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[Dr. Sinn's LiverTODAY 019 - Beta adrenergic blockade and decompensated cirrhosis]

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À̹ø ÁÖ´Â beta adrenergic blockade and decompensated cirrhosis¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ëÀÔ´Ï´Ù (Reiberger T and Mandorfer M. J Hepatology 2017). NSBB (Non-selective beta-blockers) »ç¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇØ Àß Á¤¸®µÈ Review·Î °ü½ÉÀÖÀ¸½Å ºÐµéÀº Àо½Ã±æ ±ÇÇص帳´Ï´Ù.

Non-selective beta-blockers (NSBBs) remain the cornerstone of medical treatment of portal hypertension. The evidence for their efficacy to prevent variceal bleeding is derived from prospective trials, which largely excluded patients with refractory ascites and renal failure. In parallel to the increasing knowledge on portal hypertension-induced changes in systemic hemodynamics, cardiac function, and renal perfusion, emerging studies have raised concerns about harmful effects of NSBBs. Clinicians are facing an ongoing controversy on the use of NSBBs in patients with advanced cirrhosis. On the one hand, NSBBs are effective in preventing variceal bleeding and might also have beneficial non-hemodynamic effects, however, they also potentially induce hypotension and limit the cardiac reserve. An individualized NSBB regimen tailored to the specific pathophysiological stage of cirrhosis might optimize patient management at this point. This article aims to give practical recommendations on the use of NSBBs in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

Review¿¡¼­ key points·Î Á¤¸®ÇØ ³õÀº ºÎºÐµéÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

1. Non-selective betablockers (NSBBs) represent the cornerstone of pharmacological treatment of portal hypertension.

2. NSBBs also exert nonhemodynamic beneficial effects in patients with cirrhosis and seem to increase survival patients with ACLF.

3. Ascites per se is not a contraindication for NSBB treatment.

4. Carvedilol should not be used in patients with severe ascites due to higher risk of inducing arterial hypotension

5. Patients with sepsis, SBP and HRS who are in need for vasopressor treatment should have their NSBBs treatment interrupted.

6. Low doses of propranolol (680 mg per day) seem to be safe and effective in patients with severe or refractory ascites.

7. Patients should be evaluated for TIPS in case of NSBB intolerance in secondary prophylaxis especially if refractory ascites is present as well.


[Comment]

¿ì¸®³ª¶ó °£°æº¯Áõ °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡ º¸¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¹®±¸°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

"ºñ¼±ÅÃÀû º£Å¸Â÷´ÜÁ¦ÀÇ ¿ë·®Àº ¾ÈÁ¤ ½Ã ½É¹Úµ¿¼ö°¡ 25% °¨¼ÒÇϰųª ºÐ´ç 55ȸ¿¡ À̸¦ ¶§±îÁö ȤÀº ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¶§±îÁö Á¶ÀýÇÑ´Ù. Çѱ¹ÀÎÀÇ ¹®¸Æ¾Ð °¨¼Ò¸¦ º¸ÀÌ´Â propranololÀÇ ÀûÁ¤¿ë·®Àº Æò±Õ 160 mg/ÀÏ À̾ú´Ù."

ÀÌÈÄ Àú´Â propranololÀ» °¡´ÉÇÑ °í¿ë·®À¸·Î »ç¿ëÇØ º¸·Á°í ÇÏ´Ù°¡ ºÎÀÛ¿ë ¹ß»ýÀ¸·Î °í»ýÇÑ ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. PropranololÀÇ ÀûÁ¤¿ë·®À» °áÁ¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì ¾î·Á¿î ¹®Á¦ÀÎ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. À̹ø Review¿¡¼­µµ ¾Æ·¡ º¸°í°¡ ¾ð±ÞµÇ¾ú´Âµ¥, propranololÀ» °í¿ë·®À¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¿ÀÈ÷·Á »ýÁ¸À²À» °¨¼Ò½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ¾î À§ÇèÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â º¸°íÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Keep the sick from harm in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: Dose of beta blockers matters. J Hepatol 2016

ÀÌ·± ÀÚ·áµéÀ» º¸¸é propranololÀÇ ÀûÁ¤¿ë·®À» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ ¹®Á¦·Î º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. NSBBs ¿ë·®Àº º¸Åë ½É¹Ú¼ö¸¦ 55-60 bpmÀ¸·Î Á¶ÀýÇϸ®°í ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. À̹ø Review¿¡¼­ ÀúÀÚµéÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº dose titration strategy¸¦ ±ÇÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥, ´«¿©°Ü º¼ ¸¸ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

With regard to propranolol, we would recommend a dose titration strategy as following: first week: propranolol 20 mg in the morning and in the evening; second week: 20 mg in the morning and 40 mg in the evening, third week: 40 mg b.i.d. (twice a day); fourth week (if well tolerated): 40 mg morning, 20-40 mg at lunchtime, 40 mg in the evening. In our experience, a significant proportion of patients do not achieve hemodynamic response to propranolol doses <80 mg/d while 80-120 mg/d are generally well tolerated in most patients and yield higher hemodynamic response rates. For patients with severe ascites we prefer propranolol to carvedilol.

SMC¿¡¼­´Â propranololÀ» 10mg bid·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÒ °ÍÀ» Àü°øÀÇ ¼±»ý´Ôµé¿¡°Ô ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç HR ¹× ºÎÀÛ¿ë, ƯÈ÷ ÀúÇ÷¾Ð ¹ß»ý À¯¹«¸¦ »ìÆ캸°í ÃÖÁ¾ dose¸¦ Á¶ÀýÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ÀÌ·¸°Ô HR¸¦ ±âÁØÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ¾àÁ¦ ¿ë·® Á¶ÀýÀÌ Á¤¸» ȯÀںе鿡°Ô ÀûÁ¤ ¿ë·®À» ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÎÁö¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â Ç×»ó °í¹ÎÀÌ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù.

ƯÈ÷, ¾ó¸¶ Àü Hepatology¿¡´Â invasiveÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀÌÁö¸¸ HVPG, Áï ¹®¸Æ¾ÐÀ» Á÷Á¢ Àç¸é¼­ Ä¡·áÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ºñÇØ »ýÁ¸À²À» Çâ»ó½ÃŲ´Ù´Â º¸°í°¡ À־ ´õ °í¹ÎÀ» ÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (Villanueva et al., Hepatology 2017). SMC¿¡¼­´Â HVPG´Â Àß »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.

ÇÑÁÙ ¿ä¾àÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

"°£°æº¯ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ beta blocker´Â Åõ¾à ¿©ºÎ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿ë·®¿¡ µû¶ó¼­µµ »ýÁ¸À²À» Çâ»ó½Ãų ¼öµµ, °¨¼Ò½Ãų ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î, ÀûÀýÇÏ°Ô, ÀûÁ¤¿ë·®À¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´ÂÁö Ç×»ó °í¹ÎÇÏ¸ç »ç¿ëÇÏÀÚ" ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


[References]

1) EsoTODAY - Esophageal diseases

2) SmallTODAY - Small bowel diseases

3) ColonTODAY - Colorectal diseases

4) Dr. Sinn's LiverTODAY - Liver diseases

© ¼º±Õ°ü´ëÇб³ ÀÇ°ú´ëÇÐ »ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø ¼ÒÈ­±â³»°ú ½Åµ¿Çö (2017-4-5)