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[Q&A] Small bowel and colon

Serrated adenoma¶õ ¹«¾ùÀԴϱî?

EndoTODAY serrated·Î ¿Å°å½À´Ï´Ù.


´ëÀå LST Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç´Â ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁÀº°¡?

ColonTODAY LST Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç·Î ¿Å°å½À´Ï´Ù.


[Colonoscopy with cap & injection for polypectomy]

[2013-9-16. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®] Àú´Â ³»°ú ¼ö·Ã ÈÄ °øºÎÀÇ »ýÈ°À» ÇÏ¸ç ³»½Ã°æÀ» ¹è¿ì°í µû·Î fellow °úÁ¤À» °ÅÄ¡Áö ¾ÊÀº »óÅ·Πlocal ¿¡¼­ À§, ´ëÀå ³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. óÀ½ ¹è¿ì´Â °úÁ¤ºÎÅÍ cap (long cap, Á÷°æ 1cmÁ¤µµ)À» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» ÀÍÈ÷°Ô µÇ¾ú°í, ÇöÀç±îÁöµµ capÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© °Ë»çÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¹æ½Ä¿¡¸¸ Àͼ÷ÇØÁö´Ù º¸´Ï cap¾ø´Â °Ë»ç¸¦ ½ÃµµÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í, ÇÒ ¼öµµ ¾ø´Â »óȲÀÌ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¹æ½Ä°ú ´Ù¸£´Ù º¸´Ï ±×¿¡ µû¸¥ ºÒÆí°¨ ¹× ºÒ¾È°¨ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ù. Cap »ç¿ë °Ë»ç¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼±»ý´ÔÀº ¾î¶»°Ô »ý°¢ÇϽôÂÁö¿ä?

¶Ç ÇÑ°¡Áö´Â snare¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼úÀ» ¹è¿ì´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ´ëºÎºÐ saline ¹× epinephrineÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ injectionÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¹Ù·Î snare polypectomy¸¦ ÇØ¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. ±×°Ô ÀüºÎÀÎ ÁÙ ¾Ë¾Ò´Âµ¥ ¿¬¼ö°­Á µîÀ» ÅëÇؼ­ ¶Ç´Â ¼ÒÈ­±â³»°ú fellow¸¦ Çϴ ģ±¸µéÀ» ÅëÇØ ¹°¾îº¸¸é ´ç¿¬È÷ injectionÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ lifting ÈÄ snare polypectomy¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦ ½º½Â´ÔÀº ±»ÀÌ ±×·¸°Ô ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æµµ õ°ø µîÀÇ À§Ç輺¿¡ Å« Â÷ÀÌ´Â ¾ø´Â °Í °°´Ù°í ÇϽôµ¥... ¼±»ý´Ô²²¼­´Â ÀÌ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾î¶»°Ô »ý°¢ÇϽôÂÁö¿ä?


[2013-9-16. Àü¹®°¡ (S´ë ±³¼ö) ´äº¯] Áú¹®À» Àаí "¹è¿î´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ Âü Áß¿äÇϱ¸³ª"¶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ´À²¼½À´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ¹Ý´ë·Î ĸÀ» ¾È ¾º¿ì´Â ´ëÀå ³»½Ã°æÀ» ¹è¿ü°í, ¿ëÁ¾ ÀýÁ¦¼ú¿¡´Â submucosal injectionÀ» ¾ÈÇÏ¸é ¹Ýµå½Ã ±¸¸Û³ª´Â ÁÙ ¾Ë¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ ĸÀ» ¾º¿ì°í ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±¸¼®±¸¼® º¸´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù´Â °Íµµ ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú°í (ASGE¿¡¼­ ¿ëÁ¾ ¹ß°ß¿¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù´Â ¸®Æ÷Æ®°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù) Ä¡·á³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ¾º¿ì°í µé¾î°¡´Â ÆíÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °³ÀÎÀû ÀÇ°ßÀ¸·Î´Â ĸÀ» ¾º¿ì°í ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº ´ÜÁ¡º¸´Ù ÀåÁ¡ÀÌ ¸¹Àº °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ±»ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²Ü ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾øÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

¿ëÁ¾Á¦°Å¼úÀÇ submucosal injection ¿ª½Ã ±Ùó ´ëÇüº´¿ø¿¡¼­µµ ±×¸® ¿­½ÉÈ÷ ½ÃÇàÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Àú¿Í °°Àº Æ®·¹ÀÌ´×À» ¹Þ¾Ò´ø ºÐ²²¼­ º¸½Ã°í´Â ¡®¾ß ¿©±â ±¸¸ÛÀÌ Á» ³ª°Ú±¸³ª¡¯ Çß¾ú´Âµ¥... ½ÇÀº ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »ç½ÇÀÌ °´°üÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÔÁõµÈ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. ÇÕº´ÁõÀ̶õ ±¸¸Û »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, post polyectomy coagulation syndrome, ÃâÇ÷ µîµµ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ °ËÁõÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Âü°í·Î ºÐ´ç¼­¿ï´ë ¹× ´Ù¸¥ º´¿ø¿¡¼­ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ³í¹®ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­, Àû¾îµµ Á» Å©°Å³ª ³³ÀÛÇÑ ³ðµéÀº submucosal injection ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

Âü°í¹®Çå 1 (ºÐ´ç¼­¿ï´ëº´¿ø): Submucosal saline-epinephrine injection in colon polypectomy: appropriate indication

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Opinions vary among endoscopists concerning the indications for submucosal saline-epinephrine injection for the prevention of postpolypectomy complications after colonic snare polypectomy. This study was performed to determine the appropriate indications for submucosal saline-epinephrine injection.

METHODOLOGY: Clinical characteristics and complications (hemorrhage and perforation) in polypectomies were retrospectively evaluated. Postpolypectomy complications were analyzed in terms of demographic characteristics (age, gender), polyp characteristics (size, configuration, location, and histopathology), and the administration of submucosal saline-epinephrine injection.

RESULTS: Total 1039 polypectomies were performed in 563 patients (age 59.8 +/- 10.1 years), and submucosal saline-epinephrine injection was performed in 679 polypectomies. Twenty seven episodes (2.6%) of hemorrhage and 3 cases (0.2%) of perforation occurred. Malignant adenoma, a rectal polyp, and procedure without submucosal saline-epinephrine injection increased the risk of hemorrhage with odds ratios of 10.48, 4.71, and 3.44, respectively. Furthermore, submucosal saline-epinephrine injection significantly reduced the risk of hemorrhage in sessile polyps and those > 8 mm in size and with odds ratio of 16.41 regardless of location or histopathology. The occurrence of postpolypectomy perforation was not associated with any clinical characteristics and method.

CONCLUSIONS: Submucosal saline-epinephrine injection should be performed for sessile polyps and those > 8 mm in size, and might be performed optionally in other cases to prevent postpolypectomy hemorrhage.

Âü°í¹®Çå 2 (ŸÀÌ¿Ï ³í¹®): Is submucosal epinephrine injection necessary before polypectomy? A prospective, comparative study.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Polyps of the gastrointestinal tract are usually removed due to their link to bleeding, obstruction and malignancy. However, complications may occur following polypectomy. The aim of this study was to assess whether submucosal epinephrine injection before polypectomy could reduce the incidence of bleeding and perforation.

METHODOLOGY: Between June 1997 and November 1999, patients with sessile polyps of the gastrointestinal tract found in our endoscopic unit were randomized to receive submucosal epinephrine injection (epinephrine group) or no injection (control group) before polypectomy. In the epinephrine group, epinephrine (1:10,000) was injected surrounding the stalk of the polyp until the mucosa was blanched and bulged. The patients were observed for complications in the following month.

RESULTS: A total of 120 patients with 151 sessile polyps were enrolled in this study. In the epinephrine group, 75 polyps (n = 68) were randomized to receive epinephrine injection before polypectomy. In the control group, 76 polyps (n = 61) underwent polypectomy without epinephrine injection. In both groups, there was no significant difference in clinical features including the sizes of the polyps and their stalks, the location of polyps and the pathological diagnosis. There were a total of nine episodes of post-polypectomy hemorrhage, two in the epinephrine group and seven in the control group (2/75 vs. 7/76) (P = 0.07). One case in the epinephrine group experienced delayed bleeding (4 days later). Immediate hemorrhage occurred less in the epinephrine group than that in the control group (1/75 vs. 7/76, P = 0.03). There was one case of perforation in each group.

CONCLUSIONS: Epinephrine injection prior to polypectomy is effective in preventing immediate bleeding


[2013-9-16. Àü¹®°¡ (C´ë ±³¼ö) ´äº¯]

1. ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ ¶§ capÀ» °è¼Ó »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹®Á¦

2. EMR °ú Snare polypectomy ¿¡ ´ëÇØ: Àúµµ °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î EMR(Saline injection ÈÄ¿¡ snaring) ·Î ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð ÇöÀç ¿ëÁ¾ Çϳª ÀýÁ¦ÇßÀ» ¶§ ¼ö°¡´Â ¸ø ¹Þ°í ÀÖÁö¸¸¿ä...µÎ ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ study°¡ ¾ø¾î¼­ º¸Çè¿¡ Àû¿ëÀ» ¸ø¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÛÀº ¿ëÁ¾¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â Å« Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ¾ø´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ¾î´À Á¤µµ Å©±â°¡ ÀÖ´Â (¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, 1cm ÀÌ»ó, ±Ù°Å´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.) ¿ëÁ¾ ÀýÁ¦¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ¾ê±â°¡ ´Ù¸£´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼ú ÇÒ ¶§ EMR·Î saline injection À» ÇÑ ÈÄ suction À» ÇÑ »óÅ¿¡¼­ snaringÀ» Á¤»óÁ¡¸·±îÁö ÇØ¾ß lateral marginÀÌ È¤½Ã ³²À» ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Â ºÎºÐÀ» ¹æÁöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð, ESD¿Í ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î saline injectionÀÌ Àß µÇ¸é õ°øµîÀÇ ÇÕº´ÁõÀ» ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. SalineÀ¸·Î Á¡¸·ÇÏ ÁÖÀÔÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ À°¾ÈÀû ¿ÏÀüÀýÁ¦¸¦ µµ¿ÍÁشٴ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. õ°øµîÀÇ ÇÕº´Áõµµ ¹æÁöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °á·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î, Å« Å©±â¿¡ ´ëÇؼ± EMR method°¡ ¿ÏÀüÀýÁ¦À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, õ°øÀÇ ÇÕº´Áõµµ ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


[2013-9-16. Àü¹®°¡ (K´ë ±³¼ö) ´äº¯] ¾Æ·¡ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº Á¦ »ç°ßÀÓÀ» ¿ì¼± ¹àÇôµÓ´Ï´Ù.

°á·ÐºÎÅÍ ¸»¾¸À» µå¸®¸é, capÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀÌ ´õ À¯¸®ÇÏ¸ç ±ÇÀåÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á÷Àå¿¡¼­ÀÇ JÅÏÀ» ÅëÇÑ °üÂûÀÌ ¾î·Á¿î °æ¿ì¿¡¸¸, capÀ» »©°í Àç»ðÀÔÀ» ÇÏ¿© °üÂûÇÏ¸é µÉ °Í °°°í ±× Á¤µµÀÇ ¼ö°í´Â °¨¼öÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. CapÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â µ¥ µû¸£´Â Ãß°¡ÀûÀÎ ºñ¿ëÀ» »êÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°í, ¸Å ȯÀÚ¸¶´Ù capÀ» ¹Ù²Ù°í ¼¼Ã´/¼Òµ¶ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù´Â Á¡À» Á¦¿ÜÇϸé cap¾øÀÌ ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© ¿ëÁ¾ÀÇ ¹ß°ßÀ²µµ À¯¸®ÇÏ°í, À̾ ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â ¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼ú¿¡µµ º¸´Ù À¯¸®ÇÑ Á¡ÀÌ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â capÀ» Áö¼ÓÇؼ­ »ç¿ëÇϱ⸦ ±ÇÀåÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Cap»ç¿ëÀ» ²¨¸®´Â ÀÌÀ¯°¡ ±Ã±ÝÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °£È¤ ÀåÁ¤°áÀÌ Àß µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Æ cap³» À̹°Áú·Î ÀÎÇØ ¹æÇظ¦ ¹Þ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖÁö¸¸ ÀÌ °æ¿ì ÀåÁ¤°áÀ» Ãß°¡Çؼ­ ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ³ôÀº ¼öÁØÀÇ ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» À§ÇØ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °úÁ¤À̹ǷΠÃß°¡·Î ÀåÁ¤°áÀ» ȯÀÚ/º¸È£ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. CapÀ» »ç¿ëÇϸ鼭 ´À³¢´Â ºÒÆí°¨ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸½Ã°ÚÁö¸¸, capÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´õ¶óµµ ºÒÆí°¨ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

µÎ¹ø° Áú¹®¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÇÏ ³»½Ã°æÄ¡·á¿¡´Â ¿Ã°¡¹Ì·Î Á¡¸·ÇÏ ¿ë¾× ÁÖÀÔÀÌ ¾øÀÌ ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â ¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼ú°ú Á¡¸·ÇÏ ¿ë¾×À» ÁÖÀÔÇÏ¿© ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â Á¡¸·ÀýÁ¦¼úÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â ³»½Ã°æÇÏ Á¡¸·ÇϹڸ®¼ú/Á¡¸·ÇÏÁ¾¾çÀýÁ¦¼ú µîÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Á¾¾çÀÇ ¸ð¾ç/Å©±â/À§Ä¡¿¡ µû¶ó ÀûÀýÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© Á¾¾çÀ» Á¦°ÅÇÏ¸é µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¸ðµç ¼ú±â¿¡ µû¸¥ Àå/´ÜÁ¡À» ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í ¸¹Àº °æÇèÀ» ½×Àº ÈÄ ÀûÀýÇÑ ÀûÀÀÁõ¿¡ ¸ÂÃß¾î Àû¿ëÇÏ¸é µË´Ï´Ù. ¹Ýµå½Ã Á¡¸·ÀýÁ¦¼úÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿©¾ß¸¸ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù.

±×·¯³ª, Á¡¸·ÀýÁ¦¼úÀÌ ¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼ú¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© ÁöÇ÷¿ë¾×°ú Á¡¸·ÇÏÃþ¿¡ Äí¼ÇÀ» ¸¸µé¾î ÁÖ¾î ÃâÇ÷À̳ª õ°øÀÇ ºóµµ°¡ ´Ù¼Ò ³·Àº °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. Á¾¾ç(¿ëÁ¾)ÀÇ ¸ð¾çÀÌ À¯°æ¼º(¸ñÀ» °¡Áø °æ¿ì)¿¡´Â ¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼úÀÌ º¸´Ù À¯¸®ÇÏ°í, ¹«°æ¼ºÁß¿¡¼­µµ ÆíÆòÇü( Yamada type I, Type Is)À̳ª lateral spreading tumor ÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â Á¡¸·ÀýÁ¦¼úÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ù½Ã ¸»ÇÏÁö¸¸, Á¾¾çÀÇ ¸ð¾ç/Å©±â/À§Ä¡¿¡ µû¶ó ³»½Ã°æÀû ÀýÁ¦¼úÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÏ°ÚÀ¸¸ç, ±Ù¹«ÇÏ´Â º´¿øÀÇ ±Ô¸ð/¿Ü°úÀÇÀÇ ÇùÁø Á¤µµ µîÀ» °í·ÁÇÏ¿© Ãß°¡·Î ´Ù¸¥ ½Ã¼úÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇϽŠ°æ¿ì ÃæºÐÇÑ ±³À°°ú ¿¬½ÀÀ» ÇϽŠÈÄ¿¡ ½Ã¼ú¿¡ ÀÓÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±ÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÚÄ© ¼¸ºÎ¸£°Ô ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô ½Ã¼úÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÁÁÁö ¾Ê´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¶Ç ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ½Ç·Â ÀÌ»óÀÇ Á¾¾ç¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ÀýÁ¦¼úÀ» ¾î¼³ÇÁ°Ô Çϱ⺸´Ù´Â »ó±Þ±â°üÀ¸·Î Àü¿øÇÏ¿© ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°í È®½ÇÇÑ Ä¡·á°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ ¼±ÅÃÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


[2013-9-16. Àü¹®°¡ (Y´ë ±³¼ö) ´äº¯]

1. ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­ÀÇ cap »ç¿ë: (1) Cap À» ÀåÂøÇÏ°í ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» ½ÃÇàÇϸé insertion time À» ´ÜÃà½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â º¸°íµéÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ°í, (2) CapÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ polyp À» ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ Ã£À» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀϺΠÁÖÀåµµ ÀÖÁö¸¸, adenoma detection rate ¸¦ ³ôÀÌÁö´Â ¸øÇÑ´Ù´Â ÁÖÀåµµ À־ ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ³í¶õÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, (3) Cap À» ÀåÂøÇÏ°í ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÔÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇؼ­ ÇÕº´ÁõÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁø´Ù´Â ±Ù°Åµµ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ Cap À» ÀåÂøÇÏ°í ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ À߸øÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢µÇÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ 1 cm Á¤µµÀÇ long capÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â, Á¦ °æÇè »ó ¾Æ¹«¸® transparent cap À̶ó°í ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ Çöó½ºÆ½ cap ºÎÀ§¸¦ ÅëÇØ ºñÃß¾î º¸´Â ½Ã¾ß°¡ »Ñ¿¸°Ô º¸¿©¼­, ½Ã¾ß°¡ ÁÁÁö ¸øÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ polyp °üÂû¿¡ ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ¾à°£ ¹æÇØ°¡ µÉ ¼ÒÁöµµ ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢µË´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ cap ÀÇ ±æÀ̸¦ Á¶±Ý¾¿ ªÀº cap (¿¹¸¦ µé¸é 4mm cap) À¸·Î ¹Ù²Ù¾î¼­ colonoscopy ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ÇÑ´Ù¸é ÁÁÀ» µí ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯¸é ÃßÈÄ ÂªÀº cap ¶Ç´Â cap ¾øÀÌ ÇÏ´Â ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ¿¡ Á¡Â÷ ÀûÀÀÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

2. Colon polypectomy½ÃÀÇ submucosal injection

1) Submucosal injection¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â À忬±¸ÇÐȸ °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡¼­ ¾ð±ÞÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¹Ù´Â polypectomy ÈÄ immediate bleedingÀ» ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö´Â ÀÖÁö¸¸ delayed bleeding¿¡´Â Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ¾ø´Ù°í ¾ð±ÞÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í, õ°øÀ²À» ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ±Ù°Åµµ ºÎÁ·ÇÕ´Ï´Ù

2) ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÅÃ̼¼ºê¶õ½ºÀÇ °æ¿ì°¡ submucosal injection ¾øÀÌ polypectomy ¸¦ ¸¹ÀÌ ÇÏ´Â ÆíÀε¥ (´ëü·Î 1cm À̻󿡼­¸¸ injection ½ÃÇà), õ°øÀ̳ª ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇ´Â °æ¿ì´Â ¸¹Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.

3) °³ÀÎÀû ÀÇ°ßÀº, 5mm Á¤µµÀÇ ÀÛÀº ¿ëÁ¾Àº injection ¾øÀÌ polypecotmy ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿©µµ »ó°ü ¾ø´Ù°í »ý°¢µË´Ï´Ù.

4) Å©±â°¡ Å« ¿ëÁ¾Àϼö·Ï snare ·Î Æ÷ȹÇÏ´Â Á¡¸·ÀÇ ¸éÀûÀÌ ³Ð¾îÁö°Ô µÇ¸é¼­, ÀýÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ electrical current burdenÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇϹǷÎ, post-polypectomy electrocoagulation syndrome ¹× perforation risk °¡ »ó½ÂÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Å©±â°¡ Á¶±Ý Å« ¿ëÁ¾¿¡¼­´Â ´ç¿¬È÷ submucosal injection À» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù¸¸, ¸î mm Å©±âºÎÅÍ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁÀ»Áö´Â °³ÀÎÀû ¼ºÇâÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î 7-8 mm Á¤µµ ¿ëÁ¾ ºÎÅÍ´Â submucosal injectionÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÑ ÈÄ ¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼úÀ» ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


[2013-9-16. Àü¹®°¡ (S´ë ±³¼ö) ´äº¯]

1. cap (long cap, Á÷°æ 1cmÁ¤µµ) assisted colonoscopy:

1) ±Ã±ÝÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾î¶² Á¾·ùÀÇ cap»ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. long capÀº Á¦°Ô´Â Àͼ÷ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀºµ¥ °ú°Å¿¡ ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ´ø hard capÀ» ¸»ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÎÁö¿ä?

¿ì¼± Àú´Â °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î Ä¡·á³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÀº ¹°·Ð Áø´Ü ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­µµ capÀÇ ±àÀûÀûÀÎ ¸é¿¡ Âù¼ºÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­ capÀ» »ç¿ëÀº °ÍÀº Ãʱ⿡´Â fold¸¦ Á¥Çô µÚÀÇ ¼û°ÜÁø ÀÛÀº polypÀÇ Áø´ÜÇÔÀ¸·Î Áø´ÜÀ²À» »ó½Â½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °¡Á¤À¸·Î, ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â »ðÀÔÀ» ¼ö¿ùÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀåÁ¡À¸·Î ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÀÌ Áõ°¡ ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀϺΠcapÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿ë¿¡ ÈñÀǸ¦ º¸ÀÌ´Â ³»½Ã°æÀÇ»ç´Â 1°³´ç 2¸¸ 4õ¿øÀΰ¡ ÇÏ´Â capÀ» »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇϹǷΠ°æÁ¦Àû ÀÌÀ¯ (¹°·Ð ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô fee¸¦ ¹°¸±¼ö´Â ¾øÁö¸¸), ½Ã¾ß°¡ ¿ÀÈ÷·Á Çù¼ÒÇØÁö°í fecal materialÀÌ ³»½Ã°æ¿¡ °É·Á¼­ Áø´ÜÀ²ÀÌ ¶³¾îÁø´Ù¶ó´Â °ÍµéÀ» ¹®Á¦½Ã ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µË´Ï´Ù.

µû¶ó¼­, hard capÀº ½Ã¾ß¸¦ Çù¼ÒÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÁÁÁö ¾Ê´Ù°í »ý°¢Çϸç(ÃÖ±Ù olympus hard capÀº ±¹³»¿¡¼­´Â ÆǸŵÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù), ÈçÈ÷ ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÆǸÅÇÏ´Â capÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ »ç¿ëÇϵ¥¿¡µµ Àü ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀüÇô ¾ø´Ù°í »ý°¢µË´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, capÀ» »ç¿ëÇϼż­ °ÆÁ¤ÀÌ µÇ½Å´Ù¸é ´õ¿í´õ õõÈ÷ ȸ¼öÇϽðí 6ºÐ ÀÌ»óÀÇ °üÂû ½Ã°£À» ÁöÅ°½ÉÀÌ...ÁÁ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. )

2. CPP½Ã submucosal injection

ÈçÈ÷ injectionÀ» ¾È ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» polypectomy ¹æ¹ýÀ̶ó°í ÇÏ°í, injectionÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» endosocpic submucosal resection (EMR)¹æ¹ýÀ̶ó°í Çϱ⵵ ÇÏÁö¿ä. ¾Æ¸¶µµ injection¾øÀÌ CPPÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡ Àͼ÷ÇϽôٸé, ¸»¾¸ÇϽŠ°Íó·³ õ°ø°ú ÃâÇ÷°ú °°Àº À§Ç輺Àº injeciton¿¡ ¾ÈÇصµ Å©°Ô Áõ°¡ÇÏ ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µË´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ÃâÇö õ°ø ÀÚü°¡ ¸Å¿ì µå¹® ÇÕº´ÁõÀ̱⵵ Çϱ¸¿ä. ÀúÈñ°¡ 0%°¡ µÉ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ³ë·ÂÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ò±î ½Í½À´Ï´Ù. ±âÁ¸ ¿¬±¸¸¦ º¸¸é injectionÀ» Çϸé immediate and acute bleeding °ú °°Àº ÇÕº´ÁõÀÌ ³·Àº °ÍÀ¸·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÇÏÁö¸¸, Á¦°¡ SM injection À» ¸ðµç CPP¿¡ ±ÇÀ¯ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÇÕº´Áõ ¿¹¹æ ¿Ü¿¡µµ Æú¸³ÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÀýÁ¦¸¦ À§Çؼ­ ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. SM injection ÈÄ ÀýÁ¦¸¦ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº º´º¯ÀÇ marginÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷ Àâ¾Æ ¿ÏÀü ÀýÁ¦°¡ ³ôÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó°í È®½ÅÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦ injection ¾øÀÌ ÀýÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº sessile polypÀ» snare·Î Àâ±â°¡ ½±Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç ÁÖº¯ Á¤»ó Á¡¸·µµ Á¶±Ý ÇÔ²² Àâ¾Æ resecton margin free·Î ÀýÁ¦ÇÏ·Á´Â ½Ãµµ¸¦ ÇϱⰡ ¾î·Æ±â ¶§¹®ÀÓÀ» Àß ¾Æ½Ç °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Sessile polypÀÇ ÀÜÁ¸ Á¶Á÷Àº interval cancerÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ¿äÀÎÀÓÀ» Àß ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ°í, ³»½Ã°æÀǻ縶´Ù CPPÀÇ ¿ÏÀü ÀýÁ¦À²ÀÌ ´Ù¸§Àº CARE studyµîÀ» ÅëÇØ Àß ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


[The International Workshop of Glocal Digestive Disease Center of Konkuk University Medical Center]

- 2013 International Hub in Advanced Endoscopy -


Opening remarks by Professor Chan Sup Shim


Teleconference with Professor Khean-Lee Goh and his colleques in Malaysia


Live demonstration by Professor Nageshwar Reddy (India) at the Endoscopy Room of Konkuk University Hospital


Endoscopic transgastric pancreatic necrosectomy (Professor Nageshwar Reddy, India)


Related image from the Internet

Reddy ±³¼ö´Â pancreas necrosisÀÇ º®ÀÌ Àß maturationµÇ¸é À§ÀÇ Èĺ®À» ÅëÇÏ¿© pancreatic necrosectomy¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±³¼ö´Ô´Â 2012³â 3¿ù JAMA¿¡ ¼ö¼ú°ú endoscopic necrosectomy¸¦ ºñ±³ÇÑ randomized study °á°úµµ ¼Ò°³Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù (Endoscopic Transgastric vs Surgical Necrosectomy for Infected Necrotizing Pancreatitis). JAMA ³í¹®¿¡¼­ ¼Ò°³µÈ ½Ã¼ú¹æ¹ý ¼³¸í ±×¸²¿Í °á°ú tableÀ» ¾Æ·¡¿¡ ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù.


Figure 1. Video-Assisted Retroperitoneal Debridement and Endoscopic Transgastric Necrosectomy - A, Cross-sectional view depicting an enlarged, partially necrotic pancreas with a peripancreatic collection containing fluid and necrosis. The preferred access route for video-assisted debridement is within the left retroperitoneal space to reach the necrotic collection between the left kidney and descending colon. A laparoscope is inserted, and long grasping forceps are used to debride the necrosis. B, The access route for natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery is through the posterior wall of the stomach. The necrotic collection most often bulges into the stomach facilitating endoscopic transgastric necrosectomy. After balloon dilatation of the puncture site in the stomach wall, the endoscope is introduced into the retroperitoneal space and loose necrotic material is removed.


Results: We randomized 22 patients, 2 of whom did not undergo necrosectomy following percutaneous catheter drainage and could not be analyzed for the primary end point. Endoscopic transgastric necrosectomy reduced the postprocedural IL-6 levels compared with surgical necrosectomy (P = .004). The composite clinical end point occurred less often after endoscopic necrosectomy (20% vs 80%; risk difference [RD], 0.60; 95% CI, 0.16-0.80; P = .03). Endoscopic necrosectomy did not cause new-onset multiple organ failure (0% vs 50%, RD, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.12-0.76; P = .03) and reduced the number of pancreatic fistulas (10% vs 70%; RD, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.17-0.81; P = .02).


Current trends of publication in therapeutic GI endoscopy (Professor Sun-Young Lee, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea)

À̼±¿µ ±³¼ö´Ô¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé 2000³âºÎÅÍ 2012³â±îÁö ESD¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© 1,848°³ÀÇ ¿µ¹® ³í¹®ÀÌ PubMed¿¡ µîÀçµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ESD¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³í¹®ÀÌ °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ ½Ç¸° Àú³ÎÀº Gastrointestinal Endoscopy¿´°í (26.9%), ´ÙÀ½ÀÌ Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology¿´½À´Ï´Ù. À̼±¿µ ±³¼ö´ÔÀÇ °á·Ð ½½¶óÀ̵带 ¾Æ·¡¿¡ ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù.

Publications tend to increase when; (1) therapeutic endoscopy is for common diseases, (2) technique is easy to perform, (3) published papers are from various countries, and (4) papers are published in various journals. These will lead to future review articles, multicenter studies, and meta-analysis papers. This will further increase in publications and citations on this issue.


Principles of quality controlled ESD (Professor Takashi Toyonaga, Kobe University Hospital, Japan)

Toyonaga ¼±»ý´ÔÀÇ °­ÀÇ´Â 2013³â 7¿ù 7ÀÏ ºÎ¿ï°æ ¼¼¹Ì³ªÀÇ¿¡¼­ ¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ °­³²¼¼ºê¶õ½ºº´¿ø À±¿µÈÆ ±³¼ö´Ô °­ÀÇ¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ³»¿ëÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ÈÀüÇÑ ESD¸¦ À§Çؼ­´Â ÇÇ°¡ ³ªÁö ¾ÊÀ» °÷(avascular stratum just above the muscle layer)À» Á¶½É½º·´°Ô dissectionÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿äÁ¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °­ÀÇ abstractÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ ¾Æ·¡¿¡ ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù.

"For safe and reproducible procedure of ESD, the appropriate dissection of the ramified vascular network in the level of middle submucosal layer is required to reach the avascular stratum just above the muscle layer. The horizontal approach to maintain the appropriate depth for dissection beneath the vascular network enables treatment of difficult cases with large vessels and severe fibrosis. The most important aspact of ESD is the precise evaluation of curability. This approach can also secure the quality of the resected specimen with enough depth of the submucosal layer."

Toyonaga ¼±»ý´Ô²²¼­ ÀÏÀü¿¡ ´ëÇѼÒÈ­±âÇÐȸÀÇ ¿µ¹®Àú³Î¿¡ ±â°íÇÑ ³í¹® Principles of quality controlled ESD with appropriate dissection level and high quality resected specimen. Clin Endosc 2012;45:362-74¸¦ Àо½Ã±â ¹Ù¶ø´Ï´Ù.


The difference of the density of vessels. (A) The extremely characteristic muscle layers named the oblique muscle layers are symmetrically seen in the anterior/posterior regions of the gastric body. The muscle layer is circularly absent at the inlet of the large vessel. (B) The density and thickness of the vessels in the gastric antrum overwhelmingly differs from those in the gastric body. (Ba) In the antrum, the density of vessel in the submucosal layer is low, and the fibrosis is also minimal, and these allow easy mucosal incision and submucosal dissection. (Bb) In the lesser curvature of the gastric body where the oblique muscle layers exist, as the blood vessels do not diverge frequently and the density of blood vessels are low as in the gastric antrum, the procedure is rather easy if the large penetrating vessels are not hurt by mistake. (Bc) On the other hand, in the anterior/posterior walls of the gastric body, where the oblique muscle layers exist, the greater curvature of the gastric body and lower rectum, the density of blood vessels is high and the diverged vessel network is inevitably hurt, if careful attention is not paid to the depth of mucosal incision and submucosal dissection. (Image and text from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3521937/)


POEM - lecture by Philip, Hong Kong and live demonstration by Zhou Pinghong, China)

ÀϺ»ÀÇ Dr. Inoue°¡ °³¹ßÇÑ POEM (peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia)´Â achalasia¿¡¼­ Á¡Â÷ ¸¹ÀÌ Àû¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 2010³â EndoscopyÁö¿¡ ½Ç¸° Dr. Inoue ³í¹®ÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀοëµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Dr. Inoue´Â ¾à 300¿¹ Á¤µµÀÇ °æÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


achalasia-poem.net/


Related image from the Internet


[References]

1) EndoTODAY ÄÚµå

© ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¹Ù¸¥³»½Ã°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÀÌÁØÇà. EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.