Parasite | Eso | Sto | Cancer | ESD
[Electrosurgical unit (ESU)- ¿ø¸®ºÎÅÍ ERBE VIO 300D±îÁö] - ðû
1. Introduction - why high frequency?
2. Cutting current vs coagulation current
3. Old ESUs
4. The first constant voltage source ERBE ICC 200
5. Interim model - ERBE VIO 200D
7. Coagulatioon modes of ERBE VIO 300D
9. Examples of ESU setting for ESD
10. Other vendors
11. FAQs
12. References
1. Introduction - Why high frequency? ¿Ö °íÁÖÆÄ Àü·ù¸¦ »ç¿ëÇմϱî?
°íÁÖÆÄÀü·ùÀåÄ¡(electosurgical unit, ESU)´Â °íÁÖÆĸ¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â µµ±¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ÀÏ¹Ý °¡Á¤¿ë Àü±â¿Í °°Àº 50-60Hz·Îµµ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ Àü´ÞÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, ±ÙÀ°ÀÇ ¼öÃàÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇϹǷΠÀÇ·á¿ëÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. Åè°ú Á¦¸®¸¦ »ý°¢ÇØ º¸¼¼¿ä!
°íÁÖÆÄ Àü·ù¿¡¼´Â ±ÙÀ°¼öÃàÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÇ·á¿ëÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀǹÌÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 1926³â William Bovie¶ó´Â biophysical engineer°¡ °³¹ßÇß½À´Ï´Ù. Bovie ¾Æ½ÃÁö¿ä?
2. Cutting current¿Í coagulation current´Â ¾î¶»°Ô ´Ù¸¥°¡¿ä?
ÀÇ·á¿ë °íÁÖÆÄ Àü·ù´Â duty cycle¿¡ µû¶ó cutting current¿Í coagulation currentÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Duty cycleÀ̶õ Àüü ½Ã°£ Áß Àü·ù°¡ È帣´Â ½Ã°£ÀÇ percentÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 100%¿¡¼´Â pure cut È¿°ú°¡, 6%¿¡¼´Â pure coagulation È¿°ú°¡ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù. ±× Áß°£ 12-80%¿¡¼´Â blended effect°¡ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù (Gastroinet Endosc 2003).
- Cutting (= incision): °íÁÖÆÄÀü·ù¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ³ôÀº Joule heat¸¦ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î °¡ÇÏ¸é ¼¼Æ÷³»¾× ¿Âµµ°¡ ±Þ¼Ó½Ã »ó½ÂÇϸç steam explosion (spark)°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿© Á¶Á÷ÀÌ À߸³´Ï´Ù. ±âÀüÀº Á¶Á÷À» 100µµ ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ±Þ°ÝÈ÷ °¡¿ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Áõ±â¾Ð¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Æø¹ß(=¼öÁõ±â Æø¹ß)À» µð¹ÙÀ̽º ¼±´ÜÀÇ À̵¿¿¡ µû¶ó ¿¬¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ¹ß»ý½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
- Coagulation: Joule heat¸¦ °£ÇæÀûÀ¸·Î ¿Ã·Á¼ ¼¼Æ÷³» ¹× ¼¼Æ÷°£ ¾×üÀÇ ¿Âµµ¸¦ õõÈ÷ ¿Ã·Á¼ Å»¼ö,°ÇÁ¶ È¿°ú°¡ ¹ß»ýÇϸé Á¶Á÷ÀÌ ÀÀ°íµË´Ï´Ù.
[Âü°í] ÀÀ°íÈ¿°ú´Â °íÁÖÆÄ Àü·ùÀÇ duty cycleÀ» ³·Ãß´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÀüÅëÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â constant voltage source¿¡¼ Àü¾ÐÀ» ³·°Ô À¯ÁöÇϸé ÀÀ°íÈ¿°ú¸¦ ³¾ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. VIO 300DÀÇ soft coagulationÀÌ ÁÁÀº ¿¹ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
[Âü°í] ERBE ICC 200À̳ª 300D¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϸé coagulation current¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ cuttingµµ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù. "ESUs are known to act differently above and below a borderline of 200 peak voltage (Vp). Because a spark is generated when more than 200 Vp is applied, an incision effect can be created even from the coagulation output when the current density is high and the contact area is narrow." Áï knife¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© Á¢Ã˸éÀûÀ» ÀÛ°Ô ÇÏ¸é ³ôÀº Àü¾ÐÀÇ coagulation current·Î cutting È¿°ú¸¦ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¶æÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
3. Old ESUs. °ú°Å¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ´ø ESU
4. The first constant voltage source ERBE ICC 200
1) ERBE ICC 200Àº ¾î¶² Á¾·ùÀÇ °íÁÖÆÄ ¹ß»ýÀåÄ¡ÀԴϱî?
°íÁÖÆÄ Àü·ù ¹ß»ýÀåÄ¡´Â constant power source¿Í constant voltage sourceÀÇ µÎ Á¾·ù·Î ³ª´©¾îÁý´Ï´Ù.
- Constant power source generates a broad power curve and, as resistance rises, power stays constant by increasing the voltage.
- Constant voltage source keeps voltage constant when the resistance varies, thus, current and power increases when the resistance decreases, and current and power decreases when the resistance rises (AUTO CUT mode in ICC200)
°ú°Å¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ´ø constant power source´Â ±¸Á¶°¡ ´Ü¼øÇÏÁö¸¸ ¸î °¡Áö Áß¿äÇÑ ´ÜÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
(1) Á¶Á÷Àý°³¸¦ À§Çؼ´Â spark°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ°í 200V ÀÌ»óÀÇ ³ôÀº Àü¾ÐÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
(2) ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ cutting mode¿¡¼´Â Ãâ·ÂÀÌ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô Á¶ÀýµÇ¹Ç·Î ÀúÇ×ÀÌ Áõ°¡Çϸé Àü¾Ðµµ ³ô¾ÆÁý´Ï´Ù (W= V2/R).
(3) Àü·ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Á¶Á÷ÀÌ °ÇÁ¶ÇØÁö°í ÀúÇ×ÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁö¸é, ÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó¼ Àü¾ÐÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁö´Ù°¡ 200V ÀÌ»óÀÌ µÈ ½ÃÁ¡¿¡¼ ¹æÀüÀÌ µÇ°í Á¶Á÷ÀÌ Àý°³µË´Ï´Ù (time lag).
(4) ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ÀúÇ×Àº ÀÏÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¹Ç·Î Àü¾Ðµµ ºÒ±ÔÄ¢ÇÏ°Ô º¯ÇÏ°í, ±× °á°ú Àý°³°¡ ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ERBE ICC 200(Auto Cut ¸ðµå)Àº Àý°³ µµÁß °í°¨µµ ¼¾¼°¡ Àü·ù, Àü¾Ð, ½ºÆÄÅ© °µµ µîÀ» °è¼Ó °¨ÁöÇÏ¿© Àü¾ÐÀ» ÀÏÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô Á¦¾îÇÏ¿© ±ÕÀÏÇÑ Àý°³¸¦ °¡´ÉÄÉ ÇÑ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ constant voltage sourceÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ICC´Â intelligent cutting and coagulationÀÇ ¾àÀÚ¶ó°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
2) ERBE ICC 200ÀÇ Auto Cut ¸ðµå
ERBE ICC 200ÀÇ Auto Cut ¸ðµå°¡ constant voltage ¸ðµåÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÅëÀüÀ» ÇÒ ¶§¸¶´Ù Áï½Ã ³ôÀº Àü¾ÐÀÇ Àü·ù°¡ Èê·¯¼ °ÅÀÇ µ¿½Ã¿¡ spark°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿© ÀÏÁ¤ÇÏ°í ±ú²ýÇÑ Àý°³¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Àü¾ÐÁ¶ÀýÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© effect¸¦ º¯°æÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Effect 1Àº low voltage·Î spark°¡ °ÅÀÇ ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î Á¶Á÷¼Õ»ó ¾øÀÌ Àý°³¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ ÁöÇ÷´É·ÂÀº minimalÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Effect 4´Â high voltage·Î spark°¡ °ÇÏ°í ÁöÇ÷´É·ÂÀÌ ÁÁÀ¸³ª Á¶Á÷¼Õ»óÀÌ ½ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù. EMRÀ̳ª ESD¸¦ ÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â º¸Åë Effect 3¸¦ ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ERBE ICC 200 Auto CutÀÇ Effect ¹öÆ°Àº peak voltage¸¦ Á¶ÀýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Max Watt·Î Ãâ·ÂÀ» Á¶ÀýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Ãâ·Â watt¸¦ ¿Ã¸®¸é °°Àº Effect¿¡¼µµ peak voltage°¡ ¾à°£ ¿Ã¶ó°¡¸é¼ incision power¿Í coagulation power°¡ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¿Ã¶ó°©´Ï´Ù.
3) Endo Cut ¸ðµå
ERBE ICC 200¿¡´Â Endo Cut¶ó´Â ȹ±âÀûÀÎ ¸ðµå°¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀαⰡ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ °£°ÝÀÇ cutting »çÀÌ¿¡ coagulation current°¡ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î Èê·¯ÁÖ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Endo CutÀÇ ÇÑ ÁÖ±â´Â 0.8ÃÊ(Auto Cut 0.05 sec + Soft Coagulation 0.75 sec)ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Àü¾ÐÀº Effect·Î Ãâ·ÂÀº Max Watt·Î Á¶ÀýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ º¸´Ù ¼¶¼¼ÇÑ Á¶ÀýÀº ¾î·Á¿ü½À´Ï´Ù. ERBE ICC 300D°¡ ³ª¿À¸é¼ cutting duration, cutting interval, baseline coagulation °µµ µî º¸´Ù ¼¶¼¼ÇÑ Á¶ÀýÀÌ °¡´ÉÇØÁ³½À´Ï´Ù.
4) ERBE ICC 200ÀÇ ÀÀ°í ¸ðµå
ERBE ICC 200ÀÇ coagulation mode´Â Soft¿Í Forced°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
(1) Soft coagulation mode: gentle coagulation with minimal carbonization. 200 V ÀÌÇÏ·Î Àü¾ÐÀÌ ¾ïÁ¦µÇ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ spark°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ¿Âµµ°¡ 80±îÁö¸¸ »ó½ÂÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ºñ±³Àû ±½Àº Ç÷°üÀ» º¯¼º, ¼Ò½Ç½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
(2) Forced coagulation mode: hemostasis with relatively small-surface electrode like IT knife. 2650 V ÀÌ»óÀÇ Àü¾ÐÀÌ °É¸®¸ç spark°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿© Á¶Á÷ÀÌ ÇÑ ¼ø°£¿¡ °ÇÁ¶ ÀÀ°íµÈ´Ù. MarkingÀ̳ª ¹Ì¼¼Ç÷°ü Àý°³¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù
5) ERBE ICC 200À» »ç¿ëÇÑ ESD (IT knife)
1) Marking using needle knife: Forced Coag 20 W
2) Cutting: Endo Cut 80 W, Effect 3 - Partial precutting: needle knife - Circumferential precutting: IT knife - Submucossal dissection: IT knife 3) Bleeding control with IT knife: Forced 50W 4) Bleeding control with hot biopsy: Soft Coag 80W |
5. Interim model - ERBE VIO 200D
ERBE ICC 200ÀÇ ÀåÁ¡À» º¸¿ÏÇÏ°í ¸î °¡Áö ±â´ÉÀ» ´õÇÑ ¸ðµ¨Àε¥ Àá½Ã ³ª¿Ô´Ù°¡ VIO 300D·Î ±³Ã¼µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. °úµµ±âÀû ¸ðµ¨À̾ú´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇöÀç °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â °÷ÀÌ ¸¹Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
´Ù¾çÇÑ Á¾·ùÀÇ cutting mode°¡ Ãß°¡µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
6. Cut modes of ERBE VIO 300D - Endo Cut ¸ðµå¿¡¼ Effect, Cut duration, Cut intervalÀº ¹«½¼ ÀǹÌÀԴϱî?
ERBE VIO 300DÀÇ Endo Cut ¸ðµåÀÇ ¸ð´ÏÅÍ È¸éÀº ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. Effect´Â coagulation Á¤µµ¸¦, Cut durationÀº incision width¸¦, Cut intervalÀº incision speed¸¦ Á¶ÀýÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
1) Endo Cut I¿Í Endo Cut Q
ERBE VIO 300DÀÇ Endo Cut voltage´Â °ú°Åº¸´Ù ´Ü¼øÇØÁ³½À´Ï´Ù. Peak voltage¸¦ ¼¶¼¼ÇÏ°Ô Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» Æ÷±âÇÏ°í µÎ °¡Áö(550 V¿Í 770 V)¸¸ ¾²´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ´Ü¼øÈ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Endo Cut IÀÇ peak voltage´Â 550V, Endo Cut QÀÇ peak voltage´Â 770VÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °°Àº Effect, Cut duration, Cut interval¿¡¼ Endo Cut Q°¡ Endo Cut Iº¸´Ù ¿¡³ÊÁö°¡ Á¶±Ý °ÇÏ´Ù°í ÀÌÇØÇÏ¸é µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
Endo Cut I´Â needle papillotome¿¡ ÃÖÀûÈµÈ °ÍÀÌ°í, Endo Cut Q´Â snare¿¡ ÃÖÀûÈµÈ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª needle°ú ÇÔ²² Endo Cut Q¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ESD (IT-2 knife)¿¡¼´Â Endo Cut I¸¦ ¾²´Â °ÍÀÌ Ç¥ÁØÀÌÁö¸¸, °£È¤ Endo Cut Q¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â Àü¹®°¡µµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
ESD Ãʺ¸ÀÚ´Â Endo Cut I¸¦ ¾²°í ESD ¼÷·ÃÀÚ´Â º¸´Ù °·ÂÇÑ Endo Cut Q¸¦ ¾²¸é ÁÁ´Ù´Â À̾߱⵵ ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ¾ÆÁÖ ¼÷·ÃµÈ Àü¹®°¡µµ Endo Cut I¸¦ ¾²´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÃëÇâ¿¡ µû¶ó ¼±ÅÃµÈ´Ù°í º¸´Â ÆíÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
2) Endo CutÀÇ Initial incision phase¶õ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡¿ä?
Àúµµ Á¤È®È÷ ÀÌÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â ³»¿ëÀÎÁö¶ó ERBE ȸ»ç ºê·Î¼Å¿¡¼ ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù.
A cutting cycle will always begin with a short initial incision stage of varying duration. This serves to heat the tissue in the immediate vicinity of the electrosurgical snare endogenously within a few tenths of a second to > 100¡ÆC, leading to an initial coagulation (hemostasis) of the tissue prior to the actual cutting.
The duration of the initial cutting stage is mainly dependent on the diameter of the snare wire, diameter of the polyp, and the traction of the snare on the tissue it has grasped.
However, the initial cutting stage should be as short as possible to prevent deep coagulation at the base of the polyp. The quicker the cutting phase is arrived at, the more superficial the coagulated area will be. In the following illustrations the cutting cycle is simply depicted as a yellow bar.
3) Effect
Effect¸¦ ¿Ã¸®¸é cutting Àü·ù »çÀÌÀÇ Àý°³ ÈÞÁö±â¿¡ ±ò¸®´Â coagulation Àü·ùÀÇ Àü¾ÐÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁý´Ï´Ù (0-400 V). Effect¸¦ ¿Ã¸®¸é cutting È¿°ú°¡ °ÇØÁö´Â°Ô ¾Æ´Ï°í ÀÀ°íÈ¿°ú(= ÁöÇ÷È¿°ú)°¡ °ÇØÁý´Ï´Ù. CuttingÀÌ ¾ÈµÈ´Ù°í Effect¸¦ ¿Ã¸®¸é cuttingÀº ´õ¿í ¾ÈµË´Ï´Ù. Effect´Â º¸Åë 2 ȤÀº 3À» ¼±ÅÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Effect 4´Â coagulationÀÌ ³Ê¹« °Çؼ Á¶Á÷¼Õ»óÀÌ ½ÉÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ °ÅÀÇ »ç¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
4) Cut duration
Cut durationÀ» ¿Ã¸®¸é cutting Àü·ù°¡ Áö¼ÓµÇ´Â ½Ã°£ÀÌ ±æ¾îÁý´Ï´Ù. Áï cuttingÀÌ Àß µË´Ï´Ù. Endo Cut I¿¡¼´Â 8 - 32 millisecond±îÁö, Endo Cut Q¿¡¼´Â 2-14 millisecond±îÁö Á¶ÀýµË´Ï´Ù. °°Àº Cut duration¿¡¼ Endo Cut Iº¸´Ù Endo Cut QÀÇ cutting Áö¼Ó½Ã°£ÀÌ ´Ù¼Ò ª½À´Ï´Ù. Peak voltage°¡ ´õ ³ô±â ¶§¹®À¸·Î ÃßÁ¤µË´Ï´Ù.
5) Cut interval
Cut intervalÀ» Á¶ÀýÇϸé cutting Àü·ù »çÀÌ¿¡ coagulation Àü·ù°¡ ±ò¸®´Â Áö¼Ó½Ã°£À» Á¶ÀýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 400 millisecond¿¡¼ 1,840 millisecond±îÁö Á¶ÀýµË´Ï´Ù.
ÀÀ°í Á¤µµ´Â ÁÖ·Î Effect setting¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Þ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÀ°í Áö¼Ó½Ã°£ÀÇ ¿µÇâÀº Å©Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. Cut intervalÀÌ ±æ¾îÁø´Ù°í ÀÀ°í È¿°ú°¡ Å©°Ô Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. Knife¸¦ Á¶ÀÛÇÒ ¿©À¯½Ã°£ÀÌ »ý±ä´Ù°í º¸´Â ÆíÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
6) Á¾ÇÕÀûÀÎ È¿°ú
ERBE VIO 300D Endo CutÀÇ ¿©·¯ º¯¼ö¸¦ Á¶ÀýÇÒ ¶§ ³ª¿À´Â È¿°ú¸¦ °£´ÜÈ÷ ±×·Áº¸¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.
Cutting power¸¦ ¿Ã¸®·Á¸é Cut durationÀ» ¿Ã·Á¼ cutting Àü·ù Áö¼Ó½Ã°£À» ±æ°Ô ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. CoagulationÀº ´Ù¼Ò ³·Ãç¾ß (Effect¸¦ ³·Ãß°í Cut intervalÀ» ª°Ô) cuttingÀÌ Àß µË´Ï´Ù.
Àú´Â ESD (IT-2 knife)¿¡¼ Endo Cut I, Effect 3, Cut duration 3, Cut interval 3À» °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Á¶±Ý °ÇÑ cuttingÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °æ¿ì´Â Endo Cut Q, Effect 3, Cut duration 3, Cut interval 3À» ¾²±âµµ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
7. Coagulation modes of ERBE 300D - Forced Coag, Swift Coag, Dry Cut, Spray Coag, Soft CoagÀº ¾î¶»°Ô ´Ù¸¥°¡¿ä?
Coagulation mode´Â 5 °¡ÁöÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Dry cut, Swift coagulation, Forced coagulationÀÇ ÁÖµÈ Â÷ÀÌ´Â duty cycleÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À̸§¿¡ coagulationÀÌ ¾²À̱⵵ ÇÏ°í cut°¡ ¾²À̱⵵ ÇßÁö¸¸ º»ÁúÀûÀ¸·Î ºñ½ÁÇÏ°í ¸ðµÎ cutting¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ³ôÀº voltage¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¸ðµåÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Spray coagulationÀº non-contact ¹æ¹ýÀÌ°í, Soft coagulationÀº peak voltage°¡ ³·¾Æ cutting È¿°ú°¡ ÀüÇô ¾ø´Â ÁöÇ÷ Àü¿ëÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Soft coagulation »©°í´Â ¸ðµÎ cutting¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
1) Dry cut: Duty cycle 30%, peak voltage 843 Vp (E4). Ãʺ¸ÀÚ´Â »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ù·ç±â ¾î·Æ½À´Ï´Ù. ³Ê¹« °ÇÑ ¸ðµåÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ERBE300D¿¡¼´Â coagulation mode·Î ºÐ·ùµÇ¾î ÀÖÁö¸¸ »ç½ÇÀº °·ÂÇÑ cutting È¿°ú¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
2) Swift coagulation: Duty cycle 20%, peak voltage 990 Vp (E3). Dry cut¿¡ ºñÇØ Àý°³È¿°ú´Â ¶³¾îÁö³ª ÁöÇ÷´É·ÂÀÌ ¿ì¼öÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Cutting°ú coagulation ¸ñÀû ¸ðµÎ °¡´ÉÇϸç, ESD¿¡¼ submucosal dissection¿¡ °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¸ðµåÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Á¶±Ý »¡¸® ¿òÁ÷À̸é cutting È¿°ú, Á¶±Ý õõÈ÷ ´·¯ÁÖ¸é coagulationÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù. ¿¬±â°¡ Àû°Ô ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
3) Forced coagulation: Duty cycle 10%, peak voltage 1430 Vp (E3). ±âÁ¸ ÀÀ°íÆÄ¿¡ °¡Àå °¡±î¿ì¸ç ³ôÀº Àü¾ÐÀ¸·Î ºü¸¥ ÀÀ°í¸¦ À¯¹ßÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÀ°í½Ã°£ÀÌ ±æ¾îÁö¸é Á¶Á÷ÀÌ ÅºÈµÇ°í knife¿¡ ´Þ¶ó ºÙ½À´Ï´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù ´Ü¼ø ÁöÇ÷À» ³Ñ¾î¼ ESD½Ã ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ½ÉÇÑ º´º¯ÀÇ Á¡¸·ÇϹڸ® ¶§ È¿°úÀûÀÎ ¸ðµå·Î »ç¿ëµÇ±âµµ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
4) Spray coagulation: Non-contact ¹æ¹ýÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Á¢ÃËÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í °øÁß ¹æÀüÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ °·ÂÇÑ ÀÀ°í ¸ðµåÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Àü±â ½ºÆÄÅ©°¡ 3 mm±îÁö ¹ß»ýÇϹǷΠÀÀ°í ±íÀÌ°¡ ¾è½À´Ï´Ù. ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ ³ÐÀº ¹üÀ§ÀÇ ¹Ì¸¸¼º ÃâÇ÷(diffuse hemorrhage)¿¡ »ç¿ëÇϸé ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÜÁ¸ Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ¼ÒÀÛ¿¡µµ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿¬±â°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ESDÀÇ Ã¹ ´Ü°èÀÎ marking¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Àü±â spark°¡ ¹ß»ýÇϹǷΠDual KnifeÀÇ tipÀ» ³»Áö ¾Ê°íµµ marking ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. AchalasiaÀÇ ³»½Ã°æÄ¡·áÀÎ POEM¿¡¼ À¯¿ëÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¸ðµåÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
5) Soft coagulation: Peak voltage (Vp)°¡ 200 ÀÌÇÏÀ̹ǷΠspark°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í Å»¼ö,°ÇÁ¶È¿°ú¸¸ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÀ°í°¡ ÁøÇàµÇ¸é Á¶Á÷¿¡ Àü·ù°¡ Àß È帣Áö ¾Ê¾Æ Á¶Á÷ÀÌ ´Þ¶ó ºÙ´Â Çö»óÀÌ Àû½À´Ï´Ù. Coagrasper (ÁöÇ÷°âÀÚ)¿¡¼ ÀÌ¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
[Âü°í] ERBE VIO 300D¿¡´Â foot switch Å« ¹ßÆÇ »çÀÌ¿¡ ÀÛ°í µÕ±Ù ¹ßÆÇÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. À̸¦ ´©¸£¸é Endo Cut ¸ðµå´Â ±×´ë·Î µÎ°í ÀÀ°í¸ðµå¸¸ º¯°æÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÚÁÖ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ÀÀ°í¸ðµå µÎ°³¸¦ »çÀü¿¡ Á¤ÇØµÎ°í ¼·Î ¿Å°Ü°¡¸é¼ ÀÛ¾÷Çϸé ÆíÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
1) Power Peak System (PPS)À̶õ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡¿ä?
ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Àý°³°¡ ½ÃÀÛµÉ ¶§¿¡´Â Á¶Á÷ÀÇ Àü±â ÀúÇ×ÀÌ ³·±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ³ôÀº Àü¾ÐÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇѵ¥, PPS´Â Àý°³ ½ÃÀÛ ½ÃÀÇ ³·Àº ÀúÇ×À» °¨ÁöÇÏ¿© ´Ü½Ã°£ ³»¿¡ Àý°³°¡ °¡´ÉÇÑ Àü¾Ð±îÁö Ãâ·ÂÀ» Áõ°ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ½Ã¼úÀÚµéÀÌ ESD½Ã Æä´ÞÀ» ¹Ýº¹ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹â¾Ò´Ù ¶¼¾ú´Ù ÇÏ¸é¼ Àý°³¸¦ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº PPSÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù (À̺¸ÀÎ °ÀÇ·Ï). °á±¹ Æä´ÞÀ» ¹âÀº Á÷ÈÄ°¡ °¡Àå Àý°³´ÉÀÌ ³ôÀº ¼ø°£ÀÌ µÇµµ·Ï ÀÌ¹Ì ¼³°èµÈ °ÍÀ̹ǷΠÀ̸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ½Ã¼úÀÚµéÀÌ Æä´ÞÀ» ¹â¾Ò´Ù ¶¼¾ú´Ù ¹Ýº¹ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µË´Ï´Ù.
9. Examples of ESU settings for ESD
1) Personal selection of VIO 300D modes for gastric ESD (ÀÌÁØÇà)
Marking (Dual knife) | Spray Coag E1 30W Forced Coag E2 W50 |
Pre and circumferential cutting (Dual knife +/- IT-2 knife) | Endo Cut I E3 D3 I3 Endo Cut Q E3 D3 I3 |
Submucosal dissection (IT-2 knife or Dual knife) | Swift Coag E3 80W Endo Cut I E3 D3 I3 Endo Cut Q E3 D3 I3 |
Hemostasis (Coagrasper) | Soft Coag E5 80W |
2) »ï¼º¼¿ïº´¿ø stomach ESD standard (±èÀçÁØ, ¹Îº´ÈÆ, ÀÌÇõ)
3) ±èµµÇÏ - ¼ÒÈ°ü Á¾¾ç ³»½Ã°æ Ä¡·á¼úÀÇ ½ÇÁ¦
4) °íÁÖÆĹ߻ýÀåÄ¡ (ÀϺ»¾î ´ÜÇົ)
5) Gastic ESD by Morita at Kobe University (Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2014)
- Marking: APC2 Forced APC, E1, 30 W, 1.0 L/min
- Precutting: Endo Cut I, effect 4, duration 2, interval 3
- Circumferential cutting: Endo Cut Q, effect 2, duration 3, interval 2
- Submucosal dissection using IT-2 knife: Forced coagulation effect 3, 100 W ¶Ç´Â Swift coagulation effect 3, 100 W
- Hemostasis: Soft coagulation, effect 5, 100W
6) Esophageal ESD by Oyama (Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2014)
- Marking with Hook and Dual knives: Soft coagulation, effect 4, 20 W
- Mucosal incision with backside of Hook knife: Endo Cut I, effect 3
- Circumferential cutting with arm part of Hook knife: combination of Spray coagulation (effect 2, 60W) and Endo Cut I (effect 3, duration 2, interval 2)
- Hemostasis using knife: Spray coagulation, effect 2, 60 W
- Hemostasis using forcep: Soft coagulation, effect 5, 40 W
* Tip: Because the esophagus has no serous membrane and the intramediastinal pressure is lower than that of the esophageal lumen, mediastinal emphysema may appear without perforation. Under intubation general anesthesia, the mediastinal pressure is higher than the intraesophageal pressure, enabling prevention of mediastinal emphysema and/or subcutaneous emphysema.
7) Esophageal ESD by Fujishiro at Toko University - ½Äµµ ESD¸¦ ÇÒ ¶§ À§ ESD¿Í °°Àº Àü·ù¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϸé õ°øÀÌ ÀÚÁÖ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÁÖÀÇÇϼ¼¿ä.
8) Colonic ESD (°íºÀ¹Î, Á¦3ȸ °³²¼¼ºê¶õ½º single topic symposium)
Mucosal incision (Dual knife) | Dry Cut E2 30W |
Mucosal incision (Hook knife) | Endo Cut E2 D2 I2 |
Submucosal dissection (Dual knife) | Swift Coag E4 30W |
Submucosal dissection (Hook knife) | Swift Coag E4 40W |
Coagulation (Coagrasper) | Soft Coag E5 50W |
9) µ¿°æ¾Ï¼¾ÅÍ¿¡¼ 2015³â ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ ³í¹®(Suzuki H. WJG 2015)¿¡ ¼Ò°³µÈ setting
10) Dr. Uedo (2016-7-17. °Ç±¹´ë½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö live demonstration)
Marking (Dual knife) | Forced Coag E2 25W |
Mucosal incision (Dual knife) | EndoCut E2 D3 I3 |
Submucosal dissection (IT-2 knife) | Swift Coag E3 80W |
11) Dr. Gotoda (2019 APDW. Clutch cutter °ÀÇ¿¡¼)
12) 2019-1-26. »óºÎÀ§Àå°üÇ︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍÇÐȸ ºÎ»ê°æ³² ½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö. ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ ±è±¤ÇÏ ±³¼ö.
Precutting with IT-2 EndoCut I 3-3-2 Dissection with IT-2 Swift coagulation Effect 4, 100W Coagulation with Coagrasper Soft coagulation Effect 4, 800W
10. Other vendors - ERBE ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ȸ»ç Á¦Ç°Àº?
Olympus ESG-100À̶ó´Â ¸ðµ¨ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ERBE VIO 300Dº¸´Ù ¾à°£ ³·Àº »ç¾çÀÇ ¸ðµ¨°°Àºµ¥ APC ±â´ÉÀº ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ÆÁ÷ ½áº¸Áö ¸øÇß½À´Ï´Ù.
ȸ»ç Ä«Å»·Î±×¿¡ ³ª¿Â ¼¼ °¡Áö ÀåÁ¡Àº ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
1) High Power Cut Support (HPCS)
- Enables cutting procedures without initial delays
- Leads to high effectiveness of cutting procedures
2) Fast Spark Monitor (FSM)
- Allows the application of output powers that are as low as possible and as much as necessary
- Reduces leakage currents, optimizes tissue effects and
protects ET instruments
3) Leakage Protection Sensor (LPS)
- Permanently measures the leakage current to earth
- S-cord obsolete --> simpler handling and cost-savings
- Offers highest safety to user and patient
Á¡Â÷ upgradeµÈ ¸ðµ¨ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
[Olympus ESU »ç¿ë ·Ê]
[2019-3-18. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ ÆíÁö]
¼±»ý´Ô ¾È³çÇϼ¼¿ä~. ÃÖ±Ù ÀÌÁ÷À» ÇÏ¸é¼ »õ·Ó°Ô ¾Ë°Ô µÇ´Â°Ô ÀÖ¾î ÃÖ±Ù °³¿ø°¡ ºÀÁ÷ÀǸ¦ ¸¸³ª¼Ì´Ù°í Çϼż µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ±î Á¦ÀÇ °æÇè´ãÀ» º¸³À´Ï´Ù. ¹æ´ëÇÑ ¹é°ú»çÀüÀÎ Endotoday ¹ßÀüÀ» ±â¿øÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌÀü¿¡ ERBE ±¸Çü ¸ðµ¨¸¸ ¾²´Ù°¡ ±¹»êÁ¦Ç°À» »ç¿ë(°³¿ø°¡¿¡¼ ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù) ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
óÀ½¿¡´Â ±â°è°íÀåÀÎ ÁÙ ¾Ë°í ¾÷üÁ÷¿øÀ» ºÒ·¯ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ½Ã¿¬À» È®ÀÎÇÑ °á°ú »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ¿À·¡ ¹ßÆÇÀ» ´·¯¾ß ÀÛµ¿À» ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¿Ü±¹»ê Àåºñ¿¡ ºñÇØ °¨µµ°¡ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ¶³¾îÁ®¼ ±×·¸´Ù´Â ¼³¸íÀ» µé¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Áï, ÀÌ Àåºñ·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§ º¼·ýÁ¶ÀýÀÌ ±â°èµÞ¸é¿¡ ´ÙÀ̾ó ÇüÅ·ΠµÇ¾î Àִµ¥ º¼·ýÀ» ÃÖ´ëÇÑ Å°¿öµµ ¼Ò¸®°¡ ³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é Á¶±Ý ´õ ¹ßÀ» ¿À·¡ ´©¸£°í ½Ã¼úÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±â°è¸¦ Á¦´ë·Î ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ̶ó°í ÇÏ´Ï È¤½Ã °³¿ø°¡·Î ³ª¿Â ÈĹè´ÔµéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ±î º¸³À´Ï´Ù.
1) À̺¸ÀÎ. Á¡¸·ÇϹڸ®¼ú¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÀýÁ¦³ªÀÌÇÁ, Àü±â¼ÒÀ۱ⱸ, ±×¸®°í Á¡¸·ÇÏ ÁÖÀÔ¾×
2) ¹®¿ø. Àü±â¼ö¼ú±â±¸¿Í ÀÌ»óÀûÀÎ Àü·ùÀÇ »ç¿ë: ³ªÀÇ ºñ¹Ð ·¹½ÃÇÇ
3) ·ùÁö°ï. Electrosurgical Unit ÀÌ¿ë (2004, ³»½Ã°æ¼¼¹Ì³ª)
4) ÀåÁø¼®. Á¡¸·ÇϹڸ®±â¹ý (2011. EndoFEST)
5) Matsui. A technical review
6) Fujishiro. ESD for esophageal squamous cell neoplasm
7) ASGE technology evaluation report
9) ERBE ȸ»ç ºê·Î¼Å - ÁÖ·Î Endo Cut Q¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸í
10) Morita. lectrocautery for ESD: settings of the electrical surgical unit VIO300D
12) ERBE»çÀÇ ½ÅÇü electrosurgical unit »ç¿ë ¼³¸í¼ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
© ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¹Ù¸¥³»½Ã°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÀÌÁØÇà. EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.