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[Genetics of FAP]

1) Germline mutations of the APC gene on chr 5q21

2) APC gene : tumor suppressor or ¡°gatekeeping¡± gene

3) 15 exons, 2843 amino acid, 309K daltons

4) Important in cell adhesion, signal transduction, and transcriptional activation

5) Downstream targets : Beta-catenin and c-myc

6) More than 300 different mutations

7) Most are insertions, deletions, and nonsense mutations that lead to frame shifts or premature stop codons, resulting in truncation of the APC gene product

8) The most common mutation is a deletion of AAAAG in codon 1309

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