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[KINGCA Week 2014 (Korea International Gastric Cancer Week)]

5¿ù 15ÀϺÎÅÍ 17ÀϱîÁö ´ëÀü¿¡¼­ KINGCA (Korean International Gastric Cancer Week) 2014°¡ ÁøÇàÁßÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À§¾ÏÇÐȸ¿¡¼­ ÁغñÇÑ ±¹Á¦ÇÐȸÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÃÑȸ¿¡¼­ ¹Ì¼Ç°ú ºñÀüÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.


[2014-5-15] Robotic surgery¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö

·Îº¿°ú °ü·ÃµÈ ÇÕº´ÁõÀº ¾î´À Á¤µµÀϱî¿ä? ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ¿¬±¸ °á°ú´Â º¹°­°æ ¼ö¼ú°ú ºñ½ÁÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °ÆÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´ø ·Îº¿¿¡ uniqueÇÑ ÇÕº´ÁõÀº °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Ù°í Çϳ׿ä. ÇöÀç ·Îº¿°ú º¹°­°æÀ» ºñ±³ÇÏ´Â ¿¬±¸°¡ ÁøÇàµÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸´Ï °á°ú¸¦ ±â´Ù·Á¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù (NCT01309256). ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿¬±¸°¡ °ú¿¬ Ÿ´çÇÑ°¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ comment°¡ ¸¹¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº Áú¹®À» Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ºÐÀ§±â¸¦ ±ú´Â µíÇÑ Áú¹®À̶ó Á¶±Ý µÞ°ñÀÌ µû°©±â´Â ÇßÁö¸¸...

Except for the money issue, robot gastrectomy is promising and quite safe and may be interesting for doctors. We can see more and more medical evidence. However, most discussions seems to be surgeon-oriented. I am an endoscopist doing endoscopic submucosal dissection. Patients can understand the advantage of ESD very easily. I am not sure what's the advantage of robot gastrectomy for the patients. So, my silly question is why so many patients are choosing robot gastrectomy.

ÇÑ ¿¬ÀÚÀÇ °á·ÐÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. "Robot gastrectomy in gastric cancer is still controversial comparing to the conventional open and laparoscopic surgery. However, reported publications claim that this procedure is feasible and not inferior to conventional surgery. More strong evidence by clinical trials is required in the future."

±×·¸½À´Ï´Ù. ÇöÀç±îÁö ·Îº¿°ú º¹°­°æÀº ºñ½ÁÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ º¸ÀÌ°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô Ưº°ÇÑ ÀÕÁ¡Àº ¾ø¾î º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À̹ø ·Îº¿ ½ÉÆ÷Áö¾öÀ» ´Ù µè°í ³­ ¼Ò°¨À» Á¤¸®ÇÏ¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°½À´Ï´Ù. "¾ÆÁ÷ º¯È­´Â ¾ø´Ù. º¹°­°æ ¼ö¼úÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù¸é º¹°­°æ ¼ö¼úÀÌ ÃÖ¼±ÀÌ´Ù."


[2014-5-16. Ãß°¡] ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ÇØ°áÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ¹®Á¦µµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ·Îº¿ À§ÀýÁ¦¼ú°ú º¹°­°æ ¼ö¼úÀ» ºñ±³ÇÑ ¿©·¯ ¿¬±¸ °á°ú´Â impressiveÇÑ Â÷À̸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖÁö ¸øÇß½À´Ï´Ù. NECA¿¡¼­µµ ¸ÞŸ¿¬±¸¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿© ºñ½ÁÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ º¸¿´°í, ¿©·¯ ¾ð·Ð¿¡¼­µµ ÀÌ À̽´¸¦ ´Ù·é ¹Ù ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (¾Æ·¡ ±×¸²À» clickÇØ ÁÖ¼¼¿ä). ±×·¯³ª ¿Ü°úÀÇ»çµéÀÌ ´À³¢´Â ÀåÁ¡Àº ¹«¾ùÀϱî¿ä? ¸î ºÐ°ú Åä·ÐÇØ º¸¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

¿©·¯ºÐ°ú Àå½Ã°£ Åä·Ð ³¡¿¡ Á¦°¡ ³»¸° °á·ÐÀº "·Îº¿ À§ÀýÁ¦¼úÀ» ¹ö¸± ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù"´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¾î¶»°Ôµç ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÏ°í (µ¶Á¡±¸Á¶¸¦ ±ú¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù), ±¹¹ÎÀ̳ª Á¤Ã¥ ´ç±¹ÀÚ¸¦ ¼³µæÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ³í¸®¸¦ °³¹ßÇÏ¿© ºÒ¾¾´Â »ì·ÁµÑ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.


[2014-5-16. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ (K´ë ¼ÒÈ­±â³»°ú ±³¼ö) ÀÇ°ß] º¸³»ÁֽŠ±Û °¨»çÈ÷ Àаí ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ·Îº¿ ¼ö¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇØ »ó´çÈ÷ °æ°èÇÏ´Â ÀÇ°ßÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿Ü°ú ÀÇ»çµéÀÌ ÀÌ·± Àú·± ÀåÁ¡À» ³ª¿­ÇÏÁö¸¸, ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ÀåÁ¡µéÀº ÀÇ»ç À§ÁÖÀÇ ÀåÁ¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ³ªÀÌ ¸Ô¾î¼­µµ ¼ö¼úÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, º¸Á¶ÀÚ ¾øÀ̵µ ¼ö¼úÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, µîµî... ÇÏÁö¸¸, ȯÀÚ À§ÁÖÀÇ ÀåÁ¡µéÀº ±×·¸°Ô ¶Ñ·ÇÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ÀϺΠÇغÎÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î ·Îº¿ ¼ö¼úÀÌ À¯¸®ÇÏ´Ù´Â µ¥¿¡´Â µ¿ÀÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­, ÀÇ»ç À§ÁÖÀÇ ÀåÁ¡µéÀº ÁÖ·Î ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ¸·Î ÇØ°áÀ» Çϰųª ¼ö¼ú º¸Á¶ Àü¹® ÀηÂÀ» ¾²°Å³ª µîµî... ´Ù¸¥ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ±Øº¹ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹®Á¦´Â ÀûÀÀÁõÀÎ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ·Îº¿ ¼ö¼úÀÌ À¯¸®ÇÑ ÀϺΠ¼ö¼úµµ ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¸¹Àº º´¿ø¿¡¼­ ¹«ºÐº°ÇÏ°Ô °í°¡ÀÇ ¼ö¼úÀ» ³ÐÀº ÀûÀÀÁõÀ¸·Î À¯Çàó·³ ¸¹Àº ȯÀڵ鿡°Ô ÀûÀÀÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹®Á¦¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ·Îº¿¼ö¼úÀÌ ´õ ÀûÀÀÀÌ µÇ´Â ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÑ È¯ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ½Ã¼úÇÑ´Ù¸é °¡Àå ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÒ °Í °°Áö¸¸, Çö½ÇÀº ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀº °Í °°¾Æ Á¶±Ý ¾Æ½±½À´Ï´Ù.

[2014-5-16. ÀÌÁØÇà ´äº¯] ÁÁÀº ÀÇ°ß °¨»çÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àúµµ ºñ½ÁÇÏ°Ô »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ ÀÔÀåÀÇ ÀåÁ¡Àº ¾àÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀϺΠ¿Ü°úÀÇ»çµéÀÌ ÀÇ»çÀÔÀå¿¡¼­ ´À³¢´Â ÀåÁ¡À» ¸»ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ» »ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µ¿ÀÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù°í ±×³É ¸ù¶¥ ¹ö¸®±â´Â ¾Æ±õ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À߸¸ ¾²¸é ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °æ¿ì°¡ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ï±î¿ä. °¡°Ý¸¸ ³·¾ÆÁø´Ù¸é º¹°­°æ°ú °øÁ¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î¿ä? Á¦°¡ ³Ê¹« ¼øÁøÇÑ°¡¿ä? ¿©ÇÏÆ° ÁÁÀº ÀÇ°ß °¨»çÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


½º½ÂÀÇ ³¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Àº»ç´ÔÀ» ã¾ÆºËÁö ¸øÇØ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¹«°Ì½À´Ï´Ù.

¾îÁ¦ ¿À´Ã »çÀÌ¿¡ ²É°ú ¿ÍÀΰú ÆíÁö¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. Á¤¸» Áñ°Ì½À´Ï´Ù. ÆíÁö¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÕÆíÁö´Â ´Ã ¹Ý°©½À´Ï´Ù.


15ÀÏ ¸ñ¿äÀÏ ¿ÀÈÄ 3½Ã 20ºÐ. Education session¿¡¼­ °æºÏ´ë Àü¼º¿ì ±³¼ö²²¼­ ESDÀü¹Ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °­ÀǸ¦ Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ commentÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸½À´Ï´Ù. ESDÇÏ´Ù°¡ ȯÀÚ°¡ Á×À» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌ Á¡À» ÀØÁö ¸»¾Æ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

I agree that there is no published report on ESD-related mortality. Physicians usually don't report their failures. But there are some ESD-related mortalities in the real clinical practice. I saw an abstract in a conference about ESD-related death, and there must be some more hidden cases. We need to collect data on ESD-related severe complications. ESD is not a mortality-free procedure.


[5¿ù 16ÀÏ ±Ý¿äÀÏ ¿ÀÀü 7½Ã 30ºÐ Meet the professor session]

¾Æ»êº´¿ø Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ¼±»ý´Ô²²¼­ How to reduce selection bias in ESD¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Èï¹Ì·Î¿î °­ÀÇ ÈÄ µ¿¿µ»óÀ» º¸¿© Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù. 7¸íÀÌ ¸ð¿© ¿­¶í Åä·ÐÀ» ÇÑ Áñ°Ì°í À¯ÀÍÇÑ ½Ã°£À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡´Â Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ±³¼ö´ÔÀÇ key slide ³»¿ëÀ» ¿Å±ä °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

1) Meaing of selection bias

2) Causes of selection bias? Pre-ESD

3) Causes of selection bias? Post-ESD

4) Regarding endoscopists' skill

5) Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ¼±»ý´ÔÀÇ comment


[5¿ù 16ÀÏ ±Ý¿äÀÏ ¿ÀÀü 8½Ã 30ºÐ ESD ½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö]

1) Treatment outcomes of high grade dysplasia in Korea. ¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ ±èÁöÇö

Àú´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº Áú¹®À» Çß½À´Ï´Ù. "13%of HGD was actually a caner in the ESD specimen. How many of them required surgery? By the experience in my institution SMC, surgery rate for this group of patients (HGD in biopsy and cancer in ESD specimen) was 12.9%."

Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ±³¼ö´Ô²²¼­´Â chromoendoscopy ÈÄ ¿ÀÈ÷·Á º´º¯À» underestimationÇÏ¿© lateral margin¿¡ tumor involvement°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÄÚ¸ÇÆ®¸¦ Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ»êº´¿ø¿¡¼­ HGD·Î ESDÇÑ È¯ÀÚ 315¸í Áß 53%ÀÎ 166¸íÀÌ ¾ÏÀ¸·Î ÃÖÁ¾Áø´ÜµÇ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ»êº´¿ø 53%, ¿¬¼¼´ëº´¿ø 44.6%, »ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø 34.1%ÀÎ ¼ÀÀÔ´Ï´Ù. º´¿ø°£¿¡ ¾à°£ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â ÀÖÁö¸¸ ¾ÆÁÖ Å©Áö´Â ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.


2) Pathologic interpretation of difficult ESD specimen. À»Áö´ëÇб³ º´¸®°ú °­µ¿¿í

ÀÌ Áú¹®À» ÇÏ°í ½Í¾ú´Âµ¥ ½Ã°£ÀÌ ¾ø¾î¼­ ¸ø Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ÈŸ±õ½À´Ï´Ù. "You classified mucinous adenocarcinoma as undifferentiated type. Then mucinous adenocarcinoma cannot be a candidate for ESD. However, there is a report that mucinous adenocarcinoma can be classified into high grade and low grade. In this scheme, low grade mucinous adenocarcinoma can be classified into differentiated type, and ESD can be done for this low grade mucinous adenocarcinoma."


3) Current issues in ESD. ¿ï»ê´ëÇб³ Á¤ÈÆ¿ë

Expanded indication¿¡¼­ ¸²ÇÁÀý ÀüÀÌ°¡ ¾ø´Ù´Â ÀϺ» µ¥ÀÌŸ¿Í ´Þ¸® ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó µ¥ÀÌŸ¿¡¼­´Â ÀûÁö¸¸ ÀϺο¡¼­´Â ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¸²ÇÁÀý ÀüÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î SM1À¸·Î ESDÈÄ °£ÀüÀÌ°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ È¯ÀÚ°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ Suzuki µîÀº Endoscopy 2013:45;93-97¿¡ submucosal cancer·Î ESD ÈÄ »ç¸ÁÇÑ È¯ÀÚ 4¸íÀ» º¸°íÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ¸ðµÎ non-curative resectionÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Áß lymphatic invasionÀÌ ÀÖ´ø 2¸íÀº ¼ö¼úÀ» Çߴµ¥µµ »ç¸ÁÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ª½Ã lymphatic invasionÀº ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ risk factorÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


[2014-5-16. ESD session¿¡¼­ÀÇ ÀÌÁØÇà °­ÀÇ]

2014³â 5¿ù 16ÀÏ ¿À´Ã ¿ÀÀü ù ¼¼¼Ç¿¡ Á¦°¡ Differences between pre-ESD and post-ESD diagnosis¶ó´Â Á¦¸ñÀ¸·Î °­ÀÇÇÒ ¿¹Á¤ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀϺΠ³»¿ëÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼­ ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó »ç¶÷À» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ¿µ¾î·Î °­ÀÇÇÏ·Á´Ï ¹«Ã´ Èûµì´Ï´Ù. Çã¿ï ÁÁÀº ±¹Á¦ÇÐȸ¶ó´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» »¡¸® ¾ø¾Ö¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó »ç¶÷³¢¸® ¿ì¸®¸»·Î Åä·ÐÇÏ°í ½Í½À´Ï´Ù. ¹«½¼ ½Ä¹ÎÁöµµ ¾Æ´Ï°í ¿Ø~~~

This is a very famous table for expanded indication. Three boxes in group B are expanded indications for ESD. However, the yellow box, group C, is considered to be an expanded indication by some endoscopists. So, there are two different definitions for expanded indications of ESD. Only B versus B and C. We need to be very careful when we read literatures on expanded indications.

There is an important thing that we sometimes forget. Indications are different from criteria. Indication is something that we consider before the treatment. Criteria is something we consider after the treatment. In this regard, selection of patients for ESD can be different from selection of patients for additional surgery after ESD.

This is an algorithm from a Japanese literature. ESD candidates are selected by the absolute indications. Expanded indications are not considered for ESD in this flowchart. After ESD and histological assessment, you can see the concept of expanded criteria. When the lesion is slightly over the standard guideline criteria, you can choose close follow-up rather than additional surgery. So this group of patients was originally considered as an absolute indication, but after ESD they were changed into expanded criteria. So, indication and criteria is different in terms of the timing. Indication is before ESD, criteria is after ESD. We should not confuse them. But until now, the two terminologies are used interchangeably. I don¡¯t like it.

For the last 10 years, we did almost two thousand endoscopic resections for gastric cancers. In the technical aspects, the complete resection rate was 97% for cancers in the absolute indication, and it is 89% for beyond absolute indication cases. This is an example of data analysis based on post-ESD diagnostic groups.

In this flowchart, there was no case of recurrence in expanded indication group. Then, ESD for expanded indications is really safe? Stop. Take a moment. We need to be careful. Actually, most cases were considered as absolute indications, so the exact terminology is expanded criteria group rather than expanded indication group. I think expanded criteria group is safe after ESD, but expanded indication group before ESD may be different.

So I can say again that expanded criteria group after ESD is safe. But expanded indication group before ESD, we don¡¯t know yet.

Before further discussion, I¡¯d like to show you my conceptual framework of early gastric cancers. Some cases of EGC are absolute indications for ESD. Others are EGC beyond absolute indication. BAI. Considering expanded indications, some cases can be called EGC beyond expanded indication. BEI.

Before further discussion, I¡¯d like to show you my conceptual framework of early gastric cancers. Some cases of EGC are absolute indications for ESD. Others are EGC beyond absolute indication. BAI. Considering expanded indications, some cases can be called EGC beyond expanded indication. BEI.

To put it simply, 7% were downgraded after the treatment, and 20% were upgraded after the treatment. It¡¯s a huge difference.

This is the treatment modalities for various gastric neoplasms by the pretreatment diagnostic groups. For early gastric cancers in the absolute indications, 90% were initially treated by ESD. Among them, additional surgeries were required in 16 percent. For early gastric cancers beyond absolute indications, 7 percent were initially treated by ESD. Among them, additional surgeries were required in 23%. In general, 20% of all gastric cancers were treated by endoscopy alone in our institution.

This flow diagram shows how we handled absolute indication early gastric cancers by the pretreatment diagnostic groups. Among 355 early gastric cancers initially treated by ESD, 119 cases, this is 34 percent, belonged to the beyond absolute indication group. Ten percent of patients in the absolute indication group were initially treated by surgery, and you can see the reason in the box at the corner. Suspicious lymphadenopathy was the most common reason for surgery.

We also found that the rate of additional surgery was different by the pretreatment diagnostic groups. In groups of EGC of absolute indication before ESD, additional surgery rate was 16%, but it was 21% for patients in beyond absolute indication EGCs.

As I mentioned before, pretreatment expanded indication cases are different from post-treatment expanded indication cases in terms of the rate of complete resection and the rate of additional surgery. 80% of cases in post-treatment expanded indication cases were considered as absolute indication before ESD. 24% of pretreatment expanded indication cases are actually beyond expanded indication after ESD.

For patient with pretreatment expanded indication group, how would you explain the rate of complete resection or additional surgery after ESD? Complete resection rate will be 85 percent or 95% depending on your choice of data analysis. And I think data analysis based on pretreatment diagnostic groups is more relevant when we decide initial treatment options.

Ladies and gentlemen, I'd like to wrap up my short presentation. Selection of ESD candidates can be subjective. More effort for standardization is required. Indications are different from criteria. We need to be careful when reading the literatures. At least 20% of patients are upgraded after endoscopic or surgical resection of gastric neoplasms.

Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¿¡¼­ poorly differentiated ȤÀº signet ring cell carcinoma·Î ³ª¿Ô´Âµ¥ ¼ö¼úÀ̳ª ESD ÈÄ well ¶Ç´Â moderately differentiated·Î ³ª¿Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¾î´À Á¤µµÀÎÁö Áú¹®ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥ Á¤È®È÷ ´äÇÏÁö ¸øÇß½À´Ï´Ù.


[2014-5-16 ¿ÀÀü 10½Ã 30ºÐ. GIST ½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö]

1) Neoadjuvant imatinib for non-metastatic GISTs: indications and resuls. ¼­¿ï´ëÇб³ ÀÓ¼®¾È

Áõ·Ê°¡ Èï¹Ì·Î¿ü½À´Ï´Ù. À§Ã¼»óºÎ Àüº®ÀÇ Á¾±«Àε¥ ³»½Ã°æ Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç´Â poorly cohesive adenocarcinoma¶ó°í ³ª¿ÔÀ¸³ª CT ¼Ò°ßÀ» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î GIST¸¦ ÀǽÉÇÏ°í º´¸® ½½¶óÀ̵带 Àç°ËÇÏ°í c-kit ¿°»öÀ» ´Ù½ÃÇÏ¿© epithelioid typeÀÇ GIST·Î Áø´ÜÇÏ°í imatinibÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ Áõ·Ê¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ImatinibÀ¸·Î Áúº´ÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø¾îÁ³´Ù°¡ setallite noduleÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿© ¼ö¼úÀ» Çß´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. º´¸®°á°ú¸¸ º¸Áö ¸»°í CT »çÁøÀ» Àß µé¿©´ÙºÁ¾ß ÇÒ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


2) Role of PET-CT fir GISTs: preoperative risk evaluation and during chemotherapy. ¿øÀڷº´¿ø ÀÓÀÏÇÑ

Imatinib »ç¿ë ÀÏÁÖÀÏ ÈÄ PET¸¦ ¹Ýº¹Çϸé response ¿©ºÎ¸¦ ÀÏÂï ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. CT¿¡¼­ Å©±â°¡ ÁÙ¾îµé±â ÀüºÎÅÍ PETÀÇ signalÀÌ ¾àÇØÁö±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Early metabolic response¶ó°í ºÎ¸£´Â ¸ð¾çÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


3) Laparoscopic resection strategy for GISTs. ¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ ±èÁ¾¿ø

2010³â NCCN¿¡¼­´Â 5cm ÀÌÇÏ GIST´Â º¹°­°æÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù (may be¶ó´Â ¿ë¾î°¡ »ç¿ëµÊ). ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â 5cm°¡ ³Ñ´Â GIST¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¹°­°æÄ¡·á°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ½ÃÇàµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 2014³â NCCN¿¡¼­´Â Å©±â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ð±Þ´Ï »ç¶óÁ³´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´ÜÁö À§Ä¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ð±ÞÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í Çϳ׿ä (in favorable anatomic location, greater curvature or anterior wall).


[2014-5-16. Oral presentation (ESD)]

¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³¿¡¼­ 'Is new criteria for mixed histology is necessary for endoscopic resection in EGC?'¶ó´Â Á¦¸ñÀÇ ¹ßÇ¥¸¦ ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦°¡ Èï¹Ì·Ó°Ô º» °ÍÀº Japanese classificationÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ÈçÈ÷ ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ ¸»ÇÏ´Â differentiated cancer´Â WHO ºÐ·ù·Î well-differentiated¿Í moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma¸¦ ÇÕÇÑ °Í°ú ºñ½ÁÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ À̹ø ¹ßÇ¥¸¦ º¸´Ï ÀϺ» ºÐ·ù¿¡¼­ differentiated°¡ 49.7%ÀÎ ¹Ý¸é well-differentiated¿Í moderately-differentiated adenocarcinomaÀÇ ÇÕÀº 48%¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Áï 2% Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ È¯ÀÚµéÀº ¾î¶² Á¶Á÷ÇÐÀû Ư¡ÀÎ ÀÖ´ÂÁö ±Ã±ÝÇÒ »ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀϺ» ºÐ·ù¸¦ WHO ºÐ·ù¿Í mappingÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀº ¹«Ã´ ¾î·Á¿î ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 2 ÇÁ·Î ºÎÁ·ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


¾îÁ¦ º¸³½ À§¾Ï Áõ·Ê 28¿¡¼­ Á¦°¡ "ÇÊÀÚ´Â Æò¼Ò 10°³ÀÇ Á¶±âÀ§¾ÏÀ» Áø´ÜÇÏ´Â °Íº¸´Ù 1°³ÀÇ º¸¸¸ 4Çü ÁøÇ༺À§¾ÏÀ» ³õÄ¡Áö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ ´õ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í °­Á¶ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù"¶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ÇÑ ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ÀÇ°ßÀ» º¸³»Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¶ÇÇÑ ¿ÇÀº ¸»¾¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¾Ï Àú ¾Ï ¸ðµÎ ³õÄ¡Áö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡Àå ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù.

[2014-5-16. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ comment] Àú´Â EGC 1°³ Áø´ÜÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ AGC B-IV 10°³ Áø´ÜÇÏ´Â °Íº¸´Ù Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î EGC Áø´Ü½Ã¿¡´Â survival, QOL, treatment modality µîÀÌ º¯Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÇØ´ç ȯÀÚÀÇ ÀλýÀ» Á¿ìÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, AGC B-IV´Â °ÅÀÇ º¯ÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À§¾Ï °ËÁøÀÇ ¹æÇâÀÌ ÀÏÂ÷¿¹¹æ(Á¦±ÕÄ¡·á) + ÀÌÂ÷¿¹¹æ(Correa °¡¼³À» µû¸£´Â ¾ÏÀÇ Á¶±âÁø´Ü)À¸·Î Á¼ÇôÁö°í ÀÖ´Â °Íµµ ÀÌ ¶§¹®À̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àü¹®°¡µéÀÌ pepsinogen+Hp Ab combination test·Î ³õÄ¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À§¾Ï(de novo carcinogenesis¸¦ µû¸£´Â ¾Ï)¿¡ Å©°Ô Àǹ̸¦ µÎÁö ¾Ê´Â °Íµµ ¸¶Âù°¡Áö ÀÌÀ¯¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


2014³â 5¿ù 17ÀÏ Bariatric surgery symposium

1. Setup & settling down metabolic & bariatric surgery. ¼øõÇâ´ëÇб³ Çã°æ¿­

¼ö¼ú ÀÌ¿Ü¿¡ Endobarrier¶ó´Â ³»½Ã°æÄ¡·á°¡ ¼Ò°³µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â °æÇèÀÌ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼­ ¾ÆÁ÷ ¾Æ¹«µµ °æÇèÀÌ ¾ø´Â °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

¸¶Áö¸· ½½¶óÀ̵åÁ¦¸ñÀº Think outside the box: We have to change our strategy¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·± ³»¿ëÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.


2. Surgical options for failed bariatric procedures. Keith C. Kim (Florida Hospital)


3. Recent results and issues ontype II DM between SG and RYGB. °í·Á´ëÇб³ ¹Ú¼º¼ö

ÃÖ±Ù ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­´Â sleeve gastrectomy°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ½ÃÇàµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª randomized trial¿¡¼­´Â sleeve gastrectomyÀÇ remissin rate°¡ 34%·Î bypass surgeryÀÇ 61%º¸´Ù ³·¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ºñ·Ï BMI¿¡ µû¶ó È¿°ú´Â ´Ù¸£Áö¸¸... Pure metabolic effect of sleeve gastrectomy may be lessened for BMI < 35.

@ ÀÌÁØÇà ÄÚ¸ÇÆ®. ±¹¹ÎµéÀÌ ¿îµ¿Çϱ⠽¬¿î ȯ°æÀ» ¸¸µé°í, ÀÚµ¿Â÷¸¦ Àû°Ô ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ°í ´ëÁß±³ÅëÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ°í ¸¹ÀÌ °Èµµ·Ï ¸¸µé°í, ÁÁÀº À½½ÄÀ» Àû´çÈ÷ ¸Ôµµ·Ï Àå·ÁÇÏ°í, üÁß°¨¼Ò¸¦ À¯µµÇÏ°í....... ÀÌ·± ³ë·ÂÀÌ Á» ´õ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ¿äÁò ´ç´¢ ±âÁØÀÌ Á¡Â÷ °­È­µÇ¸é¼­ ÀÌ·¯´Ù°¡´Â Àü±¹¹ÎÀÌ ´ç´¢º´ ȯÀÚ°¡ µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î °ÆÁ¤µË´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ¿Ü°úÀÇ»çµéÀÇ ³ë·ÂÀ» Á» ´õ ÁöÄѺ¸·Á°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ºÎµð °úÀ×Ä¡·á°¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶ø´Ï´Ù. ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ³»°úÀÇ»ç´Â ¾àÀ» ³Ê¹« ¸¹ÀÌ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶ø´Ï´Ù. Áö³ªÄ§Àº ºÎÁ·ÇÔº¸´Ù ¸øÇÑ ¹ýÀ̴ϱî¿ä.


2014³â 5¿ù 17ÀÏ ESD symposium (Pros: °æÈñ´ëÇб³ ÀåÀ翵, Cons: ´Ü±¹´ëÇб³ Áö¿¹¼·)

Àú´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¹ß¾ðÀ» Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

Not a question, but a comment. I am an endoscopist, but I am not with expanded indication. Indication and criteria is different. Expanded criteria may be OK, but expanded indication is too dangerous. The most important thing in this issue is that we doctors should provided best available treatment to the patients. After ESD for EGC, at least 10% of patients are indicated for surgery. In the real clinical practice, some of them refuse surgery. In some institution (maybe due to insufficient patient education), as much as 50% of patients refuse to be operated after ESD. That group of patients have high risk of recurrence, and most endoscopists already experienced sad stories of distant metastasis. In my opinion, the most important thing may be pre-ESD education. When surgery is required, surgery should be done. Without enough education and discussion, patients' choice cannot be an excuse for suboptimal treatment. Education is more important before ESD than before surgery.

Patient's preference°¡ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù´Â floorÀÇ comment°¡ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù (Y´ëÇÐ ±³¼ö). µ¿ÀÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Á¶°ÇÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ¸»ÇÏ°í ½Í¾úÀ¸³ª ½Ã°£ÀÌ ¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î µ¿ÀÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àúµµ ȯÀÚÀÇ ¼±ÅÃÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àڱ⠸öÀ̹ǷΠÀڱⰡ ÃÖÁ¾°áÁ¤À» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸Â½À´Ï´Ù. ´ç¿¬ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¸¸ Àú´Â ÃÖÁ¾°áÁ¤ÀÇ Á¶°ÇÀ» ¸»ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Á¦°¡ ³íÇÏ°í ½ÍÀº °ÍÀº ȯÀÚ°¡ ¼ö¼úÀ» °ÅºÎÇϱâ Àü¿¡, Áï ÇöÀç ±âÁØÀ¸·Î suboptimal treatment¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇϱâ Àü¿¡ (1) °øÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÃæºÐÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°ø ¹Þ¾Ò´Â°¡, (2) °á°ú°¡ ³ª»¦À» ¶§ ¾î¶² ÀÏÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑÁö ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í Àִ°¡ (»ç½Ç ¸¹Àº ȯÀÚµéÀÌ Àç¹ßÇÏ¸é ±× ¶§ ¼ö¼ú¹ÞÁö ¹¹... Á¤µµ·Î »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¼ö¼úÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ð¸£´Â °ÍÀÌÁö¿ä. Á×À» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ð¸£´Â °ÍÀÌÁö¿ä), (3) ÀÇ·áÁø°ú »óÀÇÇÒ ÃæºÐÇÑ ±âȸ¸¦ Á¦°ø¹Þ¾Ò´Â°¡, (4) Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ±ÞÇÏ°Ô È¤Àº ±ÇÀ§ÀûÀÎ ºÐÀ§±â¿¡¼­ °áÁ¤µÈ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ñ°¡ µîµîÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÇ»çÀÇ ¾ç½É¿¡ ¾î±ß³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â ÃæºÐÇÏ°íµµ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ±³À°°ú Æí¾ÈÇÑ ºÐÀ§±âÀÇ Àå½Ã°£ »ó´ã µîÀ» »ý·«ÇÏ°í ±×³É È¯ÀÚÀÇ ¼±ÅÃÀ̶ó´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î suboptimal treatment¸¦ ¿ëÀÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¹Ý´ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ°¡ ³ª»Û ¼±ÅÃÀ» ÇÏÁö ¸øÇϵµ·Ï ³ë·ÂÇÏ´Â °Íµµ ÀÇ»çÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀÔ´Ï´Ù..



Àá½Ã «À» ³»¼­ µ¿Çл翡 ´Ù³à¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. ±× À¯¸íÇÑ ºñ±¸´Ï Àý.


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´ëÀüÄÁº¥¼Ç¼¾ÅÍ ¹Ù·Î °Ç³ÊÆí¿¡ °ñÇÁÁ¸¿¡¼­ Å« °Ç¹°À» Áþ°í ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ º®¿¡ ºÙ¾îÀÖ´Â ¸ðÅä°¡ ¸¾¿¡ µé¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. /±â/º»/ÀÌ/Çõ/½Å/ÀÌ/´Ù/


[References]

1) À§¾ÏÇÐȸ ÇмúÇà»ç on-line Áß°è

© ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¹Ù¸¥³»½Ã°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÀÌÁØÇà. EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.