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[ . Depth of invasion of gastric cancer (ħ . ɴ)] -
ɴ(ӹ) Ϻ ǥ̹Ƿ 'ħ ' ǥ Ͻñ ٶϴ.
1. ϰ ༺ -
2. ϰ Ͼ
3. ϰ Ͼ tip
5. EGC-like AGC
7. Cases
8. FAQs
9. References
̿ ð Ȯ ̱ ƽϴ. ڰ ̰ ũ Դϴ. Ϻ 츮 ٸϴ. 츮 츮 ´ Ÿ Ͽ ȯῡ ϴ Դϴ. 2011 б Ȯ ִµ 츮 ִ ڷ մϴ (. GIE 2011).
Ͽ ༺ ϴ Ⱓ ϱ ƽϴ. Ϻ 44 ֽϴ (Tsukuma H. Stomach Intestine 2008:43:1777-83). 5 64.7%, 10 95% ̻ ༺ Ѵٰ մϴ.
2010 Zﺴ ܰ м(Shin SH. J Surg Oncol 2010) , ð濡 Ͽ 1,611 120(7.4%) ༺̾ϴ. ðġḦ Ͽ ԵǾ ణ Դϴ. ð濡 ༺ Ͽ 1,299 132(10.2%) ̾ϴ. Ϲ ð濡 5% ༺ , ð濡 ༺ 10% ϱ ٶϴ.
2011 뺴 (. GIE) ð 2,105 2.9% 60 δ ༺̾ϴ. Ȯ ſ Դϴ.
2013 DZ (Clin Endosc) 207 6.8% 14 δ ༺ ̾ϴ. Proximal part EGC-like AGC ҽϴ.
AGC-like EGCs predominate in the distal part of the stomach, while EGC-like AGCs predominate in the proximal part. When evaluating the depth of a gastric cancer, care should be taken not to underestimate measurements in proximal gastric cancers since they tend to be poorly-differentiated adenocarcinomas, in Laurens diffuse type, and invade deeper than their endoscopic appearance might suggest.
2015 Ѿ뺴 ð濡 ǴϿ 367 40(11 %) ༺̾ϴ (Lee JH. Surg Endosc 2015 - Epub).
PM cancer ϰ ༺ ߰ ֽϴ. м ڷḦ Ⱓ PM cancer ̾ϴ.
[ ϰ ༺ ]
ϼ ϰ proper muscle layer muscle ̿ ħϸ 翬 PM cancerԴϴ. ϼ muscle ħ ʾ ѷϰ PM layer (= PM Ʒ ħ ) δ PM cancer з˴ϴ. , ༺ Դϴ. Ϻ Ϻ ڵ ̸ SM massive θٰ մϴ. , зѴٴ Դϴ. ̷ο ε, ư 츮 츮 ϰ.
ó ̵ update Ǿ 2023 ȸ(JGC) Ѻȸ(JPTM) ǵǾϴ. ش ̵ ħ Ұմϴ. Depth of invasion Ǵܰ T staging ŭ ʽϴ. Lymphatic vessel ִ T staging ݿ ʴ´ٴ κе Ͻñ ٶϴ.
A standardized pathology report for gastric cancer: 2nd edition (Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine 2023;57:1-27)
The depth of the tumor invasion follows the AJCC 8th edition and Japanese guidelines. Notably, the Japanese guideline does not accept carcinoma in situ (pTis). In the AJCC 8th edition, pTis is defined as an intraepithelial tumor without invasion of the lamina propria, which is equivalent to high-grade dysplasia. pT1b is subdivided into sm1, sm2, and sm3. If cancer cells are present below an imaginary line dividing the submucosa and proper muscle, the case is considered pT2 even if the cancer cells are not actually within the muscle fibers. If there is no proper muscle layer due to ulceration, and the cancer cells are below the imaginary line drawn at the lower border of the proper muscle, the case is considered pT3. Invasion of the omentum and perigastric fat is considered pT3. Ink should be applied at the serosal surface nearest the tumor during gross examination to properly evaluate serosal (visceral peritoneum) invasion. The case is considered pT4a if the cancer cells are adherent to or exposed beyond mesothelial cells. Because the mesocolon and gastric serosa (including the greater and lesser omentum) have different embryological origins, invasion of the mesocolon should be classified as pT4b. However, some areas are tightly fused, such as the posterior wall of the antrum, the gastric serosa, and the anterior side of the transverse mesocolon. Therefore, the Japanese guideline indicates that invasion of the transverse mesocolon is not pT4b unless it extends to the colic vessels or penetrates the posterior surface of the mesocolon. Some cases can be either pT4a or pT4b, depending on the site of the tumor. Invasion of the pancreas capsule is considered pT4b. Direct duodenal or esophageal invasion is not considered pT4b. Any involvement of other organs, such as the liver, pancreas, colon, spleen, diaphragm, or kidney, should be recorded. Cancer cells within lymphatic or vascular spaces are not considered in the determination of invasion depth. The presence of lymphatic or vascular invasion should be recorded separately in parentheses (e.g., tumor invades proper muscle [involvement of subserosa by lymphatic emboli]).
(depth of invasion) ߿ ϳ fold ȭԴϴ. Fold ⸦ ˴ϴ. ⸦ ణ ְ 鼭 ֺ ȭ ɽ ϴ ϴ.
fold ( Ȯ ) Ģ ϴ. Ͽ abrupt cutting, rapid tapering (= rat-tailing, ó ٴ ǹ), ϾϿ fusion, clubbing, پ(PM cancer) dam-formation ˴ϴ. Fold ȭ ߽ fold ƴմϴ. Դϴ. EGC ߴµ AGC 5-10%Դϴ. AGC ߴµ EGC 쵵 5-10%Դϴ. (Ѽȭ⳻ðȸ 2007;35:297-303)
̹ ʴ (1) Ըΰ , (2) fold fusion Ұ ǰ, (3) signet ring cell carcinoma̾Ƿ ⺸ ټ Ҵ Դϴ. ð濡 EGC III (r/o submucosal cancer) impression ۿ ... ణ ٰ ʿ ϴ.
(. GIE) 1,276 1,026(82.0%) ̾, Ͼ 829 596 (71.9%) Ͼ̾ϴ.
ħ Ǵ Ұ ǹ̰ мǾ ֽϴ. ʹ Ͽ ǹ̸ Ȯ ˱ ƽϴ. ϸ ̰Դϴ. " Ұ ϰ Ͼ ."
̷Ӱ ܺ м ٺ м Դϴ. Ʒ ǥ ܺ м̰ ٺ мԴϴ. ܺ м undifferentiate-type histology differentiated-type histology Ͽ ħ Ȯ ϴ (OR=0.804, p=0.046). ٺ м p 0.889 (OR=0983) ̰ ϴ. ܺ ǹ̰ ٺ μ ϴ.
2023 Surgical Endoscopy ɴ conventional endoscopy EUS Ȯ Ϻ ٱ ǥǾϴ (Surg Endosc 2023). SM2 ̻ Ͼ (massive submucosal invasion̶ Īϱ մϴ) ûϴ Ұ Ʒ õǾϴ.
Clin Endosc 2015 6ȣ Ǹ 泲 (Improving the Endoscopic Detection Rate...) ̷ο űϴ ( 294).
̷ ̽ϴ. "Remarkable elevation of the tumor is seen with a converging fold. This findings fulfill the criteria for massive submucosal invasion by tumor." differentiated-type EGC depth-predicting score Ұ ֽϴ (Abe. Gastric Cancer 2011). Ʒ ҽϴ.
On logistic regression analysis, tumor size more than 30 mm, remarkable redness, uneven surface, and margin elevation were significantly associated with deeper submucosal cancers. A depth-predicting score was created by assigning 2 points for margin elevation and tumor size more than 30 mm, and 1 point for each of the other endoscopic features. When validation lesions of 3 points or more were diagnosed as deeper submucosal cancers, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy as evaluated by three endoscopists were 29.7-45.9, 93.1-93.7, and 82.5-84.8%, respectively.
Ϻ ڰ margin elevation ణ ٸ մϴ. ư Ը ҿ ⸦ ణ Ͽ ü Ҵ massive submucosal invasion ûϴ ҰԴϴ. Ͽ ̷ Ư¡ ˴ϴ.
Ͼ ߴµ ǿܷ Խϴ. ɴ ƽϴ.
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Stomach, Subtotal gastrectomy: Early gastric carcinoma
1. Location : middle third, Center at mid body and posterior wall
2. Gross type : EGC type IIc
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : mixed
5. Size : 3.8x2.4 cm
6. Depth of invasion : invades mucosa (lamina propria) (pT1a)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma, safety margin: proximal 1.5 cm, distal 11.7 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : no metastasis in 22 regional lymph nodes (pN0)
9. Lymphatic invasion : not identified
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : not identified
12. AJCC stage by 8th edition: pT1a N0
˻翡 poorly differentiated ȼҰߺ ټ 찡 ϴ. 츮 ħ ̸ ϴ ȭ Ͽ شѴٰ ϴ ڽϴ.
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Stomach, radical subtotal gastrectomy: Advanced gastric carcinoma
1. Location : middle third, Center at body and anterior wall
2. Gross type : Borrmann type 2
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly (solid) differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 2.5x2.2 cm
6. Depth of invasion : invades muscularis propria (pT2)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma, safety margin: proximal 3.4 cm, distal 7.0 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : no metastasis in 32 regional lymph nodes (pN0) (0/32: "1", 0/1; "3", 0/11; "4", 0/4; "5", 0/0; "6", 0/5; "7", 0/5; "9", 0/0; "8a", 0/1; "11p", 0/3; "12a", 0/2; "4sb", 0/0)
9. Lymphatic invasion : not identified
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : not identified
12. AJCC stage by 8th edition: pT2 N0
: EGC-like AGC θ Ÿ Դϴ.
˻翡 moderatele differentiated Դµ 谡 ſ ȣϿ ư Ͽϴ. ũ⸦ ټ ָϰ ּ̽ϴ.^^ ɴ SM3 ̴ ϴ.
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Stomach, radical subtotal gastrectomy: Early gastric carcinoma
1. Location : lower third, Center at antrum and circle
2. Gross type : EGC type IIc
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : intestinal
5. Size : encircling x 6.0 cm
6. Depth of invasion : invades submucosa (sm3) (pT1b)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma, safety margin: proximal 5.0 cm, distal 1.0 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : no metastasis in 29 regional lymph nodes (pN0) (0/29 : "3,5", 0/9; "4,6", 0/8; "1", 0/1; "5", 0/1; "6", 0/4; "7", 0/2; "9", 0/1; "8a", 0/0; "11p", 0/2; "12a", 0/1; "4sb", 0/0)
9. Lymphatic invasion : present
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : not identified
12. Peritoneal cytology : negative
13. AJCC stage by 8th edition: pT1b N0
: ù ð ˻ Pentax ð̾ Ƿ Olympus 260H ϴ. ΰ ϱ? ù ð ι° ð ߰ ڿ ð ƴұ Ǿϴ. Pentax tone ־ ˻簡 ϰ ʴٰ ̴ô е ϴ. Olympus tone ˻ڸ нŰ ϰ δٰ ô е ϴ. ʹ ƹ ٴ Դϴ. ̶ ݾ ٸ, ϸ ټ ... ü ٴ ʴ ϴ. ϴ.
IIa+IIc ̰ 찡 ϴ. ͵ ƴϱ ó ϱ ƽϴ. EUS ص ǰ......
ESD
Early gastric carcinoma
1. Location : proximal antrum, postero-greater curvature
2. Gross type : EGC type IIc
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : intestinal
5. Size of carcinoma : (1) longest diameter, 16 mm (2) vertical diameter, 14 mm
6. Depth of invasion : invades submucosa, (depth of sm invasion : 650 ) (pT1b)
7. Resection margin : free from carcinoma(N), safety margin : distal 11 mm, proximal 12 mm, anterior 10 mm, posterior 12 mm, deep 200 (sm only)
8. Lymphatic invasion : present (++)
9. Venous invasion : not identified(N)
10. Perineural invasion : not identified(N)
11. Microscopic ulcer : absent
12. Histologic heterogeneity: absent
ESD
Stomach, endoscopic submucosal dissection:
Early gastric carcinoma
1. Location : angle, lesser curvature
2. Gross type : EGC type IIa+IIc
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, well differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : intestinal
5. Size of carcinoma : (1) longest diameter, 16 mm (2) vertical diameter, 10 mm
6. Depth of invasion : invades submucosa, (depth of sm invasion : 1700 ) (pT1b)
7. Resection margin : involved deep resection margin by carcinoma, safety margin : distal 13 mm, proximal 13 mm, anterior 8 mm, posterior 18 mm, deep 0 mm (sm only)
8. Lymphatic invasion : present (++)
9. Venous invasion : not identified(N)
10. Perineural invasion : not identified(N)
11. Microscopic ulcer : absent
12. Histologic heterogeneity: absent
ó
Stomach, radical subtotal gastrectomy: Early gastric carcinoma
1. Location : middle third, Center at body and lesser curvature
2. Gross type : EGC type IIc
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly (solid) differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 1.5x1.3 cm
6. Depth of invasion : invades submucosa (sm3) (pT1b)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma, safety margin: proximal 2.8 cm, distal 8.3 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : no metastasis in 20 regional lymph nodes (pN0)
9. Lymphatic invasion : not identified
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : not identified
12. AJCC stage by 8th edition: pT1b N0
Ҹ mid-antrum transverse fold ɴ ƽϴ. IIc ؾ IIa+IIc ҷ ָմϴ. ֺ ΰ ϴٰ IIa+IIc Ͽ ǴϿϴ. IIc ҽϴ. ð ġ ϱ ġ̹Ƿ õ ϴµ, ȯڿ Ը ѷϰ tumor island ִ ɷ ٷ ½ϴ. SM3 Խϴ. ~~~
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ü ĺ depressed lesion ߰ߵǾ ðǴ 翬 EGC Ͽ ǿܷ Ʒ Խϴ.Advanced gastric carcinoma
- Gross type : Borrmann type (unclassifiable) (mimicking EGC type IIc)
- Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly differentiated
- Size : 3.2x2.1x0.2 cm
- Depth of invasion : extension to proper muscle (pT2a)ٽ EGC θ ۿ ҿϴ. ƹ ص EGC AGC Ȯ 80-90%Դϴ. definite EGC ְ ݹ AGC ֽϴ. 츮 Ʋϴ. ״ ƴմϴ.
ȯڿ ̷ο Barrett esophagus ִٰ Դϴ. reviewغ ultrashort segment Barrett esophagus ִٰ ִ ̾ϴ. غô. ̼ ȭ ʹ ʽϱ? ð ȯ ߿ ̷ ־ ʽϱ? ȯ 쿡 Ͽ Ͽ Ϻνĵ Ƽ Barrett̶ ־ Դϴ. forcep biopsyδ . κ ܵ ʽϴ. Ȥ ̷ ª ٷĵ( ultra ultra ultra-short Barrett esophagus θϴ) ִ ӻ Ǵ ɱ? 1 cm ſ ª ESEM (endoscopically suspected esophageal metaplasia) 켱 ϴ ϴ. 1 cm ESEM ã Ͽ ϰ ͽϴ.
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Stomach, subtotal gastrectomy:
Advanced gastric carcinoma
1. Location : lower third, Center at body and greater curvature
2. Gross type : Borrmann type 3
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly (poorly cohesive) differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 3.7x1.4 cm
6. Depth of invasion : invades muscularis propria (pT2)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma, safety margin: proximal 2.3 cm, distal 9.4 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : metastasis to 1 out of 37 regional lymph nodes (pN1), (perinodal extension: present) (1/37: "3", 1/11; "4", 0/11; "5", 0/0; "6", 0/0; "7", 0/4; "9", 0/0; "8a", 0/3; "11p", 0/2; "12a", 0/5; "4sb", 0/0; "1", 0/1)
9. Lymphatic invasion : not identified
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : present
12. AJCC stage by 7th edition: pT2 N1̹ ʴ (1) Ըΰ , (2) fold fusion Ұ ǰ, (3) signet ring cell carcinoma̾Ƿ ⺸ ټ Ҵ Դϴ. ð濡 EGC III (r/o submucosal cancer) impression ۿ ... ణ ٰ ʿ ϴ.
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Stomach, subtotal gastrectomy:
Advanced gastric carcinoma
1. Location : middle third, Center at body and greater curvature
2. Gross type : Borrmann type 3
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly (poorly cohesive) differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 2.5x2.5 cm
6. Depth of invasion : penetrates subserosal connective tissue (pT3)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma, safety margin: proximal 3 cm, distal 11 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : no metastasis in 70 regional lymph nodes (pN0), (0/70 : "3", 0/31; "4", 0/17; "5", 0/3; "6", 0/5; "7", 0/3; "9", 0/5; "8a", 0/4; "11p", 0/2; "12a", 0/0; "4sb", 0/0; "1", 0/0)
9. Lymphatic invasion : present (+++)
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : not identified
12. Peritoneal cytology : negative
13. AJCC stage by 7th edition: pT3 N0
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Stomach, subtotal gastrectomy:
Advanced gastric carcinoma
1. Location : middle third, Center at body and greater curvature
2. Gross type : Borrmann type 2
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly (poorly cohesive) differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 2.6x2.2 cm
6. Depth of invasion : invades muscularis propria (pT2)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma, safety margin: proximal 3.8 cm, distal 13.5 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : no metastasis in 47 regional lymph nodes (pN0) (0/47: "3", 0/14; "4", 0/6; "5", 0/1; "6", 0/9; "7", 0/2; "9", 0/0; "8a", 0/2; "11p", 0/1; "12a", 0/2; "4sb", 0/10; "1", 0/0)
9. Lymphatic invasion : not identified
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : present
12. Peritoneal cytology : negative
13. AJCC stage by 7th edition: pT2 N0
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1. Location : middle third, center at body and posterior wall
2. Gross type : mimicking EGC type IIc
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 5x4x0.5 cm
6. Depth of invasion : extension to subserosa
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma: safety margin
8. Lymph node metastasis : metastasis to 2 out of 35 regional lymph nodes (pN1)
9. Lymphatic invasion : present
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : not identified
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1. Location : middle third, center at body and lesser curvature
2. Gross type : Borrmann type (mimicking EGC type IIc+III)
3. Histologic type : signet-ring cell carcinoma
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 9.5x5.3x0.4 cm
6. Depth of invasion : extension to proper muscle (pT2a)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma: safety margin
8. Lymph node metastasis : metastasis to 9 out of 62 regional lymph nodes
9. Lymphatic invasion : present
10.Venous invasion : not identified
11.Perineural invasion : not identified
12.Associated findings : ulceration(ul IV)
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Advanced gastric carcinoma
1. Location : lower third, Center at angle and lesser curvature
2. Gross type : Borrmann type 3
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly (poorly cohesive) differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 2.4x2.2 cm
6. Depth of invasion : penetrates subserosal connective tissue (pT3)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma
8. Lymph node metastasis : no metastasis in 31 regional lymph nodes (pN0)
9. Lymphatic invasion : present
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : not identified
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Stomach, subtotal gastrectomy: Advanced gastric carcinoma
1. Location : middle third, Center at body and greater curvature
2. Gross type : Borrmann type 2
3. Histologic type : signet-ring cell carcinoma
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 3.6x2.7 cm
6. Depth of invasion : invades muscularis propria (pT2)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma
8. Lymph node metastasis : no metastasis in 44 regional lymph nodes (pN0)
9. Lymphatic invasion : not identified
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : present
12. Peritoneal cytology : negative
13. AJCC stage by 7th edition: pT2 N0
EGC ƴѰ ߴµ AGC multiple lymph node ̿ bilateral ovary metastasis ־ϴ.
(2012, 50 )
Stomach, radical subtotal gastrectomy: Advanced gastric carcinoma
1. Location : middle third, Center at angle and posterior wall
2. Gross type : Borrmann type 3
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly (solid) differentiated >> mucinous adenocarcinoma (mucinous carcinoma portion: 20%)
4. Histologic type by Lauren : mixed
5. Size : 3.3x3.0 cm
6. Depth of invasion : penetrates subserosal connective tissue (pT3)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma, safety margin: proximal 3.3 cm, distal 3.8 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : metastasis to 6 out of 32 regional lymph nodes (pN2) (perinodal extension: present) (6/32: "1", 0/2; "3", 2/2; "4", 2/9; "5", 0/0; "6", 2/5; "7", 0/4; "9", 0/6; "8a", 0/3; "11p", 0/1; "12a", 0/0; "4sb", 0/0)
9. Lymphatic invasion : present
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : not identified
12. AJCC stage by 8th edition: pT3 N2Ovary and salpinx, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy : METASTATIC CARCINOMA, clinically from stomach
Location: Bilateral ovaries
Greatest dimension: 5.5 cm (left)
Lymphovascular invasion: PRESENT (focal)
Salpingeal extension: Absent (lymphovascular invasion only; left salpinx)
˻ M/D. ESD Ͽٰ 2cm Ѱ 谡 ҺиϿ ´µ...
Stomach, radical total gastrectomy: Advanced gastric carcinoma
1. Location : upper third, Center at high body and lesser curvature
2. Gross type : Borrmann type unclassifiable (mimicking EGC type IIc)
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly (poorly cohesive) differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 5.1x3.1 cm
6. Depth of invasion : invades serosa (pT4a)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma, safety margin: proximal 0.3 cm, distal 16.2 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : no metastasis in 42 regional lymph nodes (pN0) (0/42: "1", 0/2; "2", 0/3; "5", 0/0; "6", 0/3; "7", 0/5; "9", 0/2; "8a", 0/2; "11p", 0/1; "12a", 0/1; "4sb", 0/0; "8p", 0/1; "lymph node", 0/1; 3,5, 0/9; 4,6, 0/12)
9. Lymphatic invasion : present
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : present
12. AJCC stage by 8th edition: pT4a N0
W/D M/D ȭ Ͽ ð ȼҰ߰ depth of invasion correlation ϴ. , P/D SRC ̺ȭ Ͽ ⺸ 찡 ϴ.
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Stomach, radical total gastrectomy: Advanced gastric carcinoma
1. Location : upper third, Center at body and posterior wall
2. Gross type : Borrmann type 3
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly (poorly cohesive) differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 3.7x2.8 cm
6. Depth of invasion : penetrates subserosal connective tissue (pT3)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma, safety margin: p 2.7 cm, d 11.7 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : metastasis to 3 out of 38 regional lymph nodes (pN2) (perinodal extension: present) (3/38: "2", 0/0; "3", 3/10; "4", 0/9; "5", 0/0; "6", 0/4; "7", 0/2; "9", 0/2; "8a", 0/5; "11p", 0/0; "12a", 0/2; "4sb", 0/0; "1", 0/4)
9. Lymphatic invasion : present(+++)
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : not identified
12. Peritoneal cytology : negative
13. AJCC stage by 7th edition: pT3 N2
[] Depth of invasion of a small depressed lesion with focal wall thickening. ΰ ༺ ΰ?
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2025-1-15. ECR
More cases
1 ༺ ϰ EGC type I ʽϴ. 縯Ǵ ȣ ðȸ ڷ Ʒ ֽϴ.
Borrmann type I ༺ϰ EGCa I ð Ұ߸ Ȯ , д̳ bridging fold ֺ ȭ, ڷ й и ʴ Ұ ̻ ħ ûϴ Ұ̴.
1 ༺ Ŀ鼭 ߾ӿ Ըΰ Ͽ 2 Ǵ 쵵 Դϴ. 쿡 ðǻ 1, ǻ 2 ٸ зϱ մϴ.
(EndoTODAY 481) ƽð.... ǹ 1 ༺ ʽϴ. ð濡 1 ༺ Ͽ SM cancer 쵵 ʾҽϴ. ... 'ȯڿԴ ེ ̱' ϰ Ѿ ۿ ϴ. Ʋ ۿ ʹ Ű澲 ŵ ϴ.
head еǾ ־. Ϻ MM Ʒ ֺ stroma Բ MM Ϻ ΰ ־ SM layer herniation ؼϿ.
ʽڴ Ҹ AGC ҷϴ. EGCε...
STG: Early gastric carcinoma
1. Location : lower third, Center at antrum and lesser curvature
2. Gross type : EGC type IIa+IIc
3. Histologic type : tubular adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated
4. Histologic type by Lauren : intestinal
5. Size : 2.8x1.5 cm
6. Depth of invasion : invades mucosa (muscularis mucosae) (pT1a)
7. Resection margin: free from carcinoma. safety margin: proximal 12 cm, distal 1.7 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : no metastasis in 16 regional lymph nodes (pN0)
9. Lymphatic invasion : not identified
10. Venous invasion : not identified
11. Perineural invasion : not identified
12. AJCC stage by 8th edition: pT1a N0
Fundus ħ ֽϴ. depth of invasion Ͻʴϱ?
Ʒ Դϴ. ̵ ߽ϴ.
[2013-4-27. ֵ ]
ħ (ɴ) " ־ ߿ ߿ ϳ ġ մϴ. Antrum ִ II M > SM invasion ɼ , cardia ִ II SM > M invasion ɼ ϴ. 츮 ˰ ִ " Ұ߿ ħ (ɴ) " ο ִ Ͽ ַ Ǹ, Ӿ ü (Ư ) ܰ ħ (ɴ) ؾ Ѵٴ Դϴ.
[2015-1-29. ֵ ]
ȳϼ, . ֱ ʿ EGC-mimicking AGC, AGC-mimicking EGC endotoday ƺ鼭 ֱ ð EGC/AGC ϴ , Ϸ ؾ ϳ ϴ. ܷ ܺ ð AGC ߴµ, ٽ ð ߴ EGC case Ͽϴ.
ȭ⳻ðƲ ִ 2910 м 91.3% п ؼ ãƺ ݰԵ Zܰ , Բ Բ ߴ ־ϴ. (J Sur Onc, 2010;101:384-388) 2001~2003 2910 Ը м (ġ, ũ, ȭ, Lauren's type, ly+, v+, perineural invasion) ˷ּ ڼ о, method EGC ܰ AGC ܿ ̸ ξϴ.
EGC : ٷ Ǵ ð EGC
AGC : ٷ ð濡 AGC̷ ̸ ּ, ð Ǹ ϴ 忡 barium study ϰ ;ϴ. ð游 ϴ ̴ , NBI, EUS ֽ ˻Ǿϴ. ٽ Ѽ, Ȥ 2910 , ð游 group ̴ Դ ñؼ Բ ̷ ϴ. ƴϸ ̷ õ Ͻð Ŵٸ ˷ֽø ϰڽϴ.
[˻翡 ħ , Submucosal invasion in forceps biopsy]
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(1) ˻ ħ. submucosal invasion in forceps biopsy (2) ϾϿ ESD. ESD for suspected submucosal cancer. 2025-9-22
1) Ͽ ༺ ༺ μ , . Ѽȭȸ 1999 (PDF)
2) [2013-4-17 Ѽȭ⳻ðȸ ڷ] ð з ü
3) Survey on endoscopic classification of EGC (EndoTODAY 2013-5-23)
5) AJCC 8th ؼ (輺)
6) AJCC 8th PPT ͳ ڷ
© Ͽð汳 ٸð濬 . EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.