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[Stricture after esophageal ESD]

°­³²¼¼ºê¶õ½ºº´¿ø ¹ÚÈ¿Áø °úÀå´Ô ÁÖµµ·Î ÀÛ³âºÎÅÍ Gangnam Severance Single Topic Endoscopic Conference (GSTEC)°¡ ÁøÇàµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÛ³âÀº '³»½Ã°æ ¸®³ëº£ÀÌ¼Ç ¼¼¹Ì³ª'¿´°í ¿ÃÇØÀÇ ÁÖÁ¦´Â 'Endoscopic treatment of esophageal stricture after ESD'¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

»ç½Ç ³Ê¹« specificÇÑ ÁÖÁ¦ÀÎÁö¶ó ¹Ý³ªÀý ½ÉÆ÷Áö¿òÀÌ Àß ÁøÇàµÉ±î »ì¦ °ÆÁ¤µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¸·»ó ½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö¿¡ Âü¼®Çغ¸´Ï ³»¿ëÀÌ ±í°í dzºÎÇÏ¿© ³î¶ú½À´Ï´Ù. Âü ¸¹ÀÌ ¹è¿ü½À´Ï´Ù. Å« µ·À» µé¿© ¸çÄ¥°£ ÇØ¿Ü ÇÐȸ¿¡ ³ª°£ °Íº¸´Ù ¸¹ÀÌ ¹è¿ü´Ù°í ´À²¼½À´Ï´Ù. Àß ÁغñÇØ ÁֽŠ¿©·¯ ¼±»ý´Ôµé²² °¨»ç¸»¾¸ µå¸³´Ï´Ù.


1. Endoscopic treatment of esophageal stricture after ESD - Mechanism of esophageal stricture after ESD. (¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ ±èÁöÇö)

ÃÖ±Ùµé¾î ½Äµµ ESDÈÄ ÇùÂøÀÇ ºóµµ°¡ °¨¼ÒµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 2011³â ÀÌÀü¿¡´Â 9%Á¤µµ¿´À¸³ª 2012³â ÀÌÈÄ¿¡´Â 2% ¼öÁØÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¿¹¹æÀü·«ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.

1) ÇùÂø ±âÀü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸ 1 - Endoscopy 2010

  1. After EMR, mucosal defect associated with inflammation
  2. Angiogenesis & fibrous hyperplasia, epithelial cells proliferation
  3. Submucosa replaced with dense collagen fiber, lacked gland & MM
  4. Myofiber atrophy leading to fibrosis
  5. Lowering of elasticity & movement of esophageal wall (stricture)
  6. µû¶ó¼­ ÇùÂøÀ» ÁÙÀ̱â À§Çؼ­´Â ÃʱâÀÇ ¿°ÁõÀ» ÁÙ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±Ý½Ä, cautery effect¸¦ ÁÙÀÓ, ½ºÅ×·ÎÀÌµå »ç¿ë µî Àü·«À» °í·ÁÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

2) ÇùÂø ±âÀü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸ 2 - 2013

Myofibroblastic cell layer°¡ ÇùÂøÀÇ ÁÖ¹üÀÌ´Ù. ½ºÅ×·ÎÀ̵å´Â ÀÌ ÃþÀÇ º¯È­¸¦ °¡Á®¿Â´Ù.

3) Regenerative medicine


2. Steroid: oral, intraveous, intralesional (¿ï»ê´ëÇб³ ±èµµÈÆ)

Intralesional steroid injection: triamcinolone, aliquots of 0.2ml at 10-40 mg/ml, inserted shallowly, 4 quadrants, 1 cm interval.

µÎ °¡Áö ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÀÖÀ½.

  1. Multiple session injection: 3, 7, 10 days after ESD,
  2. Single session injection immediately after ESD

'Single session injection immediately after ESD'¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ¾Æ»êº´¿ø Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ±³¼ö´ÔÀÇ Áõ·Êº¸°í°¡ ÀÖÀ½ (Clin Endosc 2013;46:643-646). ESD·Î Á¡¸·ÇÏÃþÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø¾îÁø »óȲ¿¡¼­ Á¡¸·ÇÏÃþ¿¡ triamcinoloneÀ» ÁÖ»çÇØ¾ß ÇϹǷΠ±â¼úÀûÀ¸·Î ½±Áö ¾ÊÀ½.

@ °æ±¸ ½ºÅ×·ÎÀ̵å: ESD 2-3ÀÏ° 30mgÀ¸·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÑ ÈÄ ¸ÅÁÖ 30, 30, 25, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5·Î õõÈ÷ ÁÙ¿©³ª°£´Ù.

@ intraveous steroid injectionÀº corrosive esophagitis¿¡ ´ëÇÑ meta-analysis¿¡¼­ negative data¿´À½ (Toxicol Rev 2005;24:125-129)


3. Balloon dilation (¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ Á¤Çö¼ö)

1) TTS balloon dilatationÀϹݷÐ

- no more than 3 incremental inflations

- maximal balloon diameter in the previous session = first balloon in the next sessions

- 15mm : tolerable to modified regular diet

2) ESD ÈÄ stricture¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©

Preemptive balloon dilatation (2/week for 8 weeks, Á¡¸·ÀÌ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ healing µÉ ¶§±îÁö) ÀϺΠȿ°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Â µí ÇÏÁö¸¸ oral steroid º¸´Ù´Â ¸øÇÔ.

Preemtive ballon dilatation°ú ÇÔ²² tranilast (PO 8 weeks) »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù. 33% (with tranilast) vs 67% (without tranilast)

3) ¿¬ÀÚÀÇ °á·Ð: Oral prednisolone, often combined with early balloon dilation, offers the sole validated and affordable treatment option.


4. Stent and others (¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ À±¿µÈÆ)

- Benign stenosis¿¡¼­ ½ºÅÄÆ®¸¦ Àß »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ½ migration, hyperplatic tissue reaction, embedding into esophageal wall, new stricture formation, perforation, fistula formation µîÀÇ ¿ì·Á°¡ Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÓ.

- Metal stent, plastic stent, biodegradable stentÀÇ ºñ±³

- 35¹ø dz¼±È®Àå¼ú·Îµµ È£ÀüµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Âµ¥ stent¸¦ ÇÑ ÈÄ ÁÁ¾ÆÁ³´Ù´Â ÀϺ» Áõ·Ê°¡ ÀÖÀ½.

- Áß±¹¿¡¼­ ½ºÅÄÆ®¸¦ ¿¹¹æÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù´Â ¿¬±¸°¡ ¹ßÇ¥µÈ ¹Ù ÀÖÀ½. (Wen. DDS 2014:59;658)

- Mytomycin C local injection or local application (MMC¸¦ Àû½Å cotton pledgetÀ» 3-5ºÐ Á¤µµ Á¢Ã˽ÃÅ°´Â ¹æ¹ý)µµ promising ÇØ º¸ÀÓ.

- 5-FU, N-acetylcysteine, amniotic membrane graft, gastroesoohageal endoscopic mucosal transplant, µîÀ» ½ÃµµÇÑ ¿¬±¸°¡ ÀÖÀ½.


5. Polyglicolic acid sheet / tissue-engineering cell sheet (Yamaguchi Naoyuki, Nagasaki University, Japan)

Esophageal ESD ÈÄ ÇùÂøÀÇ À§ÇèÀÎÀÚ: more than 3/4 circumference, 4cm, cervical area

Triamcinolone injection immediately after ESD: À̸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ¸Å¿ì ªÀº ³»½Ã°æ ÁÖ»çħÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ¿´À½.

Semicircular case¿¡¼­´Â triamcinolone injection immediately after ESD¿Í oral steroidÀÇ È¿°ú°¡ ºñ½ÁÇÏÁö¸¸ complete circular case¿¡¼­´Â oral steroid treatment°¡ ´õ È¿°úÀûÀÓ. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î Yamaguchi ±³¼ö´ÔÀº ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¾Ë°í¸®ÁòÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾úÀ½.

Yamaguchi ±³¼ö´ÔÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ¹æ¹ýÀ» µÎ °¡Áö ¼Ò°³Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. À̹ø ½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö Âü¼®ÀÚµéÀÌ °¡Àå Èï¹Ì·Ó°Ô »ý°¢ÇÑ ÁÖÁ¦¿´½À´Ï´Ù. EndoTODAY¿¡¼­´Â Á¦¸ñ¸¸ ¼Ò°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

1) Cell sheet transplantation with a transfer is the world's first attempt in the digestive area.

2) PGA felt + fibrin glue sealing method


6. ÀÌÁØÇàÀÇ °á·Ð

½Äµµ ESD ÈÄ ÇùÂø¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ESD Á÷ÈÄ intralesional triamcinolone injectionÀ̳ª 8-12ÁÖ oral steroid therapy¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°ÚÀ½. SemicircularÀÎ °æ¿ì´Â µÑ Áß Çϳª¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ circumferentialÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â oral steroid therapy¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÊ.

°æ±¸ steroid 8ÁÖ Ä¡·áÀÇ Ç¥ÁØ protocol: ESD 2-3ÀÏ° 30mgÀ¸·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÑ ÈÄ ¸ÅÁÖ 30, 30, 25, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5·Î õõÈ÷ ÁÙ¿©³ª°¨.

'ESD 3ÀÏ ÈĺÎÅÍ ¹Ýº¹Çؼ­ intralesional triamcinolon injectionÀ» ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý'À̳ª 'preemptive balloon dilatation ¹æ¹ý'Àº ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó Çö½Ç¿¡ ³Ê¹« ¹ø°Å·Î¿ï °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÊ.

Mitomycin C local applicationÀÌ À¯¸ÁÇØ º¸ÀÓ. ¾ÆÁ÷ µ¥ÀÌŸ°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÔ.

Cell sheet transplantation°ú PGA felt + fibrin glue ¹ýÀº ±Ù»çÇÏÁö¸¸ Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î´Â »ç¿ëÇϱ⠾î·Á¿ò.

ESD ÈÄ ÇùÂø ¿¹¹æ °æ±¸ steroid 8ÁÖ ÄÚ½º
ESD 2ÀÏ° Pd Åõ¾à ½ÃÀÛ
1ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 30mg (5mg 6¾Ë)
2ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 30mg (5mg 6¾Ë)
3ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 25mg (5mg 5¾Ë)
4ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 25mg (5mg 5¾Ë)
5ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 20mg (5mg 4¾Ë)
6ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 15mg (5mg 3¾Ë)
7ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 10mg (5mg 2¾Ë)
8ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 5mg (5mg 1¾Ë)
9ÁÖ: Áß´Ü

ESD ÈÄ ÇùÂø ¿¹¹æ °æ±¸ steroid 4ÁÖ ÄÚ½º
ESD 2ÀÏ° Pd Åõ¾à ½ÃÀÛ
1ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 30mg (5mg 6¾Ë)
2ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 20mg (5mg 4¾Ë)
3ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 10mg (5mg 2¾Ë)
4ÁÖ: ¸ÅÀÏ 5mg (5mg 1¾Ë)
5ÁÖ: Áß´Ü


[References]

20141011 °­³²¼¼ºê¶õ½ºº´¿ø single topic symposium 2014 (Stricture after ESD)

20151017 °­³²¼¼ºê¶õ½ºº´¿ø motility symposium 2015 (Achalasia)

20151017 °­³²¼¼ºê¶õ½º single topic symposium 2015 (´ëÀå ESD)

20161117 °­³²¼¼ºê¶õ½º single topic symposium 2016 (À§ ESD)

© ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¹Ù¸¥³»½Ã°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÀÌÁØÇà. EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.