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[Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). ´ëº¯ À̽Ä] - ðû
[¾Ë¸²] Á¦°¡ Àü°øÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ºÐ¾ß°¡ ±íÀÌ ÀÖ°Ô ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àü¹®°¡¿¡°Ô ¹®ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÃֽŠ°ßÇظ¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î Ä¡·á¸¦ ¹ÞÀ¸½Ã±â ¹Ù¶ø´Ï´Ù.
1. 2014³â 6¿ù 10ÀÏ ´ëÇѼÒȱ⳻½Ã°æÇÐȸ Áý´ãȸ ñé Fecal transplantation¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ë
ÀÎÇÏ´ëÇб³¿¡¼´Â ³Ä¡¼º pseudomembraneous colitis¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© fecal transplantationÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿© È£ÀüµÈ Áõ·Ê¸¦ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ µû´ÔÀÇ º¯À» Àß preparationÇÏ¿© ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ȯÀÚÀÇ »óÇà°áÀå¿¡ »Ñ¸° Áõ·Ê¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Áï½Ã Áõ»óÀÌ È£ÀüµÇ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
°ü·ÃÇÏ¿© Èï¹Ì·Î¿î Åä·ÐÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¾î¶² donor°¡ ÁÁÀºÁö Áú¹®ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥ microbiota´Â ½Ã°£¿¡ µû¶ó ¹Ù²ð ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÇÔ²² »ç´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ º¯À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù´Â ¹ßÇ¥ÀÚÀÇ ¼³¸íÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Universal donor¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚ·á´Â ºÎÁ·ÇÑ µí ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Upper tract·Î ÁÖ´Â ¹æ¹ý°ú lower tract·Î ÁÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº °¢ÀÚÀÇ Àå´ÜÁ¡Àº ÀÖÀ¸³ª ÀüüÀûÀ¸·Î´Â Å« Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ¾ø´Ù´Â ÂÊÀ¸·Î ³íÀǵǾú½À´Ï´Ù.
Fecal transplantation¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â 2013³â NEJM ³í¹®ÀÌ À¯¸íÇÑ Dutch randomized trialÀÔ´Ï´Ù (¾Æ·¡ ±×·¡ÇÁ ÂüÁ¶). Ç×»ýÁ¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ °æ¿ìº¸´Ù ¿ùµîÈ÷ È¿°ú°¡ ÁÁ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
°ü·ÃÇÏ¿© New York Times ±â»çÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù. Dutch randomized study ÀÌÀü¿¡ ¿©·¯ ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀÌ ¸¹Àº °æÇèÀ» ÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿¹»óÇÏ¿´´ø °á°úÀÌ°í ³î¶øÁö ¾Ê´Ù´Â °ÍÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ùµé ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´ø ³»¿ë °°½À´Ï´Ù. Àú¸¸ »©°í...
"The study was originally meant to include more patients, but it had to be cut short because the antibiotic groups were faring so poorly compared with the transplant patients that it was considered unethical to continue.
The results come as no surprise to doctors who have tried the procedure. Dr. Alexander Khoruts, a gastroenterologist at the University of Minnesota, said he had performed the transplants in more than 100 patients with C. difficile. He said that it worked the first time in 90 percent, and that the other 10 percent were cured with a second treatment."
½ÉÁö¾î´Â Áý¿¡¼ ½º½º·Î fecal transplantationÀ» ÇÏ´Â DIY (Do It Yourself) ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÏ´Â ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ½ÎÀÌÆ®µµ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦¸ñÀº The Power of Poop. ¿ì¸®¸»·Î "¶ËÀÇ Èû"À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. »ì¦ °ÆÁ¤µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
2. 2016³â 4¿ù 11ÀÏ ¿ù¿äÁ¡½ÉÁý´ãȸ¿¡¼ ±èÁö¿ø fellow ¼±»ý´ÔÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ ÀÚ·á Áß fecal transplatation
ÇöÀç·Î¼ refractoryÇÑ °æ¿ì ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ Ä¡·á´Â fecal transplantationÀÔ´Ï´Ù (Choi HH. Clin Endosc 2016).
¹®Çå¿¡ º¸°íµÈ ÀÎÇÏ´ë Áõ·ÊÀÔ´Ï´Ù (Shin JY. Intest Res 2016).
3. 2016³â 4¿ù 12ÀÏ ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ (ÀÎõ¼º¸ðº´¿ø ±ÇűÙ) ÆíÁö
¾È³çÇϽʴϱî? ÀÎõ¼º¸ðº´¿ø¿¡¼ ¼Òȱ⳻°ú ÃËŹÀÇ·Î ±Ù¹«ÁßÀÎ ±Çű٠À̶ó°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌÀü¿¡ ¸î ¹ø ¸ÞÀÏ·Î ±Ã±ÝÇÑ °Í, ¾Ö·Î»çÇ× °°Àº °ÍµéÀ» ¸»¾¸ µå¸° ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥¿ä, FMT (fetal microbiota transplantation)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ëÀ» ½Ç¾îÁּż ¸î °¡Áö ¸»¾¸ µå¸®°íÀÚ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Àú´Â 2012³â - 2013³â±îÁö ¼¿ï¼º¸ðº´¿ø¿¡¼ 2³â°£ ¼Òȱ⳻°ú ÀüÀÓÀÇ·Î ±Ù¹«¸¦ ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÀüÀÓÀÇ ¼ö·á ÀÌÈÄ ¿ÍÀÌÇÁ°¡ ȸ»ç¿¡¼ ÇØ¿Ü¿¬¼ö¸¦ °¡°ÔµÇ¾î Àúµµ 2014³â 7¿ùºÎÅÍ 2015³â 7¿ù±îÁö Boston¿¡¼ ¿¬¼ö¸¦ ÇÒ ±âȸ°¡ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÇöÀç´Â ÀÎõ¼º¸ðº´¿ø¿¡¼ ¼Òȱ⳻°ú ÃËŹÀÇ·Î ±Ù¹«ÁßÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ÀüÀÓÀÇ 1³âÂ÷ ±Ù¹« µµÁß ¼öÂ÷·Ê Àç¹ßÇÏ°í Ç¥ÁØÄ¡·áÁ¦¿¡ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´ø refractory C. difficile infection (CDI) 2¸íÀÌ ÀÖ¾î FMT¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´°í ¼öÀÏ ÈÄ¿¡ ¿ÏÄ¡°¡ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Áõ·Ê¸¦ ±¹³» ÃÖÃÊ·Î ³»°úÇÐȸÁö¿¡ º¸°í¸¦ ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù (±ÇűÙ. ´ëÇѳ»°úÇÐȸÁö 2013;84:395-399).
´ëÇѳ»°úÇÐȸÁö 2013ÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù.
Ç×»ýÁ¦¿¡ ¹ÝÀÀÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â À§¸·¼º ´ëÀå¿°À¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ¿© ´ëº¯ ¼¼±ÕÃÑ À̽ÄÀ» ½ÃÇàÇϱâ·Î °áÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ȯÀÚ ºÎÀÎÀÇ ´ëº¯À» ÀÌ¿ëÇϱâ·Î ÇÏ¿´°í, ºÎÀÎÀº AÇü °£¿°, BÇü °£¿°, »ç¶÷¸é¿ª°áÇ̹ÙÀÌ·¯½º µîÀÌ ¾ø°í, ¼ö°³¿ù À̳»·Î Ç×»ýÁ¦ µîÀÇ ¾à¹° Ä¡·á¸¦ ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀº °Ç°ÇÑ ¼ºÀÎÀ̾úÀ¸¸ç, ´ëº¯°Ë»ç¿¡¼ C. difficile µ¶¼Ò, °áÇÙ±Õ, ¹éÇ÷±¸ µîÀÌ °ËÃâµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ´ëº¯ 150 gÀ» äÁýÇÏ¿© »ý¸®½Ä¿°¼ö 300 mL¿Í ÇÔ²² ºÐ¼â±â(NJM-9060, NUC, Dae-gu, Korea)¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ºÐ¼â ÈÄ Ã¼¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© Â±â¸¦ °É·¯³»°í ³²Àº ¾×ü¸¦ ºÐ¸®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. »óºÎÀ§Àå°ü ³»½Ã°æÀ» ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå Á¦2ºÎ±îÁö »ðÀÔÇÏ°í °âÀÚ°øÀ» ÅëÇØ ÁغñµÈ ¾×ü¸¦ 30 cc ÁÖ»ç±â·Î ÁÖÀÔÇÏ¿´´Ù. ½ÃÇà ´ÙÀ½³¯ ¼³»ç Ƚ¼ö°¡ 1ȸ·Î È£ÀüµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, 2ÀÏ° µÇ´ø ³¯ ¼³»ç°¡ ¸ØÃß¾ú´Ù.
ÀÌÈÄ¿¡µµ ¼¿ï¼º¸ðº´¿ø »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ñ ¼º¸ðº´¿ø °è¿ÀÇ FMT ´Â Á¦°¡ ÃÑ°ýÀ» ÇÏ¿©¼ ¿îÀÌ ÁÁ¾Ò´ø °ÍÀÎÁö, ºÒÇàÀÎ °ÍÀÎÁö ±¹³»¿¡¼´Â °¡Àå ¸¹Àº FMT ¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦°¡ FMT ¸¦ ÇÏ¿´´ø ȯÀÚ Áß¿¡¼´Â ARDS ¿¡ refractory CDI °¡ ÇÕº´µÇ¾î intubation À» ÇÑ »óÅ¿¡¼ ICU ¿¡¼ FMT ¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÑ Áõ·Ê°¡ ÀÖ¾ú°í (WJG 2014), shock, severe abdominal distension À» µ¿¹ÝÇÑ severe, complcated CDI (fulminant CDI) ÀÇ Áõ·Êµµ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù (Gweon TG. Gut Liver 2015). À§ÀÇ 3Áõ·Ê´Â Á¦°¡ ³»½Ã°æÇÐȸ Áý´ãȸ, À忬±¸ÇÐȸ Áý´ãȸ µî¿¡¼ Áõ·Ê¹ßÇ¥¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ FMT donor screening, protocolÀ» ¸î °³ÀÇ ´ëÇп¡ µå¸° ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
±³¼ö´Ô²²¼ ¼Ò°³ÇØ ÁֽŠ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ FMT´Â refractory CDI ÀÇ ¿ì¼öÇÑ Ä¡·á¹ýÀ̸ç, severe CDI, immunocompromised patients±îÁö ÀûÀÀÁõÀÌ È®´ë´ë°í ÀÖ´Â Ãß¼¼ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. FMTÀÇ °æ¿ì high impact journal ¿¡ ½Ç¸° ¿¬±¸µéÀº °ÅÀÇ ¹Ì±¹ µ¿ºÎ¿¡¼ ½ÃÇàµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ij³ª´Ù Äù¹éÁö¹æ¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇÑ hypervirulent B1/027 C. difficile strain À¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ÀÌ Áö¿ª¿¡ refractory CDI°¡ ¸¹¾Æ FMT ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸°¡ È°¹ßÈ÷ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹Ì±¹, ij³ª´ÙÀÇ °æ¿ì hospital acquired CDI Áß hypervirulent strainÀÌ ¾à 50%¸¦ ±¹³»¿¡¼ ½ÃÇàÇÑ ´ÜÀϱâ°ü ÀüÇâÀû ¿¬±¸¿¡¼ 1³â°£ C. difficile ÀÇ strain ºÐ¼®À» ½ÃÇàÇÑ °á°ú 5% ¹Ì¸¸À¸·Î È®ÀεǾú½À´Ï´Ù.
º¸½ºÅÏ ¿¬¼öµµÁß Á¦°¡ DDW µî¿¡¼ ¾È¸éÀ» ÀÍÈ÷°í ¸ÞÀÏÀ» ÁÖ°í ¹Þ´ø FMT ÀÇ ´ë°¡(?) µéÀÇ º´¿øÀ» ¹æ¹®ÇÏ°í ½Ã¼úÀ» Âü°üÇÒ ±âȸµµ ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥¿ä, Á¦°¡ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´ø ȯÀڵ鿡 ºñÇØ Àþ°í ÇÕº´Áõµµ ¾ø´Â ȯÀÚµéÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î FMT ¸¦ ÇÏ¿´°í, ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÏµí ¿Ü·¡ base·Î ½ÃÇàÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸°í ³î¶ó±âµµ ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Áö±Ý±îÁö ½ÃÇàµÇ¾ú´ø ¹®Çå¿¡ º¸°íµÈ FMT ÀÇ 3/4 ÀÌ»óÀº ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ µîÀÇ ÇϺÎÀ§Àå°üÀ» ÅëÇÑ ÁÖÀÔÀ» ÇÏ¿´À¸³ª, Á¦°¡ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´ø ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ È¯ÀÚµéÀÇ °æ¿ì 70-80¼¼ °¡·®ÀÇ °í·É¿¡ ÇÑ °¡Áö ÀÌ»óÀÇ ÇÕº´ÁõÀ» µ¿¹ÝÇÑ È¯ÀÚµéÀÌ ¸¹¾Æ¼ colon retensionÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ È¯ÀÚµéÀÌ ´ëºÎºÐÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ Àú´Â À§³»½Ã°æÀ» ÅëÇÑ »óºÎÀ§Àå°ü ÁÖÀÔÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ ½ÃµµÇÏ¿´°í, Á¦°¡ Áö±Ý±îÁö ½ÃÇàÇÑ FMTÀÇ È¯ÀÚ¼ö´Â ¸¹Áö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸ (»óºÎ7¸í, ÇϺÎ3¸í) »óºÎ·Î ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´ø ȯÀڵ鸸À» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÀÌ È¯ÀÚµéÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ °í·É¿¡ ¿©·¯°¡Áö ÇÕº´ÁõÀ» µ¿¹ÝÇÑ ÁßÇÑ È¯ÀÚµéÀÌ¾î¼ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡ upper GI tract¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ FMT °¡ È¿°úÀûÀÎ Ä¡·á¹æ¹ýÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ³í¹®À» ¾²°Ô µÇ¾ú°í, ÇöÀç Gastrointestinal Research and Practice¿¡ accept µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù (Gweon TG. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2016).
Background and Aims. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a highly effective treatment option for refractory Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). FMT may be challenging in patients with a low performance status, because of their poor medical condition. The aims of this study were to describe our experience treating patients in poor medical condition with refractory or severe complicated CDI using FMT via the upper GI tract route. Methods. This study was a retrospective review of seven elderly patients with refractory or severe complicated CDI and a poor medical condition who were treated with FMT through the upper GI tract route from May 2012 through August 2013. The outcomes studied included the cure rate of CDI and adverse events. Results. Of these seven patients who received FMT via the upper GI tract route, all patients were cured. During the 11-month follow-up period, CDI recurrence was observed in two patients; rescue FMT was performed in these patients, which led to a full cure. Vomiting was observed in two patients. Conclusions. FMT via the upper gastrointestinal tract route may be effective for the treatment of refractory or severe complicated CDI in patients with a low performance status. Physicians should be aware of adverse events, especially vomiting.
Ȥ½Ã³ª FMT donor screening, procedure ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ protocol ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇϰųª, refractory CDI·Î FMT°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇϳª º´¿ø»çÁ¤À¸·Î ½ÃÇàÇϱⰡ Èûµç °æ¿ì Àü¿øÇØ Áֽøé ÀúÀÇ °æÇèÀ» Åä´ë·Î Àû±ØÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÃÇàÇÏ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ³Î¸®¾Ë·ÁÁÖ½Ã¸é °¨»çÇÏ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÎõ¼º¸ðº´¿ø ¼Òȱ⳻°ú ±Çű٠µå¸² (e-mail: gweontae@naver.com)
4. [2017-6-17. °³²¼¼ºê¶õ½º ½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö] Fecal microbiota transplantation for functional GI disorders. Jae Joon Park (Yonsei Univ)
IBS ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ Àå³»¼¼±ÕÃÑÀÇ º¯È°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Restoration of normal intestinal homeostasis via FMT may result in symptomatic improvement.
1958³â FMT°¡ ÃÖÃÊ·Î º¸°íµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. (Ben Eiseman ¹Ú»ç)
2016³â Á¦4Â÷ ½ÅÀÇ·á±â¼úÆò°¡¿¡¼ ¾ÈÀü¼º,À¯È¿¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ÀÇ·á±â¼ú·Î ÀÎÁ¤µÇ¾úÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÇöÀç 'ÀÎÁ¤ºñ±Þ¿©'·Î ½ÃÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀûÀÀÁõÀº 'Àç¹ß¼º ¶Ç´Â ±âÁ¸ Ç×»ýÁ¦ Ä¡·á¿¡ ¹ÝÀÀÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â Clostridium difficile °¨¿° ȯÀÚ' ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ºñ¿ëÀº 70-80¸¸¿ø ¼öÁØ.
°³²¼¼ºê¶õ½º º´¿ø¿¡¼´Â stoolÀ» Áø´Ü°Ë»çÀÇÇаú¿¡¼ preparationÀ» ÇÏ°í ¼Òȱ⳻°ú¿¡¼´Â ÁÖÀÔ¸¸ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀÌ ½ÃµµµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
[ÃÖ¸í±Ô ±³¼ö´Ô comment] ¼º¸ðº´¿ø¿¡´Â 20¿¹°¡ Á¶±Ý ³Ñ´Â Áõ·Ê°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, fresh stool¸¸À¸·Î ½Å¼ÓÈ÷ ½Ã¼úÇϱ⠾î·Á¿ö frozen stool·Î ½Ã¼úÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¸¸µé°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Stool bank¸¦ ¼³¸³ ÁßÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ºÐ¾ß¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛ ±¸Ãà°ú Áú°ü¸®°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
[2021-9-2] ÇöÀç ½ÃÆÇ Á¦Á¦°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
1) EndoTODAY Fecal microbiota transplantation
2) EndoTODAY Microbiota and SIBO
3) General understanding of enteric microbiota. ÇѾç´ëÇб³ ±èÁ¤¸ñ (2014-8-8)
4) European consenssus (Gut 2017, Cammarota G)
5) Complications of FMT (Mayo) - 2021-2-25 ³»½Ã°æ Áý´ãȸ
© ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¹Ù¸¥³»½Ã°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÀÌÁØÇà. EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.