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[Thursday Endoscopy Conference 20160818]

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1. Sloughing esophagitis (= exfoliative esophagitis = esophagus dissecans superficialis, EDS) in dabigatran user

Sloughing esophagitis·Î longitudinal sloughing esophageal mucosa (cast¶ó°í ºÎ¸¨´Ï´Ù)°¡ Ư¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. SloughingÀº 'Çã¹°À» ¹þ´Ù'¶ó´Â ¶æÀÔ´Ï´Ù. º´¸®¿¡¼­µµ ¹þ°ÜÁø epithelium ¿¡ inflammatory infiltration ÀÌ º¸ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀÌ º¸ÅëÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Odynophagia ¿Í °°Àº Áõ»óÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹Áö¸¸ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿øÀÎÀº ´ëºÎºÐ ¾àÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ ½ÄµµÁ¡¸· ¼Õ»óÀ̹ǷΠ¾à¹°·ÂÀ» È®ÀÎÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áö³­ 2¿ù ¼ÒÈ­±â³»½Ã°æÇÐȸ ±³À°ÀÚ·á·Î ³ª¿Â ¹Ù ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

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Sloughing esophagitis À¯¹ß¾àÁ¦·Î NSAID¿Í ÀϺΠÇ×»ýÁ¦°¡ Æ÷ÇԵǴ °ÍÀº Àß ¾Ë·ÁÁ® Àִµ¥ ¾ÕÀ¸·Î dabigatranÀÌ Áß¿äÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù (NOAC ó¹æÀÌ ´Ã°í À־). ÃÖ±Ù ¿¬±¸¿¡ µû¸£¸é DabigatranÀ» º¹¿ëÇÏ°í ³»½Ã°æÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÑ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼­ ½Äµµ¿°ÀÌ ¾à 20% Á¤µµ °üÂûµÈ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù (Toya Y. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016).

Results: Dabigatran-induced esophagitis was found in 19 of 91 (20.9%) patients. Of the 19 patients with the esophagitis, 18 (94.7%) showed longitudinally sloughing epithelial casts in the mid and/or lower esophagus, which may be characteristic endoscopic findings of this disease. Symptomatic patients were more frequent in patients with dabigatran-induced esophagitis (68.4%) than those without (37.5%, P=0.02). Other factors including age, gender, coexistence of hiatal hernia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, or concomitant other medications did not differ between the two groups.

Figure 1. Endoscopic and histologic images of dabigatran-induced esophagitis. (a) Typical longitudinal sloughing of esophageal casts are seen in the mid and lower esophagus. (b) Histologic picture of a biopsy specimen of sloughing casts shows exfoliative esophageal squamous epithelium with eosinophilic degeneration and inflammatory infiltrate (hematoxylin and eosin stain, 200¡¿).

Figure 2. Endoscopic images of dabigatran-induced esophagitis. (a) Circumferential erosions can be seen in the lower esophagus of an 85-year-old man who had been taking dabigatran for 8 weeks. (b) The circumferential erosions disappeared 3 months after dabigatran was changed to warfarin.


2. Borrmann type IV

50´ë ³²¼ºÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À§Ã¼ÇÏºÎ¿Í À§°¢ÀÇ ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ À§¾ÏÀÌ ÀÖÁö¸¸ À§Ã¼ÁߺΠ¼Ò¸¸°ú À§Ã¼»óºÎ ¼Ò¸¸ÀÇ Á¡¸·µµ º¯»öÀ» º¸ÀÌ°í ºÒ±ÔÄ¢ÇÏ¿© Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÏ¿´°í ¸ðµÎ undifferentiated type adenocarcinoma·Î ³ª¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. À§Ã¼ÇϺÎÀÇ deep SM invasion Á¤µµÀÇ EGC (ȤÀº PM cancer)¿Í À§Ã¼»óºÎÀÇ ³ÐÀº EGC IIb Á¤µµ·Î »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Å¸´çÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ º´¸® °á°ú´Â ÃßÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´ø °Íº¸´Ù ¸Å¿ì ½ÉÇß½À´Ï´Ù. º¸¸¸ 4Çü ÁøÇ༺À§¾ÏÀÇ Æ¯ÀÌÇÑ ÇüÅ·Πº¼ ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. º¸¸¸ 4Çü ÁøÇ༺ À§¾ÏÀº ´Ã ¾î·Æ½À´Ï´Ù.

1. Location : middle third, Center at body and lesser curvature
2. Gross type : Borrmann type 4
3. Histologic type : signet-ring cell carcinoma
4. Histologic type by Lauren : diffuse
5. Size : 12x4 cm
6. Depth of invasion : invades serosa (pT4a)
7. Resection margin: involvement of proximal margin by endolymphatic tumor emboli negative distal resection margin, safety margin: proximal 0 cm, distal 0.3 cm
8. Lymph node metastasis : metastasis to 23 out of 24 regional lymph nodes (pN3b) (perinodal extension: absent)
9. Lymphatic invasion : present (+++)
10. Venous invasion : present(intra- and extramural) (++)
11. Perineural invasion : present

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY º¸¸¸ 4Çü ÁøÇ༺ À§¾Ï


3. BGU of the fundus

FundusÀÇ º´¼Ò·Î Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¿¡¼­ H. pylori gastritis Á¤µµ¿´°í Á¦±ÕÄ¡·á¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ±Ë¾çÄ¡·á ÈÄ È£ÀüµÇ¾ú°í ÃßÀû Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¿¡¼­ ƯÀ̼ҰßÀÌ ¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ç¼º À§±Ë¾çÀÇ ÈçÇÑ À§Ä¡´Â ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸ ÇöÀç±îÁö Á¤º¸·Î´Â 'µå¹® À§Ä¡¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýÇÑ ¾ç¼º À§±Ë¾ç'À¸·Î º¼ ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾øÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ÃßÀû°üÂûÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


4. Mantle cell lympoma of the terminal ileum

üÁß°¨¼Ò¸¦ ÁÖ¼Ò·Î ³»¿øÇÑ 60´ë ¿©¼ºÀÇ ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¿¡¼­ mantle cell lymphoma, cyclin D1 (+)°¡ ³ª¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. CT¿¡¼­ ileumÀÌ µÎ²¨¿ö º¸¿´½À´Ï´Ù. °æºÎ ¸²ÇÁÀý°ú °ñ¼ö ħÀ±ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY Mantle cell lymphoma


5. Colon mucosal cancer (LST type)

Colon, rectosigmoid juction, endoscopic mucosal resection:
Intramucosal carcinoma, arising in tubular adenoma
1) size: 0.6x0.3cm
2) invasion to lamina propria (pTis)
3) clear resection margin


[References]

1) SMC Endoscopy Unit »ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø ³»½Ã°æ½Ç

2) SMC Monday GI conference »ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¿ù¿äÁ¡½É¼ÒÈ­±âÁý´ãȸ

3) SMC Thursday endoscopy conference »ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¸ñ¿äÁ¡½É³»½Ã°æÁý´ãȸ

© ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¹Ù¸¥³»½Ã°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÀÌÁØÇà. EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.