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[Traction ESD] - End of document

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1. Introduction to traction ESD (Ãâó: õ±â´©¼³)

ESD´Â single hand surgeryÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Working channelÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ESD knife¸¦ ³»¹Ð¾î º´¼Ò¸¦ ÀýÁ¦Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀϺ»¿¡¼­´Â µÎ °³ÀÇ ³»½Ã°æÀ» »ðÀÔÇÏ¿© ½Ã¼úÇÏ´Â Àǻ絵 ÀÖ´Ù´Â À̾߱⸦ µè±âµµ ÇßÁö¸¸ ÇÑ È¯ÀÚ¿¡°Ô µÎ °³ÀÇ ³»½Ã°æÀ» »ðÀÔÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº °£´ÜÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. Two hand surgery¸¦ Èä³»³»±â À§ÇÏ¿© ¿©·¯ ½Ãµµ°¡ ÀÖ¾úÁö¸¸ ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â traction method°¡ À¯¿ëÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

À§°¢À̳ª À§Ã¼ÇϺΠ¼Ò¸¸ º´¼Ò´Â ESD°¡ ½±Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. Submucosal dissection °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ submucosal layer°¡ Àß ³ëÃâµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·² ¶§´Â traction ESD°¡ µüÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Circumferential cutting ÈÄ ½ÇÀ» ¿¬°áÇÑ clipÀ» º´¼ÒÀÇ proximal¿¡ ÀåÂøÇÏ°í ½ÇÀ» »ì»ì ´ç±â¸é submucosal layer°¡ ¾ÆÁÖ Àß º¸ÀÌ°Ô µÇ¹Ç·Î ½Ã¼úÀÌ ½¬¿öÁý´Ï´Ù. ¸Ç ¸¶Áö¸· »çÁøÀ» º¸½Ã¸é ¼ö°ÅÇÑ specimenÀÇ distal end¿¡ clipÀÌ ÀåÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ°í ½ÇÀÌ ¿¬°áµÈ ¸ð½À´Ï´Ù. º´¸® °á°ú´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. [2019-7-14]
ESD: Early gastric carcinoma
1. Location : angle, lesser curvature
2. Gross type : EGC type IIc
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated (70%) >> signet ring cell carcinoma (30%)
4. Histologic type by Lauren : intestinal
5. Size of carcinoma : (1) longest diameter, 10 mm (2) vertical diameter, 3 mm
6. Depth of invasion : invades mucosa (lamina propria) (pT1a)
7. Resection margin : free from carcinoma(N), safety margin : distal 8 mm, proximal 17 mm, anterior 8 mm, posterior 12 mm, deep 500 §­
8. Lymphatic invasion : not identified(N)
9. Venous invasion : not identified(N)
10. Perineural invasion : not identified(N)
11. Microscopic ulcer : absent
12. Histologic heterogeneity: present

À§ Áõ·Ê¿Í °ÅÀÇ ºñ½ÁÇÑ °æ¿ìÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Traction ESD¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿© ºñ±³Àû ºü¸£°í ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°Ô ½Ã¼úÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
ESD: Early gastric carcinoma
1. Location : high body, greater curvature
2. Gross type : EGC type IIa
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : intestinal
5. Size of carcinoma : (1) longest diameter, 22 mm (2) vertical diameter, 14 mm
6. Depth of invasion : invades mucosa (muscularis mucosa) (pT1a)
7. Resection margin : free from carcinoma(N)
8. Lymphatic invasion : not identified(N)
9. Venous invasion : not identified(N)
10. Perineural invasion : not identified(N)
11. Pre-existing adenoma : none
12. Microscopic ulcer : absent
13. Histologic heterogeneity: absent
14. Associated finding: Gastritis cystica superficialis

À§°¢ºÎ ¼±Á¾ ³»½Ã°æ Ä¡·á ÈÄ Àç¹ß·Î ½ÃÇàÇÑ ESD¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Dual knife·Î circumferential cuttingÀ» ÇÏ¿´°í IT-2 knife·Î submucosal dissectionÀ» ½ÃµµÇÏ¿´À¸³ª º´¼ÒÀÇ À§Ä¡¿Í submucosal fibrosis·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© cuttingÀ» À§ÇÑ Á¡¸·ÇÏÃþ ³ëÃâÀÌ ¾î·Á¿ü½À´Ï´Ù. Ä¡½Ç°ú clipÀ¸·Î tractionÀ» ÇÏ¿´°í Á¡¸·ÇÏÃþÀÌ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ³ëÃâµÇ¾î ÈξÀ ¿ëÀÌÇÏ°Ô submucosal dissectionÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÃÖÁ¾ º´¸®°á°ú´Â well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, 22mm, MM invasion, lateral margin (-), L/V (-/-) ·Î ³ª¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¼Ò °í»ý½º·¯¿üÁö¸¸ one piece resectionÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ³ë·ÂÇÑ º¸¶÷ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ý°¢ÀÌ µé¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.


2. [ÀϺ»¼ÒÈ­±â³»½Ã°æÇÐȸ 2017 ½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö] Traction method for ESD

¹ßÇ¥ 1. Clip-with-line method·Î pharyngeal cancer¸¦ Ä¡·áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î À̺ñÀÎÈÄ°ú ÀÇ»çµéÀÇ Da Vinci¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ·Îº¿ ¼ö¼úÀ» ÀϺΠ´ëüÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

¹ßÇ¥ 2. Superficial pharyngeal cancer¸¦ ESD·Î Ä¡·áÇϸ鼭 Ä¡·áÈ¿°ú´Â ÁÁ¾ÆÁ³À¸³ª ½Ã¼ú½Ã°£ÀÌ ±æ¾îÁö¸é laryngeal edema°¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Double scope ESD¹ý À¸·Î´Â Åë»óÀÇ ³»½Ã°æÀ», Äڷδ °¡´Â ³»½Ã°æÀ» »ðÀÔÇÏ¿© ½Ã¼úÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý)À» Àû¿ëÇÏ¿© Ä¡·á½Ã°£À» ´ÜÃà½ÃÄÑ È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Æò±Õ ½Ã¼ú½Ã°£À» 103ºÐ(conventional ESD)¿¡¼­ 64ºÐ(double scoep ESD)À¸·Î ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù (2½Ã°£ ÀÌ»ó ¼Ò¿äµÈ °æ¿ì: cESD 43%, dsESD 16%).

¹ßÇ¥ 3. Novel overtube with traction channel. (1) Overtube¿¡ traction catheter¸¦ ³ÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â channelÀ» ¸¸µé¾ú°í (2) ȸÀü ±â´ÉÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ¿´À½ (Âü°í; two channel endoscope¿¡¼­´Â ȸÀüÀÌ ºÒ°¡´É) . ½Äµµ ESD °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î ÀýÁ¦µÈ º´¼Ò¸¦ ÀâÀº ÈÄ Àû´çÈ÷ µ¹·Á¼­ Á¡¸·ÇÏÃþÀ» ÃÖ´ëÇÑ ³ëÃâ½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

¹ßÇ¥ 4. Tread traction method with Mohican strategy·Î ½Äµµ ESD¿¡ µµ¿òÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

¹ßÇ¥ 5. CONNETCT-G study: À§ ESD¿¡¼­ dental floss clipÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ ESD ¹ý°ú conventional ESDÀÇ À¯¿ë¼ºÀ» ºñ±³ÇÑ ´Ù±â°ü ÀüÇâÀû ¿¬±¸¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Dental floss clip ESD (DFC ESD) ¹ýÀ¸·Î fundus º´¼ÒÀÇ ESDµµ »ó´çºÎºÐ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Èï¹Ì·Î¿î °ÍÀº primary end point°¡ ESD procedure timeÀ̾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.^^ °á°ú¿¡¼­ procedure timeÀº Å« Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Âµ¥ õ°ø·üÀº ÀǹÌÀÖ´Â Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù (conventional ESD 2.2% (7/316), DFC ESD 0.3% (1/319)). Upper/middle third, greater curvatureÀÇ º´¼Ò¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â DFC ESD¸¦ Àû¿ëÇϸé ÁÁ°Ú´Ù´Â ¿¬ÀÚÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

¹ßÇ¥ 6. Clip and snare method using pre-looping technique.

¹ßÇ¥ 7. S-O clip method. µÎ clipÀÌ ¿¬°áµÈ ÇüÅ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Çϳª´Â ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î ÀýÁ¦µÈ º´¼Ò¿¡ ºÎÂø½ÃÅ°°í ´Ù¸¥ ÇϳªÀÇ clip (springÀÌ ÀÖÀ½)Àº nylon loop¸¦ ÅëÇÏ°í ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ clipÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© Á¤»ó À§º®¿¡ ºÎÂø½Ãŵ´Ï´Ù. ESD °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î º´¼Ò¸¦ µé¾î¼­ Á¡¸·ÇÏÃþÀ» ³ëÃâ½ÃÅ°´Â È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. S-O clipÀ» ºÎÂø½ÃÅ°´Âµ¥ 4-5ºÐ Á¤µµ °É¸®Áö¸¸, ÀüüÀûÀÎ ESD speed¸¦ 25% Á¤µµ Çâ»ó½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

µÎ clip »çÀÌ¿¡ ¿ë¼ööÀÌ À§Ä¡ÇÏ¿© Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ´ç°ÜÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. (Âü°íÀÚ·á PDF)

¹ßÇ¥ 8. Clip Snare Lifting ESD

¹ßÇ¥ 9. ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå ESD¿¡¼­ tread traction method¿Í clip snare lifting methodÀÇ ºñ±³ÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥ CSL¿¡¼­´Â dividingÀ̳ª peeling µîÀÌ ÀϾ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå¿¡¼­´Â tread tractionÀÌ ´õ ÁÁ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

¹ßÇ¥ 10. Simplified magnetic-anchor-guided ESD (MAG ESD) (Matsuzaki I. Gastrointest Endosc 2017)

Magnetic anchor-guided endoscopic submucosal dissection for a laterally spreading tumor. A, Endoscopic image of the lesion in the cecum. B, The magnet attached to a hemoclip with thread. C, The external magnet with a flexible arm. D, After partial dissection, the mucosal edge before magnetic anchor is attached. E, Direct visualization of the submucosal layer by traction using magnetic anchor. F, Endoscopic view after endoscopic submucosal dissection, showing a large artificial ulcer.

Matsuzaki I. Gastrointest Endosc 2017

¹ßÇ¥ 11. Ring shape tread countertraction ESD. µÎ clipÀ» ½Ç·Î ¿¬°áÇÏ¿© Çϳª´Â º´¼Ò¿¡ ÇÏ´Ù´Â ¹Ý´ëÆí º®¿¡ °íÁ¤½ÃÅ°´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¹ßÇ¥ 7 (S-O ring)°ú ºñ½ÁÇÑ ideaÀÎ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

¹ßÇ¥ 12. S-O clip(2016³â¿¡ »ó¿ëÈ­ µÇ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù)ÀÇ traction ¹æ¹ýÀ» º¯°æ½ÃŲ ¹æ¹ýÀ» Àû¿ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸¿´½À´Ï´Ù. °ú°Å¿¡´Â oral side¿¡ Ŭ¸³À» ÀåÂøÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥ À̹ø¿¡´Â anal side¿¡ Ŭ¸³À» ÀåÂøÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Circumferential cuttingÀÌ ³¡³­ Á÷ÈÄ S-O clipÀ» ÀåÂøÇÏ¸é ½Ã¼úÀÌ ½¬¿öÁø´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

¹ßÇ¥ 13. Traction assisted C-EDS (TAC ESD)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ randomized controlled trialÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. (¿À»çÄ«ÀÇ Uedo ¼±»ý´Ô ÆÀ)

¹ßÇ¥ 14. Pocket creation metod (PCM). Conventional ESD¿¡¼­´Â flapÀ» ¸¸µéÁö¸¸, PCM¿¡¼­´Â flapÀ» ¸¸µéÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ traction methodÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¸¸ long tapered hood (Short ST hood, Fujifilm)À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿©¾ß È¿°úÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿¬ÀÚ´Â Fujifilm ³»½Ã°æ°ú Flush knife (Fujifilum)¿Í Clutch cutter (Fujifilm)À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Submucosal fibrosis°¡ À־ È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. PCMÀº POEM°ú À¯»çÇϹǷΠ¼­±¸¿¡¼­ ESD¸¦ ¹è¿ì´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ÁÁÀ» °Í °°´Ù´Â Á¦¾ÈÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.


[ÀÌÁØÇà È¥À㸻] Traction ESD¶ó´Â Á¦¸ñÀÇ 2½Ã°£ 30ºÐÂ¥¸® µ¶¸³ ¼¼¼ÇÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. °¢ º´¿ø¿¡¼­ ¼­·ÎÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¾à°£¾¿ º¯ÇüÇÏ¿© ³ª¸§´ë·Î »õ·Î¿î ¹æ¹ýÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼­ ÀϺ» ³»½Ã°æ°èÀÇ Àú·ÂÀÌ ´À²¸Á³½À´Ï´Ù.


3. ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­ tractionÀ» Àû¿ëÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ¿©·¯ ¹æ¹ý

Double balloon endoluminal platform (Endosc Int Open 2020;8(10):E1273)


4. EndoGEL ESD hands-on training¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â traction method

EndoGEL ESD hands-on training¿¡¼­´Â Áß·ÂÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î (1) capÀ» Àû¿ëÇϰųª (2) traction-assisted ESD°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ȸ»ç¿¡¼­´Â capÀ» Àû¿ëÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÃßõÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª Àú´Â traction ESD ¹æ¹ýÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

A small flap was made by the partial submucosal dissection

This is a home-made traction device.

A small metal clip, which I bought at the Office Depot, was linked to the weight with a dental floss.

The traction device was applied the the small flap. Now, you can see the submucoal layer with parallel fibers.

The submucosal layer can be dissected by the right to left movement of the Dual knife tip. No submucosal injection is required for the EndoGEL ESD training.

The traction was adjusted to make a better view.

We are using a stand for a more realistic traction. I need to find a good pully for this purpose.

Koken simulator¿¡¼­ EndoGEL ESD¸¦ Çϱâ À§ÇÑ platformÀ» °³·®ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. (2020-4-14)

Á¾ÀÌ box¿¡ EndoGELÀ» À§Ä¡½ÃŲ ÈÄ Àüº®, Èĺ®, õÀå, ¹Ù´Ú°ú °°ÀÌ ¿©·¯ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î µ¹·Á°¡¸ç ESD ¿¬½ÀÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. TractionÀ» âÀÇÀûÀ¸·Î Àû¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

EndoGEL ESD hands-on trainingÀ» À§ÇÑ ÀÛÀü °èȹ. ÀÚü Á¦ÀÛÇÑ traction Ã߸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ needle type knife ESD¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇϱâ·Î ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

EndoGEL ESD recent setting (2020³â 6¿ù)


[References]

1) Traction ESD (VOD. Abe. IDEN 2021)



© ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¹Ù¸¥³»½Ã°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÀÌÁØÇà. EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.