Parasite | Eso | Sto | Cancer | ESD
[À§Àå°ü º´¸®. Pathology of GI tract] - ðû
3. Esophagus
4. Benign diseases of the stomach
5. Malignant diseases of the stomach
7. Lymphomas
8. Others
10. Clusters of differentiation (CD)
11. Symposiums
12. FAQs
13. References
PDF 12M (¿ì¸®¸» version)
4. Benign diseases of the stomach
Pathology of acute erosive gastritis |
Acute phase Vascular engorgement Lamina propria hemorrhage Superficial necrosis Polymorpholeukocutes in pits and glands Ulcers and erosions Superficial fibrin deposits |
Healing phase Epithelial regeneration with nuclear engorgement Pit elongation Mucus depletion Nuclear mitosis |
Definition of atrophy | Loss of appropriated glands |
Phenotype 1 of atrophic gastritis | Shrinkage or complete disappearance of glandular units, replace by expanded (fibrotic) lamina propria |
Phenotype 2 of atrophic gastritis | Replacement of the native glands by other featuring a new commitment (i.e., intestinal metaplasia and/or pseudopyloric metaplasia = SPEM) |
Intestinal metaplasia | IM may arise in either native mucus-secreting (antral) epithelia or previously antralized oxyntic glands (pseudopyloric metaplasia = SPEM) |
±×³É gland°¡ ¾ø¾îÁö´Â °Í°ú intestinal metaplasia ¶Ç´Â pseudopyloric metaplasia (= SPEM, spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia)¸¦ µ¿¹ÝÇÏ´Â Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¼³¸í. Antrum¿¡¼ intestinal metaplasia°¡ gland proper¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇϱ⺸´Ù´Â mucus-secreting foveolar epithelium¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â Çö»ó°ú ±×¸² B°¡ ´Þ¶ó¼ Àǹ®ÀÓ
Type 1Àº mucus dropletÀÌ ¾ø°í brush border°¡ ÀÖ´Â absorptive cellÀÌ ¸¸µé¾îÁö´Â Ãʱâ Çö»óÀÌ°í type 2,3´Â mucus dropletÀÌ ¸¸µé¾îÁö°í brush border°¡ ¾ø´Â non-absorptive cell (= Goblet cell)ÀÌ ¸¸µé¾îÁö´Â Èıâ Çö»óÀÌ´Ù. óÀ½¿¡´Â antral-corpus junction¿¡¼ atrophic, intestinalized mucosa°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª°í Á¡Â÷ À̺¸´Ù proximal°ú distal¿¡¼µµ °üÂûµÈ´Ù.
5. Malignant diseases of the stomach
À§¾Ï º´¸® ¼Ò°ßÀÇ ÀÌÇØ ±è¹éÈñ, À̼ºÇÐ. Ç︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍÇÐȸÁö Á¾¼³ (2023)
Pathology Basics for 2nd year GI fellows
Intestinal type gastric cancerÀÇ ¹ß»ý Clin Microbiol Infect 2015
Diffuse type gastric cancerÀÇ ¹ß»ý Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022
Á¡¸·±îÁö ħÀ±ÇÑ ¾ÏÀ» high grade·Î codingÇϵµ·Ï ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
À§¿¡¼´Â T1a, T1b°¡ ÀÖÁö¸¸ ´ëÀå¿¡¼´Â ±×³É T1¸¸ ÀÖ´Ù. À§ÀÇ T1a (Á¡¸·¾Ï)À̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ´ëÀå¿¡¼´Â ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
9. Mucin staining - MUC2 (Goblet cell marker), MUC5AC (foveolar marker), MUC6 (antral/pyloric gland marker)
MUC2 Epithelial mucin expressed in intestinal goblet cells and airway epithelium; gene is at 11p15.5
Relatively specific for predicting colorectal origin for Paget disease (Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:1469)
Gel forming MUC2 mucin may act as barrier to prevent infiltration of malignant cells in breast mucinous / colloid carcinoma
Positive staining: intestinal and airway epithelium; mucinous carcinoma of colon, breast, pancreas, ovary and stomach
Negative staining: stomach, breast ductal and lobular carcinomasMUC3 Upregulated by steroid hormones in vitro
Positive staining: invasive breast carcinoma, gastric carcinoma (associated with poor prognosis)MUC4 Transmembrane or membrane bound mucin that provides a protective layer of mucus
Normally acts as barrier to apical surface of epithelial cells, playing a protective and regulatory role
Positive staining - normal: tracheobronchial mucosa, colon, stomach, cervix and lung; normal salivary glands
Positive staining - disease: pancreatic, colonic, pulmonary and gastric carcinoma; sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (Am J Surg Pathol 2014;38:1538, Am J Surg Pathol 2012;36:1444)MUC5AC. Also known as MUC5 (GeneCards) Protects epithelium Positive staining - normal: stomach (foveolar epithelium of body and antrum), tracheobronchial mucosa, endometrium (mucinous metaplasia, eosinophilic change / metaplasia (Mod Pathol 2005;18:1243), surface syncytial change, ciliated change in 52%)
Positive staining - disease: extramammary Paget disease but not mammary Paget disease or normal breast tissue (Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:1469); mucinous carcinoma of ovary, diffuse type gastric carcinoma (83%)
Negative staining: normal breast tissueMUC6 Produces protective glycoprotein coat for gut epithelia
Positive staining - normal: stomach (pyloric glands), gallbladder, colon and endocervix
Positive staining - disease: invasive ductal carcinoma of breast, gastric carcinomas
Negative staining: normal breast tissue
In a cohort of 97 gastric cancers 30% expressed MUC5AC and MUC6 (gastric phenotype), 40% expressed MUC5AC, MUC6 and MUC2 (gastrointestinal phenotype), 10% expressed MUC2 alone (intestinal phenotype) and 20% lacked all markers (null phenotype). (J Surg Oncol. 2008;98:124-129)
10. Clusters of differentiation
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