ÃÇϱ⠽±´Ù.
2. 'near' °ÅÀÇ ÇÕÀÇ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÑ ±Ç°í¹®¾ÈÀº ±×·ìÀÇ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÃëÇÕÇÏ¿© ¼ö·®ÈÇÑ Çǵå¹é°ú ÇÔ²² ´ÙÀ½ ¶ó¿îµå¿¡ ±×´ë·Î Á¦½ÃÇÑ´Ù. Æгθ®½ºÆ®µéÀÌ Çѹø ´õ »ý°¢ÇÑ ÈÄ ±×µéÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀ» ¼öÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.
3. Æгθ®½ºÆ®µéÀÇ Á¶¾ðÀÌ °¨¾ÈµÈ ±Ç°í¹®¾È¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ÇÕÀǸ¦ ÀÌ·çÁö ¸øÇßÀ» °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ´Ù½Ã Çѹø Á¶¾ðÀ» ¸é¹ÐÈ÷ °ËÅäÇÑ´Ù. ¹®ÀåÀÌ ¸ðÈ£Çؼ ´Ù½Ã ´Ùµë¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù µîÀÇ Á¶¾ðÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì À̸¦ ¹Ý¿µÇÏ¿© ±Ç°í ¹®¾ÈÀ» ¼öÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
4. Æгθ®½ºÆ®µéÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀÌ Á¤¸» ³Ê¹« ´Þ¶ó¼ 'ÇÕÀÇ'°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁöÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì¶ó¸é ÇÕÀǸ¦ À̲ø¾î ³»±â°¡ ¾î·Æ´Ù. (1) ±Ç°í¹®¾È ÀÚü¸¦ »èÁ¦ÇÑ ÈÄ ´ÙÀ½ ¶ó¿îµå·Î ³Ñ¾î°¡°Å³ª (2) µ¨ÆÄÀÌ °úÁ¤À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ÇÕÀÇÇÏÁö ¸øÇßÁö¸¸ °³¿ø°¡¿¡¼ ÁÖ·Î ¼±È£ÇÏ´Â ±Ç°í»çÇ×ÀÏ °¡´É¼ºÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ°í Áø·áÁöħ ±Ç°í¾È °³¹ßÀÇ Áß¿ä Á¤º¸ÀÏ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡, Áø·áÁöħ ÀÛ¼º½Ã ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ð±Þ°ú ÇÔ²² ÇâÈÄ ¿¬±¸ °úÁ¦·Î Á¦¾ðÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
[¸í¸ñÁý´Ü¹ý (nominal group technique, NGT)]
[¸í¸ñÁý´Ü¹ýÀÇ Àû¿ë ºÐ¾ß]
1. ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾îÀÇ Ã¢Ãâ ¹× Á¦¾ÈµÈ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾îÀÇ Áß¿äµµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÇ¥
2. ±Ù°Å°¡ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì Àü¹®°¡ ÀÇ°ßÀ» ¹Ý¿µÇÑ ±Ç°í¹®¾ÈÀÇ °³¹ß
3. ±Ù°Å¼öÁØ ¹× ±Ç°í¼öÁØ µî±ÞÈ ±âÁØÀÇ Ã¤ÅÃ
4. ÃëÇÕµÈ ÀÇ°ß È¤Àº Á¦¾ÈµÈ Ç׸ñµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀûÇÕ¼º ȤÀº Çʿ伺 ¿©ºÎ ¹× Á¤µµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÇ¥
[¸í¸ñÁý´Ü¹ýÀÇ ÀåÁ¡]
1. ÁøÇà°úÁ¤ÀÌ °£´ÜÇÏ°í °¢ ´Ü°è¸¶´Ù ÁÁÀº °æÇèÀ» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
2. ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î âÃâ°ú ±×·ìÀÇ °ø°¨´ë Çü¼ºÀ» À§ÇÑ È¿À²ÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù.
3. Àü¹Ý´Ü°è - »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ±ÝÇÏ¿© °¢ÀÚÀÇ »ý°¢ÀÌ ÃæºÐÈ÷ Ç¥ÇöµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
4. ÈĹݴܰè - ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Âü¿©ÇÏ¿© ÀÇ°ßÀ» ³ª´©°í Æò°¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
[¸í¸ñÁý´Ü¹ýÀÇ ´ÜÁ¡]
1. Àü¹Ý´Ü°è(¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î Á¦Ãâ ´Ü°è)¿¡¼ Åä·ÐÀ» ±ÝÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ »õ·Î¿î ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î ¼ö¸³ÀÌ Á¦ÇѵÊ
2. ÅõÇ¥¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¿©·¯ ¹æ¹ýÀÇ ÀåÁ¡À» Á¶ÇÕÇÑ ´ë¾ÈÀ» ¸¸µé±â ¾î·Æ´Ù.
[¸í¸ñÁý´Ü¹ý ¼öÇàÀýÂ÷]
1. °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î âÃâ (individual generation of ideas)
2. µ¹¾Æ°¡¸ç ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î Á¦¾È (round-robin reporting of ideas)
3. Á¦¾ÈµÈ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾îµéÀ» ÅëÇÕ Á¶Á¤ (group clarification of ideas)
4. Á¶Á¤µÈ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾îµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÇ¥ (individual voting on ideas)
5. ÅõÇ¥°á°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅäÀÇ (discussion on results)
[More readings]
1. The Delphi process (PDF) (link2)
2. µ¨ÆÄÀÌ ±â¹ýÀÇ ÀÌÇØ¿Í Àû¿ë»ç·Ê (link2)
3. µ¨ÆÄÀÌ ±â¹ýÀ» Àû¿ëÇÑ consensus statement ÀÛ¼º ¿¹ - nasal valse comprimise (link2)
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