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1. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the upper esophagus
70´ë ¿©ÀÚ°¡ ºñƯÀÌÀû °¡½¿ ºÒÆí°¨À¸·Î ¿ÜºÎ¿¡¼ ½ÃÇàÇÑ ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼ ½Äµµ Á¡¸·ÇÏÁ¾¾çÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾î ÀǷڵǾú½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ÜºÎ½½¶óÀ̵å ÀçÆǵ¶ °á°ú´Â SCC, M/D with focal neuroendocrine component¿´½À´Ï´Ù. »óºÎ½Äµµ º´¼ÒÀÎ °ü°è·Î ¼ö¼ú¿¡ µû¸¥ À§Ç輺ÀÌ ³ôÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆǴܵǾî ÈäºÎ¿Ü°ú·ÎºÎÅÍ ³»½Ã°æ Ä¡·á°¡ ÀǷڵǾú½À´Ï´Ù. ESD´Â ¾î·Á¿ò ¾øÀÌ ½ÃÇàµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
ESD º´¸®°á°ú°¡ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ¼ö¼úÀ» ÀÇ·ÚÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.
1. Diagnosis: Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
2. WHO classification(2010): Neuroendocrine carcinoma
3. Size: 0.9x0.8 cm
4. Extent: Mucosa and submucosa
5. Grading: Mitotic Count: >20/10 HPF, Ki-67 labeling index: G3>20%
6. Lymphovascular invasion: Present
7. Perineural invasion: Not identified
8. Resection Margins: Involved by tumor with cautery artifacts
Chromogranin: Positive, Synaptophysin: Positive, CD56: Positive, Ki-67: Positive (60%), PHH-3: Positive (198/10 HPFs)
ESD º´¸®. Á¡¸·ÃþÀº ºñ±³Àû intact Çѵ¥ ±× ¾Æ·¡·Î homogenousÇÑ ½Å°æ³»ºÐºñ¼¼Æ÷°¡ ³Ð°Ô º¸ÀÓ
ESD º´¸®. ¶Ñ·ÇÇÑ endolymphatic emboli°¡ °üÂûµÇ¾úÀ½.
¼ö¼ú °á°ú´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.
Esophagus and upper stomach, Ivor Lewis operation:
Status post endoscopic submucosal dissection (D13-7695)
No residual tumor
1) tumor size: cannot be determined (no residual tumor)
2) depth of invasion: cannot be determined (no residual tumor)
3) endolymphatic tumor emboli: not identified
4) perineural invasion: not identified
5) resection margins: free from carcinoma, safety margin: proximal, 1.5 cm ; distal, 18 cm ;
6) metastasis to 1 out of 25 regional lymph nodes (1/25: "LC omentum", 0/0; "G1", 0/3; "G2", 0/3; "G3", 0/8; "RRLN (right recurrent laryngeal nerve)", 1/2; "LRLN", 0/2; "L9", 0/1; "L10", 0/1; "RD", 0/1; "5", 0/1; "7", 0/2; "8u", 0/1)
7) treatment effect: not applicable
¼ö¼ú º´¸® (¸²ÇÁÀý). ¸²ÇÁÀý¿¡ ½Å°æ³»ºÐºñ¾ÏÀÇ Ä§À±ÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÀ½.
[ÀÌÁØÇà comment]
À§Àå°ü Á¾¾ç¼º ÁúȯÀÇ ³»½Ã°æ Ä¡·á ÈÄ additional surgery¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ¼ö¼úÀÇ µæ°ú ÇÔ²² ¼ö¼ú¿¡ µû¸¥ morbidity¿Í mortality¸¦ ÇÔ²² °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ±×º¸´Ù ´õ Áß¿äÇÑ Á¡Àº screening endoscopy ´ë»óÀÇ ¼±Á¤ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Áõ·Ê¿¡´Â ÇØ´çÇÏÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸ ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ screeningÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ endoscopic resection°ú ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ additional surgery¿Í ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ morbidity¿Í mortality°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» ÀØÁö ¸»¾Æ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÏ´Ü °Ë»çÇسõ°í º¼ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó °Ë»ç Àü¿¡ ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °Ë»çÀÎÁö ¾Æ´ÑÁö °í¹ÎÀÌ ¿ì¼±µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·± °üÁ¡¿¡¼ À۳⿡ ³ª¿Â À§¾Ï°ËÁø°¡À̵å¶óÀο¡¼ ¿¬·É »óÇѼ±À» ¼³Á¤ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¹«Ã´ Ÿ´çÇÑ ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. EndoTODAY °ÇÁø À§³»½Ã°æÀ» ¸î ¼¼¿¡ Áß´ÜÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡?¿¡¼ ÀϺθ¦ ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù.
À̹ø °ËÁø ±Ç°í¾ÈÀÇ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ Á¡Àº (1) À§³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç¸¦ ±âº» °Ë»ç¹ýÀ¸·Î Á¦¾ÈÇÑ °Í°ú, (2) ¿¬·É »óÇѼ±À» ¼³Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. " We recommend against gastric cancer screening for adults older than 85 years." À§¾Ï °ËÁø ±Ç°í¾ÈÀÇ Åä·Ð¿¡ Àß ¼³¸íµÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Á¶¿µ¼ú¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© ³»½Ã°æÀÌ ÈξÀ ÁÁ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ´Ù ¾Æ´Â ÀÏÀÌ°í ´ÜÁö µ¥ÀÌŸ°¡ ºÎÁ·ÇÒ »ÓÀ̶ó´Âµ¥ ¸ðµÎ µ¿ÀÇÇÏ½Ç °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿©±â¼´Â ¿¬·É »óÇѼ±¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÎºÐÀ» ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù.
°³Á¤ ±Ç°í¾ÈÀÇ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ Â÷ÀÌÁ¡À¸·Î´Â ±âÁ¸ ±Ç°í¾ÈÀÌ À§¾Ï °ËÁø ´ë»ó±ºÀ» 40¼¼ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¼ºÀο¡¼ »óÇÑ¿¬·É¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¦ÇѾøÀÌ ½Ç½ÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¹Ý¸é, À̹ø °³Á¤¾È¿¡¼´Â 75¼¼ À̻󿡼´Â À̵æ°ú À§ÇØÀÇ Å©±â¸¦ ºñ±³Æò°¡ ÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ ±Ù°Å°¡ ºÒÃæºÐÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ±Ç°íµî±Þ I¸¦ ÁÖ¾î °ËÁøÀ» ¿øÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì °ËÁøÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ À̵æ°ú À§ÇØ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ°í °ËÁø¿©ºÎ¸¦ ÇÔ²² °áÁ¤Çϵµ·Ï ±Ç°íÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, 85¼¼ À̻󿡼´Â ±Ç°íµî±Þ D¸¦ ÁÖ¾î ½ÃÇàÇÏÁö ¸» °ÍÀ» ±Ç°íÇÏ¿´´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °Ë»ç¹æ¹ýÀÇ º¯È¿Í »óÇÑ¿¬·É µµÀÔÀÌ ¹ÌÄ¥ ÆÄÀåÀÌ ÀûÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤µÇ¸ç, ½ÇÁ¦ ±Ç°í¾ÈÀ» Àϼ±¿¡¼ ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÀÖ¾î ±íÀº °í·Á°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¿¬·É »óÇѼ±À» ¼³Á¤ÇÑ °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ±Ù°Å´Â "±¹³» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼ 75-84¼¼¿¡¼´Â 1.09-1.15ÀÇ »ç¸Á ´ëÀÀÀ§Çèµµ¸¦ º¸¿© Åë°èÀûÀ¸·Î À¯ÀÇÇÑ »ç¸Á·üÀÇ °¨¼Ò°¡ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í, 85¼¼ À̻󿡼´Â 2.15ÀÇ »ç¸Á ´ëÀÀÀ§Çèµµ¸¦ º¸¿© ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ¼±º°°Ë»ç¿¡ µû¸¥ »ç¸Á·üÀÇ Áõ°¡°¡ ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù"´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÃÊ°í·É¿¡¼ °ÇÁø ³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÏ¸é ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ÀÏÂï µ¹¾Æ°¡½Ç ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀÇ·áÁøÀÇ °æÇèÀ» ¼öÄ¡ÈÇÏ¿© º¸¿©ÁØ Áß¿äÇÑ µ¥ÀÌŸ¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °í·É¿¡¼ ³»½Ã°æÀ» ±ÇÇÒ ¶§ ¸í½ÉÇØ¾ß ÇÒ »çÇ×ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ò ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
2. Recurrent spontaneous subcapsular hematoma of liver
¹Ýº¹ÀûÀÎ ¿ì»óº¹ºÎ ÅëÁõÀ¸·Î ¿©·¯¹ø ¿µ»ó°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÏ¿´°í ±×¶§¸¶´Ù perihepatic fluid collection°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾úÀ½. Paragonimus westermani serology ¾ç¼ºÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ È¯ÀÚ´Â praziquantel Åõ¾à, tamoxifen Áß´Ü ÈÄ È£ÀüµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
¹é¿ëÇÑ ±³¼ö´Ô²²¼´Â À§Ä¡°¡ ¹Ù²î°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡À» °í·ÁÇÏ¿© ±â»ýÃæ ÁúȯÀÌ ¿øÀÎÀ̾úÀ» °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ³ôÀ» °Í °°´Ù°í comment Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. Àúµµ´Â ÀÏÀü¿¡ ¾Æ»êº´¿ø¿¡¼ º¸°íÇÑ 'º¹° ³» Á¾¹°·Î ¹ß°ßµÈ À̼Ҽº ÆóÈíÃæÁõ' (´ëÇѼÒȱâÇÐȸÁö 2013;61:351)À» ¼Ò°³ÇÏ¸é¼ ±â»ýÃæ ÁúȯÀÇ °¡´É¼º¿¡ ÇÑ Ç¥¸¦ ´øÁ³½À´Ï´Ù. ÆóÈíÃæÁõÀÌ ÈçÇÑ ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼´Â extrapulmonary paragonimiasis°¡ °£È¤ ¹ß°ßµË´Ï´Ù. ¾Ç¼ºÁúȯ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ extrapulmonary paragonimiasis°¡ metastasis·Î ¿ÀÀ뵃 ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °¨º°Áø´Ü¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî¾ß ÇÏ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß Áø´ÜÇÏ´Â º´ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹Î¹°°ÔÀåÀÌ ÁÖµÈ ¿øÀÎÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
3. °íµµºñ¸¸ ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ ¹ß»ýÇÑ short bowel syndrome
ºñ¸¸ ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ ¹ß»ýÇÑ ºÎÁ¾À¸·Î ³»¿øÇÑ 30´ë ¿Ü±¹ÀÎ. °íµµºñ¸¸À¸·Î µÎ¹øÀÇ gastric bypass surgery ÈÄ ³»¿ø 3°³¿ùÀüºÎÅÍ ¹ß»ýÇÑ both lower leg edema, bruise ·Î 2Â÷º´¿ø ÀÔ¿ø Áß r/o protein losing enteropathy ·Î Àü¿ø. ÀÌ È¯ÀÚ´Â protein losing enteropathy´Â ¾Æ´Ï¾ú°í common channel ±æÀÌ°¡ ª¾ÆÁ® ¹ß»ýÇÑ short bowel syndromeÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
¥á1-Antitrypsin clearance °Ë»ç °á°ú´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ Á¤»óÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
¥á1-Antitrypsin, serum : 95.3 mg/dL (ref. 90-200)
¥á1-Antitrypsin, feces : 8.5 mg/dL (ref. 0-54)
¥á1-Antitrypsin plasma clearance : 0.18 mL/day (ref. 27 mL/dayÀÌÇÏ)
°ø½Ä: Alpha 1-AT plasma clearance = ((stool volume) x (stool alpha 1-AT)) / (serum alpha-1 AT), Alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1A) is resistant to degradation by digestive enzymes and is, therefore, used as an endogenous marker for the presence of blood proteins in the intestinal tract. A1A clearance is reliable for measuring protein loss distal to the pylorus.
Albumin replacement, ¿µ¾ç °ø±Þ (TPN, high protein diet, protein powder, IV iron, vitamin K, vitamin B12 replacement) µî Ä¡·á ÈÄ Ã¼Áßµµ °¨¼ÒÇÏ°í ¿Â°® Áõ»óµµ È£ÀüµÇ¾î µÇÀÇ·ÚÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.
* Âü°í: EndoTODAY ºñ¸¸
4. Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction (CIPO)
¹Ýº¹ÀûÀÎ ileus, 120-4.5-88 BUS 623/0.9, ¿µ»óÀÇÇÐ °Ë»ç»ó A colonºÎÅÍ distal D colon±îÁö Àü¹ÝÀûÀ¸·Î dilatation µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾úÀ½. ImpressionÀº chronic intestinal pseudoobstructionÀ» °í·ÁÇÏ¿´À½. ³»°úÀû Ä¡·á Áß ileum°ú A colonÀÇ Ãµ°øÀ¸·Î ¼ö¼úÀ» ÇÏ¿´À½.
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