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1. Sigmoidoscopy¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©

Sigmoidoscopy´Â ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æº¸´Ù ¾à°£ ´ëÀåÁ¤°áÁ¦¸¦ Åõ¿©ÇÏ°í ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â °Ë»çÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ´ëº¯ÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æ½Ç¿¡¼­´Â Á¶±Ý ´ëº¯ÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î Yal enema¸¦ ¿©·¯¹ø ¹Ýº¹ÇÑ ÈÄ °Ë»çÇϱ⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª YalÀ» ¾²´õ¶óµµ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ±ú²ýÇØÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ìµµ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù.

Sigmoidoscopy´Â Ưº°ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀÌ À־ ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â °Ë»çÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ºñ·Ï ¾à°£ÀÇ º¯ÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖ´õ¶óµµ °Ë»çÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇÏ¿´´Ù¸é Yal enema¸¦ ¹Ýº¹ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡ ȯÀÚ´Â Àü¸³¼±¾ÏÀ¸·Î ¼ö¼ú ¹× RT ÈÄ radiation proctitis ¿©ºÎ¸¦ º¸±â À§ÇÑ °Ë»ç¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Á¤µµ º¯ÀÌ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´õ¶óµµ °Ë»ç ¸ñÀûÀº ´Þ¼ºÇÑ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 'Radiation proctitis ¾øÀ½' Á¤µµÀÇ °á·ÐÀ¸·Î °Ë»ç¸¦ ¸¶Ãĵµ ¹«³­ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

Colonoscopy¸¦ ½ÃµµÇÏ¿´À¸³ª cecal intubationÀÌ µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Splenic flexure ÀÌ»ó °üÂûÇÏ¿´´Ù¸é colonoscopy ó¹æÀº ½Ç½ÃÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ÇÏ°í °á°úÁö¿¡ cecal intubationÀÌ µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù°í ±â¼úÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù. Sigmoidoscopy·Î ¹Ù²ã ó¹æÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾øÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. °Ë»çÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀÌ ÀüÇô ´Ù¸¥ °Ë»ç¿´±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


¼ö ³â Àü À§¾Ï ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­ À½½ÄÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖ¾î °Ë»ç°¡ ¾î·Á¿ï ¶§ ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ³íÀÇÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿Ø¸¸Çϸé ÇÑ ¹ø¿¡ °Ë»çÇÑ´Ù·Î Á¤ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡¸¦ Âü°íÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.

À§¾ÏÀ¸·Î subtotal gastrectomy¸¦ ÇÏ°í ¸î °³¿ù ÈÄ ³»½Ã°æ°Ë»ç¿¡¼­´Â ÀûÀýÇÑ ±Ý½Ä¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í À§³»¿¡ À½½ÄÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. À½½Ä¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÜÀ§¸¦ ±¸¼®±¸¼® °üÂûÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô ´Ù½Ã °Ë»çÇϵµ·Ï ±ÇÇÏ´Â ºÐµéµµ °è½Ê´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ ÃæºÐÇÑ ±â°£ÀÌ Áö³ª±â Àü±îÁö ¾à°£ÀÇ delayed gastric emptyingÀº Á¤»óÀ̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

¼ö¼ú ÈÄ Ã¹ ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­ ÁÖ·Î °üÂûÇÏ´Â ºÎºÐÀº anastomosis siteÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¾à°£ÀÇ À½½ÄÀº ¹æÇØ°¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ÆÁÖ Æ¯º°ÇÑ °æ¿ì°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¸é ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô °Ë»ç¸¦ ´Ù½ÃÇϵµ·Ï ±ÇÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç Àü³¯ ¹°À» µå½Ã°Ô ÇÏ¸é ³»½Ã°æ ½Ã¾ß°¡ ÁÁ¾ÆÁø´Ù´Â ¿¬±¸µµ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. (Cho. Gut Liver 2009;3:186-191) ¹°À» µå¸®´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¾º¿© ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. "a soft diet for lunch, fasted from 14:00, and drank 150-200 mL of water at intervals of 10 minutes for a total of 1 L between 19:00-20:00 on the day before endoscopy." Àú´Â º¹ÀâÇÑ protocolÀ» ¼³¸íÇÏÁø ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ´ÜÁö °Ë»çÀü³¯ Àú³á¿¡ ¹°À» ¸¹ÀÌ µå½Ãµµ·Ï ±³À°ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


¼ö¼ú ÈÄ ÃæºÐÇÑ ±â°£ÀÌ Áö³ª±â Àü±îÁö ¾à°£ÀÇ delayed gastric emptyingÀº Á¤»óÀ̶ó°í ¸»¾¸µå¸° ¹Ù ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ ÀÜÀ§¿¡ À½½ÄÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº Á¤»óÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À½½ÄÀÌ Á¶±Ý ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Ù°í °Ë»ç¸¦ ¸øÇß´Ù°í ¸çÄ¥ ÈÄ Àç°ËÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ¿ì±â¸é ¾È µË´Ï´Ù. ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ Àç°ËÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Áö±ÝÀº »ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø¿¡¼­ ±Ù¹«ÇÏ°í °è½Ã´Â ¹èÀç¹® ±³¼ö´Ô²²¼­ ±¹¸³¾Ï¼¾ÅÍ¿¡ °è½Ç ¶§ ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÇϽŠÀûÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (Jung. J Surg Oncol 2008;98:11-14).

¿¯Àº ÆĶõ»öÀÌ À§³»ÀÇ À½½Ä¹°ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ 3°³¿ù¿¡´Â »ó´çÈ÷ ¸¹Àº À½½ÄÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖÀ¸³ª 12°³¿ù, 24 °³¿ù¿¡´Â Á¡Â÷ À½½Ä¹°ÀÌ ÁÙ¾îµì´Ï´Ù.


»ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø¿¡¼­´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ÅëÀÏµÈ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ´ëóÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

- À§¾Ï ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ ÀÜÀ§¿¡´Â ÃæºÐÇÑ ±Ý½Ä ÈÄ¿¡µµ ¾à°£ÀÇ À½½ÄÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖ°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥ ÀÌ´Â ºñÁ¤»ó ¼Ò°ßÀ̶ó±â º¸´Ù´Â Á¤»ó ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ ¼Ò°ßÀ̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
- ºñ·Ï ¾î´À Á¤µµÀÇ À½½ÄÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÏ´õ¶ó°í ¹®Çպθ¦ ÃæºÐÈ÷ °üÂûÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì´Â °Ë»ç¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ÇÏ°í °á°ú¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇÑ´Ù .
- À½½Ä¹°ÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì À½½Ä¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ °Ë»ç°¡ µÇÁö ¸øÇßÀ½À» ¸í±âÇÑ´Ù.
- ÇØ´ç°úÀÇ ¿ä±¸°¡ ÀÖÀ» °æ¿ì Àç°Ë»ç¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÑ´Ù.


2. Adenoma with HGD

2003³â¿¡ EMR ÇÏ¿´´ø Áõ·ÊÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ´ç½ÃÀÇ º´¸®°á°ú´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ´Ü¼øÇß½À´Ï´Ù. Áö±ÝÀº ÈξÀ º¹ÀâÇÏ°Ô º¸°íµË´Ï´Ù.

Stomach, prepyloric antrum, lesser curvature, mucosal resection:
. Adenoma, high grade dysplasia with negative resection margins
. No evidence of malignancy in this specimen


3. Ç¥À缺 ½Äµµ¾Ï

Esophagus, 28cm from incisor, endoscopic submucosal dissection:
Squamous cell carcinoma, possibly intraepithelial (in situ) :
1) tumor size: 0.8x0.7x0.1 cm
2) confined to mucosa (epithelial)
3) resection margin: free from carcinoma
4) lymphatic invasion: not identified
5) venous invasion: not identified
6) perineural invasion: not identified'


4. MALToma

ÀÏ°ß localized Borrmann type IV ó·³ º¸¿´Áö¸¸ ÀÇ¿Ü·Î MALT ¸²ÇÁÁ¾À¸·Î Áø´ÜµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦±ÕÄ¡·á·Î È£ÀüµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¼­ ¹æ»ç¼± Ä¡·á¸¦ ÇÏ¿© °üÇØ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.


5. Duodenal cancer

°ËÁø ³»½Ã°æ Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¿¡¼­ ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå ¾ÏÀÌ ³ª¿Í surgical resectionÀ» ÇÏ¿´°í ¾Æ·¡ °á°ú¸¦ ¾ò¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. 10³â Àü ȯÀÚÀε¥.... ¿äÁò °°¾Æ¼­´Â ³»½Ã°æ ÀýÁ¦¼úÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´À» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

Duodenum, periampullary, partial resection:
Adenocarcinoma, well differentiated with background adenoma:
1) tumor size: 0.6x0.3 cm
2) confined within lamina propria (carcinoma in-situ)
3) negative resection margin


6. Rectal carcinoid

Rectum, mucosal resection :
Carcinoid tumor;
1) tumor size: 1.2x1.2x0.5 cm
2) negative resection margins (less than 1mm apart from deep resection margin)

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