Parasite | Eso | Sto | Cancer | ESD
[¿ÍÆĸ° »ç¿ëÀÚÀÇ ³»½Ã°æ. Endoscopy and warfarin] - ðû
Position statement (2020-2-13. ÀÌÁØÇà): Á¦°¡ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â º¹¼öÀÇ ÃֽŠ°¡À̵å¶óÀο¡ µû¸£¸é ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ Áø´Ü³»½Ã°æÀ» À§Çؼ ¹Ì¸® warfarinÀ» ²÷À» ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. INRÀÌ Àß À¯ÁöµÇ´ø ȯÀÚ¿¡¼´Â Á¶Á÷°Ë»çµµ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ ÀÇ·á ÇöÀå¿¡¼´Â ¸çÄ¥ Á¤µµÀÇ warfarin Áß´ÜÀÌ °üÇàÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Ä¡·á³»½Ã°æÀ» À§ÇÑ warfarin ÁߴܹýÀÌ Áø´Ü³»½Ã°æ Àü¿¡µµ Àû¿ëµÇ´Â ¿¹°¡ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æ Àǻ簡 warfarin Áß´ÜÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â Ÿ Áø·á°ú¿¡¼ ±â°èÀûÀ¸·Î ¾à¹° º¹¿ë Áß´ÜÀ» ±ÇÇϱ⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇÑ »ç°í´Â °è¼ÓµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Á¶¼ÓÈ÷ ±¹°¡ Â÷¿øÀÇ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀÌ Á¦Á¤µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇÑ º´¿ø ³»¿¡¼, ÇÑ Àü¹®°¡ ´Üü ³»¿¡¼µµ ÅëÀϵÇÁö ¾Ê°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡, º¸´Ù °·ÂÇÑ ±¹°¡ Â÷¿øÀÇ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
Ãß°¡ ÀÇ°ß (2020-6-27): µÎ °¡Áö¸¦ »ý°¢ÇØ º¸¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. (1) ¿ÍÆĸ° »ç¿ëÀÚ¿¡¼ therapeutic range¿¡¼ Àß °ü¸®µÇ´Â ºñÀ²ÀÌ 50% Á¤µµÀÎ Çö½ÇÀ» °í·ÁÇÒ ¶§ ½Ã¼ú Àü PT (INR) °Ë»ç°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ¸î ÁÖ À̳» °Ë»ç±îÁö ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ ¸íÈ®ÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. (2) ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»çÀÇ Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç ºñÀ²ÀÌ Áß¿äÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. Áö¿ªº°, °Ë»çÀÚ º° Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç ºñÀ²ÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ´Ù¸£¸é µ¿ÀÏÇÏ°Ô °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ» µû¸£´õ¶óµµ Áö¿ªº°, °Ë»ç»çº° ÃâÇ÷ ¹ß»ý·üÀÌ ´Ù¸£°Ô ³ª¿Ã °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Ãß°¡ ÀÇ°ß (2023-8-15): ¿ÍÆĸ° »ç¿ëÀÚÀÇ elective Ä¡·á³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼´Â ´ëºÎºÐ ¿ÍÆĸ° ó¹æ°ú¿¡ ÀÇ·ÚÇÏ¿© ¾à¹° Áß´Ü°ú Àç»ç¿ë ÁöħÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ Ưº°ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ ¾ø´Â ÇÑ ±×´ë·Î ÁøÇàÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÀ±Þ ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼´Â ¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´ÜÀÇ ÁöħÀº ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. Clinical decision makingÀÇ ¿µ¿ªÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
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ÀúÀÇ typicalÇÑ ¿Ü·¡ chartÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ô ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷´Â °ÍÀº ³Ê~~~~~~~~~~¹« À§ÇèÇÑ ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
1. '´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ +/- ¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼ú' Àü anti-thrombotics Áß´Ü (version: 2017-3-28)
3. ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷´Â °ÍÀº ¾ó¸¶³ª À§ÇèÇÑ ÀÏÀϱî¿ä?
4. Patients' risk stratification
5. Procedures' risk strification
6. ȯÀÚ¿Í ½Ã¼úÀÇ risk stratification¿¡ µû¸¥ ±¸¹ÌÀÇ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ
7. ¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´Ü ÈÄ ½Ã¼ú Àü prothrombin timeÀº ¾ó¸¶°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß Çϴ°¡?
8. ¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´Ü °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀº ¾ó¸¶³ª ÁöÄÑÁö°í Àִ°¡?
9. Stopping warfarin before gastric EMR/ESD
10. Heparin bridge´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ´õ ÀÌ»ó ±ÇÀ¯µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °æÇâÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
11. LMWH (low molecular weight heparin, Enoxaparin)ÀÇ Æ¯¼º
13. ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» Á¾ÇÕÇÑ ÀÌÁØÇàÀÇ ¹æ¹ý
14. FAQ
15. References
¾Ë¸²: ¾Æ½ºÇǸ°, ¿ÍÆĸ°, NOAC »ç¿ë ȯÀÚÀÇ ³»½Ã°æ ½Ã¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁöħÀº °è¼Ó º¯°æµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ EndoTODAY¿¡ Á¦½ÃµÈ ¹æ¹ýÀº °ú°Å¿¡´Â Ÿ´çÇßÀ»Áö¶óµµ Çö ½ÃÁ¡¿¡µµ À¯È¿ÇÑÁö´Â °¢ÀÚ È®ÀÎÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù. »õ·Ó°Ô Á¦½ÃµÇ´Â ÀÇ·áÁ¤º¸¿Í °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ» realtimeÀ¸·Î ¹Ý¿µÇϱ⠾î·Æ±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. (2017-10-15. ÀÌÁØÇà)
1. '´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ +/- ¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼ú' Àü anti-thrombotics Áß´Ü (2017-3-28)
´ë·«ÀûÀÌ°í ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °³º° ȯÀÚ¿¡¼´Â ´ã´ç ÀÇ»çÀÇ ÆÇ´Ü¿¡ µû¶ó ÀûÀýÈ÷ Á¶ÀýÇؼ Àû¿ëÇØ Áֽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.
ÀÓ»ó°»ç ¼±»ý´Ôµé²². ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ ½Ã Ç×Ç÷ÀüÁ¦ »ç¿ë Áß´Ü ¾È¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ÃÖ±Ù ³íÀÇ°¡ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. º¸³»µå¸®´Â ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ°ú °°ÀÌ ½ÉÀåÁúȯ, ³úÇ÷°üÁúȯÀÇ °íÀ§Ç豺À̰ųª ¾Æ½ºÇǸ°À» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ Ç×Ç÷¼ÒÆÇ (clopidogrel, ticagrelor, prasugrel...), Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦ (warfarin, NOAC....) ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â ±âÁ¸¿¡ ÇØ¿À´ø °Íó·³ ÇØ´ç°ú ÇùÁø ÀÇ°ßÀ» µû¸£±â·Î ÇÏ¿´°í, ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» ¹Þ°ÔµÇ´Â ÀúÀ§Ç豺 ȯÀÚµéÀº ¾Æ½ºÇǸ°À» Áß´ÜÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æµµ ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ with ¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼ú (´Ü 1cm ¹Ì¸¸ÀÇ ¿ëÁ¾)Àº °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù·Î ¼öÁ¤ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¸¸¾à ÀúÀ§Ç豺 ȯÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Àǻ簡 ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ¿© ¾Æ½ºÇǸ°À» ²÷°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù¸é 4ÀÏ Áß´ÜÀ» ±ÇÀ¯Çϱâ·Î ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Ç×Ç÷ÀüÁ¦ Àç½ÃÀÛÀº ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀ» ÂüÁ¶ÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù. °¨»çÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 2017-3-28. ¼Òȱ⳻°ú ±èÅÂÁØ
¾î¶² °¨»çÀÇ ±ÛÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù (Miller 1999). Acknowledgement´Â ³í¹®À̳ª ¸®ºä¸¦ ¾²´Âµ¥ µµ¿òÀ» ÁØ ½º½Â ȤÀº µ¿·á¿¡°Ô °¨»çÀÇ ¶æÀ» ÀüÇÏ´Â °ø°£ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ¸¦ ¾ð±ÞÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¹«Ã´ ÀÌ·ÊÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Miller¶ó´Â ÀúÀÚ°¡ Mr. PG¶ó´Â ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô °¨»ç¸¦ Ç¥ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Dr. PG°¡ ¾Æ´Ï°í Mr. PGÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
±×·±µ¥ acknowledgementÀÇ ³»¿ëÀÌ Ãæ°ÝÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. "The authors wish to dedicate this article to Mr PG, who died following a serious thromboembolic complication during preparation for an endoscopic procedure." ³»½Ã°æÀ» ÁغñÇÏ´ø Áß »ç¸ÁÇÑ PG ¾¾¿¡°Ô ¸®ºä¸¦ ¹ÙÄ£´Ù´Â ³»¿ëÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ°¡ Á×°í³ ÈÄ¿¡¾ß °ü·Ã ºÐ¾ß¸¦ °øºÎÇÏ¿© Àü¹®°¡°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹Ì¸® °øºÎÇß´õ¶ó¸é ¾ó¸¶³ª ÁÁ¾ÒÀ»±î¿ä?
ÇÕº´ÁõÀº ³²ÀÇ ÀÏó·³ ´À²¸Áö±â ½±½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ²À ±×·¸°Ô º¼ Àϵµ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. ù ÇÕº´ÁõÀÌ »ç¸ÁÀÏ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â °£Á¢ °æÇèÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹º°¡¸¦ ¹è¿ö¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á÷Á¢ °æÇèÇϱâ Àü ÀûÀýÇÑ risk sensingÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹®Çå¿¡¼´Â ¾àÀ» ¿À·¡ ²÷Áö ¸»µµ·Ï ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÏ°üµÈ ±Ç°íÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹«½ÃÇÏÁö ¸¿½Ã´Ù.
3. ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷´Â °ÍÀº ¾ó¸¶³ª À§ÇèÇÑ ÀÏÀϱî¿ä?
¾î¶² °í·É ¿©ÀÚ È¯ÀÚ¸¦ Áø·áÇÏ¸é¼ ½Å°æ°ú ±â·Ï¿¡¼ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ³»¿ëÀ» º¸¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. À§³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç Àü ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷°í À§³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç ÈÄ Right MCA insular infarct°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù´Â ½½Ç »ç¿¬À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
Á¦°¡ ȯÀÚ ¾ÈÀü¿¡ °ü½ÉÀÌ ¸¹¾Æ¼ÀÎÁö ¸ð¸£°ÚÀ¸³ª ¾Æ½ºÇǸ°À̳ª ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ô ²÷°í ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç¸¦ ¹Þ´ø Áß ÁßdzÀ̳ª »ç¸ÁÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÑ »ç·Ê¸¦ ÀÚÁÖ Á¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ» ÁöÅ°´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡´Â ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ Áõ·ÊÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
70´ë ¿©¼º (2017). She was on warfarin due to multiple CVA episodes due to atrial fibrillation. Screening gastroscopy and colonoscopy was done after stopping warfarin for 5 days. A few colon adenomas were removed by biopsy forceps. She started taking warfarin again 4 days after the screening endoscopy. Two days later, fatal massive MCA infartion developed.
´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç Àü ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷Áö ¾Êµµ·Ï ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. INRÀÌ ÀûÀýÇß´ø ȯÀÚ¶ó¸é ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷Áö ¾Ê°í ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÏ´ø Áß ¾Ï Àǽɺ´¼Ò°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ¸é Á¶Á÷°Ë»çµµ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Mechanical valve heart prosthesis¸¦ °¡Áø »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾Æ¹«·± ¿¹¹æÁ¶Ã³¸¦ ÃëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é major embolic event°¡ ¸Å³â 4%¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Ç×Ç÷¼ÒÆÇÁ¦¸¦ º¹¿ëÇÏ¸é ¸Å³â 2.2%·Î °¨¼ÒÇÏ°í, Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦¸¦ º¹¿ëÇÏ¸é ¸Å³â 1%·Î °¨¼ÒÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷Áö ¾Ê´õ¶óµµ major embolic event°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷À¸¸é rebound hypercoagulable state¸¦ °í·ÁÇÏÁö ¾Ê´õ¶óµµ 4¹è À§ÇèÇØÁø´Ù´Â ÀǹÌÀÔ´Ï´Ù (GIE 1998).
ÆǸ·ÁúȯÀÌ ¾ø´Â ½É¹æ¼¼µ¿ ȯÀÚÀÇ thromboembolic events À§ÇèÀº ¸Å³â 5-7%ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÁÖ´ç 0.1-0.15%ÀÎ ¼ÀÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Á¤µµ¸é Å©°Ô À§ÇèÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù±¸¿ä? ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. (1) Rebound hypercoagulable state, (2) ´ë»óȯÀÚ°¡ ¸Å¿ì ¸¹´Ù´Â Á¡, (3) °í·ÉÈ°¡ ÁøÇàµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡ µîÀ» °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. »ç½Ç ¸Å¿ì ½É°¢ÇÑ ¼öÁØÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÁÖÀÇÇÏ°í ¶Ç ÁÖÀÇÇսôÙ.
Los Angeles¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ Cedars-Sinai Medical Center¿¡¼ Withdrawal of warfarin prior to a surgical procedure: time to follow the guidelines?¶ó´Â Èï¹Ì·Î¿î ¹ßÇ¥¸¦ ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÃÊ·ÏÀ» ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù.
"Over a 12-month period, 14 cases of cardioembolic cerebral infarction occurring during the period of warfarin withdrawal for a medical procedure were observed... Cerebral infarctions developed an average of 5.4 days after the last dose of warfarin (range 3-8)... Each had been on chronic anticoagulation with warfarin for more than 1 year." ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷°í ¾à 5ÀÏ° ³ú°æ»öÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿´´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ Áß¿äÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÏÁÖÀÏ µ¿¾È ²÷´Â °üÇàÀº ¹«Ã´ À§ÇèÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
"Retrospective analysis suggested that all these cerebral infarctions had been potentially preventable. In each case, either the planned procedure did not require discontinuation of warfarin or, when withdrawal was required, no bridging, parenteral anticoagulation was provided to lessen the risk during the warfarin-free period." ÇÕº´Áõ »ç·Ê¸¦ Àß °ËÅäÇØ º¸¾Ò´õ´Ï °¢±â ¾îµò°¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù´Â ÁöÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ» Àß ÁöÄ×´õ¶ó¸é ¸·À» ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù´Â °á·ÐÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ³í¹®ÀÇ ºÎÁ¦°¡ 'time to follow the guidelines?'ÀÎ ¸ð¾çÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î warfarin adjustment ÈÄ ³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÏ¿´À» ¶§ stroke risk¸¦ Æò°¡ÇÑ ³í¹®µµ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù (Blacker 2003). Atrial fibrillation ȯÀÚ°¡ ³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇßÀ» ¶§ strokeÀÇ ºóµµ¸¦ ÈÄÇâÀûÀ¸·Î Á¶»çÇÑ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 1.06%¿¡¼ stroke°¡ ¿Ô´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ¸Å¿ì ³ôÀº ¼öÄ¡¶ó°í »ý°¢Çϴµ¥ ÀúÀÚ´Â ÇÑ°¡ÇÏ°Ôµµ strokeÀÇ À§ÇÔÀÌ ³·´Ù("The risk of stroke is low")°í ¸»ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·±...
RESULTS: Twelve strokes occurred in 987 patients undergoing 1,137 procedures (1.06%/procedure). The risk ranged from 0.31% for patients with nonvalvular AF undergoing routine procedures to 2.93% for complex patients undergoing endoscopies combined with other procedures or with comorbid illnesses. Patients with stroke were more likely to be complex (7/12 vs 219/975, p = 0.04); to be older than 80 years (6/12 vs 187/975, p = 0.017); to have a history of stroke (7/12 vs 194/975, p = 0.004), hypertension (10/12 vs 508/975, p = 0.04), or hyperlipidemia (9/12 vs 334/975, p = 0.005); or to have a family history of vascular disease (10/12 vs 502/975, p = 0.039).
CONCLUSIONS: The risk of stroke in patients with AF whose anticoagulation is adjusted for endoscopies is low, but almost tenfold higher in patients with complex clinical situations. Age, history of stroke, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and family history of vascular disease may increase the risk of stroke.
ÀÌ¿Í´Â ¹Ý´ë·Î ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ª°Ô ²÷À¸¸é ("more than 80% of patients had warfarin therapy withheld for 5 days or fewer") thromboembolic risk°¡ ±×¸® ³ôÁö ¾Ê´Ù´Â New Mexico ´ëÇÐÀÇ ¿¬±¸µµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿©ÇÏÆ° ¹«Ã´ Çò°¥¸®´Â ºÐ¾ßÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ» ¾ó¸¶³ª Àß ÁöÄ×´À³Ä¿¡ ´Þ¸° °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
[ÀÌÁØÇàÀÇ È¯ÀÚ ¼³¸í¼ (accessed on 2020-2-13)]
¿ÍÆĸ° »ç¿ë ȯÀÚÀÇ ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÇ°ßÀº ´Ù¾çÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Åë»ó ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷°í °Ë»çÇϸé Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀåÁ¡Àº ÀÖÁö¸¸ ±× ±â°£µ¿¾È »ó´çÇÑ À§Çè¿¡ ³ëÃâµË´Ï´Ù.
Àú´Â ¿ÍÆĸ° ²÷Áö ¾Ê°í °Ë»çÇϵµ·Ï ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Ȥ½Ã Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »óȲÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ±×¶§ ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷°í ´Ù½Ã °Ë»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Æí¸®ÇÑ °Íµµ Áß¿äÇÏÁö¸¸ ¾ÈÀüÀÌ ´õ¿í Áß¿äÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿ä¾àÇÏ¸é µÎ¹ø °Ë»çÇÏ´Â ÇÑÀÌ ÀÖ´õ¶óµµ ¹Ì¸®ºÎÅÍ ²÷´Â °ÍÀº º°·Î ÁÁÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
4. Patients' risk stratification
ÀÏÀü¿¡ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖÁö¸¸ (EndoTODAY 20120304) ¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´ÜÀÇ À§Ç豺 ±¸ºÐÀº ¸íÈ®ÇÕ´Ï´Ù (ASGE guideline 1998).
1) High risk conditions
- Atrial fibrillation associated with valvular heart disease
- Mechanical valve in the mitral position
- Mechanical valve and prior thromboembolic event
2) Low risk conditions
- Deep vein thrombosis
- Uncomplicated or paroxysmall nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
- Bioprosthetic valve
- Mechanical valve in the aortic position
¾Æ·¡´Â ȯÀÚ Æ¯¼º¿¡ µû¸¥ À§Çèµµ¸¦ Á» ´õ ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ³ª´« Ç¥ÀÔ´Ï´Ù (Spyropoulos AC. J Thromb Haemost 2016).
5. Procedures' risk stratification
½Ã¼úµµ °íÀ§Çè ½Ã¼ú°ú ÀúÀ§Çè ½Ã¼ú·Î ºÐ·ùµË´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡ Ç¥ÀÇ »ó´ÜÀ» º¸½Ê½Ã¿À. ³»½Ã°æ Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç±îÁö´Â ÀúÀ§Çè ½Ã¼úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Polypectomy, EMR, ESD, PEG µîÀº °íÀ§Çè½Ã¼úÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¾Æ·¡´Â ½Ã¼ú¿¡ µû¸¥ ÃâÇ÷ À§Çèµµ¸¦ Á» ´õ ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ³ª´« Ç¥ÀÔ´Ï´Ù (Spyropoulos AC. J Thromb Haemost 2016).
ƯÀÌÇÏ°Ôµµ ÀÌ ¸®ºä¿¡¼´Â polypectomy¸¦ high bleeding risk·Î, endoscopy +/- biopsy¸¦ (minimaÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó) low bleeding risk·Î ºÐ·ùÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù
6. ȯÀÚ¿Í ½Ã¼úÀÇ risk stratification¿¡ µû¸¥ ±¸¹ÌÀÇ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ
ȯÀÚÀÇ À§Çèµµ¿Í ½Ã¼úÀÇ À§Çèµµ¸¦ °í·ÁÇÏ¿© ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ±ÇÀ¯µÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (ASGE guideline 2002).
ºÐ·ù | °íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚ | ÀúÀ§Çè ȯÀÚ |
°íÀ§Çè ½Ã¼ú | Discontinue warfarin 3-5 days. Consider heparin coverage. | Discontinue warfarin 3-5 days. |
ÀúÀ§Çè ½Ã¼ú | Continue warfarin |
ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â 3-5ÀÏÀüÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±×³É 5ÀÏ Àü ²÷´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ´Ü¼øȵǴ °æÇâÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ 4ÀÏ Àü ²÷°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù¸¸...
¿©ÇÏÆ° ¸ðµç ±¸¹ÌÀÇ °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡ µû¸£¸é ÀúÀ§Çè ½Ã¼ú¿¡¼´Â ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷Áö ¾Ê¾Æ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æ°ú Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç´Â ÀúÀ§Çè ½Ã¼úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ¼±¸ °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡ ÀÇÇϸé À§³»½Ã°æ°ú Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ À§Çؼ´Â ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷À» ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð INRÀÌ ³Ê¹« ³ôÀ¸¸é ¾à°£ÀÇ Á¶ÀýÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù ("No change in anticoagulation. Elective procedures should be delayed while INR is in supratherapeutic range").
±×·¯³ª ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷Áö ¾Ê°í Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ´Ù¼Ò °ÆÁ¤½º·´½À´Ï´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î ¸¹Àº ±¹³» Àü¹®°¡µéÀº Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç Àü ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ¼³¸íÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (ÀÌÁØÇà ¿Ü·¡¼³¸íÀÚ·á).
¿ÍÆĸ° »ç¿ë ȯÀÚÀÇ ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÇ°ßÀº ´Ù¾çÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Åë»ó ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷°í °Ë»çÇϸé Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀåÁ¡Àº ÀÖÁö¸¸ ±× ±â°£µ¿¾È »ó´çÇÑ À§Çè¿¡ ³ëÃâµË´Ï´Ù.
Àú´Â ¿ÍÆĸ° ²÷Áö ¾Ê°í °Ë»çÇϵµ·Ï ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Ȥ½Ã Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »óȲÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ±×¶§ ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷°í ´Ù½Ã °Ë»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Æí¸®ÇÑ °Íµµ Áß¿äÇÏÁö¸¸ ¾ÈÀüÀÌ ´õ¿í Áß¿äÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿ä¾àÇÏ¸é µÎ¹ø °Ë»çÇÏ´Â ÇÑÀÌ ÀÖ´õ¶óµµ ¹Ì¸®ºÎÅÍ ²÷´Â °ÍÀº º°·Î ÁÁÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¿ì¸®ÀÇ °ø½Ä °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀÌ »¡¸® ¸¸µé¾îÁ®¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
[2016-6-6. ÀÌÁØÇà Ãß°¡]
2016³â 5¿ù ¹ß°£µÈ ÇÑ ¸®ºä¿¡¼´Â colon polypectomy¸¦ high risk procedure·Î endoscopy +/- biopsy¸¦ (minimalÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó) low bleeding risk procedure·Î ºÐ·ùÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù (°ü·Ã table). ±×¸®°íminimal risk procedure°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¸é ¿ÍÆĸ°À̳ª direct acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC)¸¦ ²÷¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç Àü¿¡ Ç×»ó ¿ÍÆĸ°À̳ª DOAC¸¦ ²÷¾î¾ß ÇÏ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ µÇ´Âµ¥¿ä... ÀÌ´Â ±âÁ¸ ¹Ì±¹ °¡À̵å¶óÀΰú Å©°Ô ´Ù¸¥ ³»¿ëÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇâÈÄ Á¤½Ä °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ¹Ý¿µµÉ °ÍÀÎÁö °ü½ÉÀÖ°Ô ÁöÄѺ¼ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
7. ¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´Ü ÈÄ ½Ã¼ú Àü prothrombin timeÀº ¾ó¸¶°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß Çϴ°¡?
¿ÍÆĸ°À» Àá½Ã INRÀÌ ¾ó¸¶°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß ½Ã¼úÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ»±î¿ä? Àú´Â INR 1.5 ÀÌÇϸé ESD¸¦ ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷´Â ±â°£À» ÁÙÀ̱â À§ÇÏ¿© ¹Ì¸® vitamin K1À» 2.5mg Åõ¿©ÇÏ´Â ÃʽÄ("to reduce the period without warfarin to 2 days, give vitamin K1 2.5mg orally")µµ ÀÖÁö¸¸ Àú´Â »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´Ü ÈÄ INRÀÌ »¡¸® µ¹¾Æ¿ÀÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¶§¸¸ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
[2016-6-6. ÀÌÁØÇà Ãß°¡]
2016³â 5¿ù ¹ß°£µÈ ÇÑ ¸®ºä¿¡¼ ¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ó¼¼ÇÑ protocolÀÌ Á¦½ÃµÈ °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ·± ºÎºÐÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. "Access INR before the procedure; proceed with surgery if the INR is < 1.5. If the INR is > 1.5 and < 1.8, consider low-dose oral vitamin reversal (1-2.5 mg)."
8. ¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´Ü °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀº ¾ó¸¶³ª ÁöÄÑÁö°í Àִ°¡?
¸¹Àº °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ¿ÍÆĸ° ²÷´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº Àǻ縶´Ù õÂ÷¸¸º°ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ» ±×´ë·Î Àû¿ëÇϱ⠾î·Á¿î °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
µ¿¾ç ÀÇ»ç¿Í ¼¾ç ÀÇ»çÀÇ ³»½Ã°æÀü Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦ ¹× Ç×Ç÷¼ÒÆÇÁ¦ Áß´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼º£ÀÌ ¿¬±¸(Lee SY. GIE 2008)°¡ À̸¦ Àß º¸¿©ÁÝ´Ï´Ù.
Questions | Eastern | Western |
I routinely follow the ASGE guideline. | 35.3% | 67.0% |
I perform a biopsy in patients taking warfarin. | 33.7% | 71.2% |
I perform a polypectomy in patients taking aspirin. | 37.5% | 85.6% |
I consider that the risk of bleeding higher in Asians than in other ethnic groups. | 22.4% | 8.1% |
I consider that the risk of thromboembolism is higher in whites than in other ethnic groups. | 39.4% | 21.0% |
ÀϺ»Àΰú ¼¾çÀÎÀÇ ¿ÍÆĸ° metabolismÀº ¾à°£ ´Ù¸£´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù (Blood 2004, Pharmacogenet Genomics 2006, Mayo Clin Proc 2009). Àß ¸ð¸£´Â polymorphism °°Àº °Íµµ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀúÀÇ Àǹ®Àº ÀÌ°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. "°ú¿¬ metabolism Â÷À̶§¹®¿¡ ³»½Ã°æ practice°¡ ´Þ¶óÁ³À»±î? ¹®ÈÀû, öÇÐÀû Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ±â¿©ÇÑ ºÎºÐÀº ¾øÀ»±î?"
2020³â ¹ßÇ¥µÈ ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó survey °á°ú(Gut Liver 2020)¿¡¼ ¾Æ½ºÇǸ°À» º¹¿ëÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì 89.4%¿¡¼ Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏÁö¸¸, ¿ÍÆĸ°Àº 38.6%, DOACÀÇ °æ¿ì 50.4%¿¡¼ Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÑ´Ù´Â ´äº¯À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ÍÆĸ°ÀÇ °æ¿ì 10¿©³â Àü ¿¬±¸(GIE 2008)¿¡¼ ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀÌ 33.7%¶óµµ ´äº¯À» ÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 10¿©³â µ¿¾È ¿ÍÆĸ° »ç¿ëÀÚ¿¡¼ Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÑ´Ù°í ´äº¯ÇÑ ºñÀ²ÀÌ °íÀÛ 5% »ó½ÂÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ÈŸ±õ½À´Ï´Ù.
9. Stopping warfarin before gastric EMR/ESD
EMR/ESD´Â °íÀ§Çè ½Ã¼úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ °íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚ°¡ ÀúÀ§Çè ȯÀÚ ¸ðµÎ¿¡¼ Àá½Ã ¿ÍÆĸ°À» Áß´ÜÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´Ü °íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚ¿¡¼´Â heparin coverage°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °ú°Å¿¡´Â IV heparinÀ» ½è´Âµ¥ ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â SQ heparinÀ» »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
°íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚÀÇ EMR/ESD | Discontinue warfarin 3-5 days. Heparin coverage is required. |
ÀúÀ§Çè ȯÀÚÀÇ EMR/ESD | Discontinue warfarin 3-5 days. |
ÀÇ»çµéÀº º¸Åë "3ÀÏ ³»Áö 5ÀÏ Á¤µµ ²÷À¸¼¼¿ä"¶ó°í ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ȯÀÚ´Â ´çȲÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 3ÀÏ ²÷¾î¾ß ÇÒ Áö, 4ÀÏ ²÷¾î¾ß ÇÒ Áö, 5ÀÏ ²÷¾î¾ß ÇÒ Áö ¾Ë ¼ö ¾ø±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼ Àú´Â Á¤ÇØÁÝ´Ï´Ù. "4ÀÏ ²÷À¸¼¼¿ä".
10. Heparin bridge -> Heparin bridge´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ´õ ÀÌ»ó ±ÇÀ¯µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °æÇâÀÔ´Ï´Ù. (2017-10-10. ÀÌÁØÇà)
°íÀ§ÇèȯÀÚÀÇ °íÀ§Çè½Ã¼ú¿¡¼ heparin bridge¸¦ Çϵµ·Ï µÇ¾î Àִµ¥ ¾î¶»°Ô ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀϱî¿ä?
2002³â ASGE guideline¿¡´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ¾º¿© ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
1. The decision to administer iv heparin once the INR falls below the therapeutic level --> individualized.
2. Heparin, if used, should be discontinued 4 to 6 hours before the scheduled procedure and may be resumed 2 to 6 hours after the procedure.
3. Warfarin therapy may generally be resumed the night of the procedure.
4. Risk of major hemorrhage after EST is between 10% and 15% if anticoagulation is reinstituted within 3 days of the EST (Sandofer 1999).
5. Heparin/Warfarin overlap: for a period of 4 to 5 days or until the INR has achieved the target therapeutic range for 2 to 3 days.
2002³â ASGE guidelineÀ» º¸¸é¼ ¸î °¡Áö ±Ã±ÝÁõÀÌ »ý°å½À´Ï´Ù. ESD 4½Ã°£ ÈÄ¿¡ IV heparinÀ» ½áµµ ÁÁÀ»±î? ESD ´çÀÏ Àú³á ¿ÍÆĸ°À» °æ±¸Åõ¿©Çصµ ÁÁÀ»±î? INRÀÌ target range¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÑ ÈÄ 2ÀϾ¿À̳ª heparinÀ» ½á¾ß ÇÒ±î? ¿©·¯ºÐµµ ´Ùµé ºñ½ÁÇÑ Áú¹®À» °¡Áú °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Á¤´äÀº ¾ø´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Àú´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ¶Ç ±×·¸°Ô ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
ÁÖÀÎÀå ÀÇ°ß 1. ESD 4½Ã°£ ÈÄ¿¡ IV heparinÀ» ½áµµ ÁÁÀ»±î? º¸Åë ESD ´çÀÏÀº heparinÀ» ¾²Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ÆÁÖ °íÀ§Ç豺¿¡¼´Â Àú³á¿¡ SQ heparinÀ» ¾²±âµµ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ÁÖÀÎÀå ÀÇ°ß 2. ESD ´çÀÏ Àú³á ¿ÍÆĸ°À» °æ±¸Åõ¿©Çصµ ÁÁÀ»±î? º¸Åë µå¸®°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Àú³á ´Ê°Ô ¿ÍÆĸ°À» Æò¼Ò À¯Áö¿ë·®À¸·Î µå½Ãµµ·Ï ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Loading±îÁö´Â ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
ÁÖÀÎÀå ÀÇ°ß 3. INRÀÌ target range¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÑ ÈÄ 2ÀϾ¿À̳ª heparinÀ» ½á¾ß ÇÒ±î? ´ë° target¿¡ Á¢±ÙÇϸé Åð¿ø½ÃÅ°°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
½Ã¼ú ÈÄ °¡±ÞÀû ºü¸¥ ½Ã°£¿¡ heparin°ú ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ½ÃÀÛÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á¶±Ý ´Ê°Ô ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Ù°¡ CVA³ª ±âŸ Áúº´ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¸é ¼Ò¼ÛÀ¸·Î ¿¬°áµÇ±â ½±½À´Ï´Ù.
[2015-11-12. ¼ö¼ú/½Ã¼ú ÈÄ ¿ÍÆĸ° »ç¿ëÀ» À߸øÇÏ¿© ÀÇ·áºÐÀï]
ÀçÆǺδ "Ç÷Àü ¹ß»ý À§ÇèÀÌ Àִ ȯÀÚ°¡ ¿ÍÆĸ° º¹¿ëÀ» Áß´ÜÇÏ°í ´Ù½Ã º¹¿ëÇÒ ¶§ INRÀÌ Á¤»ó ¼öÄ¡¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϱâ À§Çؼ´Â 4~6ÀÏ Á¤µµ °É¸°´Ù"¸ç "¹Ú ¾¾´Â ¼ö¼ú Á÷Àü INRÀÌ 1.5·Î¼ Á¤»óº¸´Ù ³·Àº »óÅ¿´±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ Ç÷Àü ¿¹¹æÁ¶Ä¡¸¦ ÃëÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù"°í ¹àÇû´Ù.
À̾î "ÃâÇ÷ À§Ç輺ÀÌ Å©Áö ¾ÊÀº ¼ö¼úÀ̸é Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦ º¹¿ë ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦¸¦ ÀçÅõ¿©ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿øÄ¢"À̶ó¸ç "ÃâÇ÷ À§ÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ¼ö¼úÀº Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦¸¦ Áï°¢ ÀçÅõ¿©Çϱ⠾î·Á¿î ¹Ý¸é Ç÷Àü À§Çèµµ ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ½Å°æ°ú³ª ½ÉÀå³»°ú¿Í ÇùÁøÀ» ÅëÇØ ¾ÈÁ¤¼º À¯¹«¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àü¹®Àû ÀÇ°ßÀ» ±¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù"°í ÆǽÃÇß´Ù.
[2017-10-10. »óºÎ Àú³Î Ŭ·´¿¡¼ °ËÅäÇÑ ³í¹®] Therapeutic endoscopy-related GI bleeding and thromboembolic events in patients using warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants: results from a large nationwide database analysis
DOACÀÌ warfarinº¸´Ù´Â ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°í, heparin bridgingÀº µµ¿òµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â °á·ÐÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
High risk procedureÀ» ¿¹»óÇÏ´Â »óȲ¿¡¼ ÀϽÃÀûÀ¸·Î warfarinÀ» DOACÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²ã¼ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» °í·ÁÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ¾ð±ÞµÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦ ½ÉÀå³»°ú¿¡ ÀÇ·ÚÇغ¸¸é °¡²û ±×¿Í °°Àº ÃßõÀ» ÇØ ÁÖ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌÁØÇà comment: Warfarin »ç¿ë ȯÀÚ¿¡¼µµ »çÀü¿¡ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ ÃâÇ÷ À§Ç輺À» ¼³¸íÇÑ ÈÄ À§³»½Ã°æÀ̳ª ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼ Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç´Â ½ÃÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
11. LMWH (low molecular weight heparin, Enoxaparin)ÀÇ Æ¯¼º -> Heparin bridge´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ´õ ÀÌ»ó ±ÇÀ¯µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °æÇâÀÔ´Ï´Ù. (2017-10-10. ÀÌÁØÇà)
°íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚÀÇ °íÀ§Çè ½Ã¼ú¿¡¼ ¿ÍÆĸ°À» Áß´ÜÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â heparin bridge°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â continuous IV heparinº¸´Ù´Â LMWH (low molecular weight heparin)ÀÎ enoxaparin subcutaneous injectionÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (Goldstein 2001, Jafri 2004). LMWHÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ» Á¤¸®ÇÏ¸é ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
LMWHÀÇ Æ¯¼º |
1) Greater selective activity against factor Xa and lower affinity for antithrombin
2) Better bioavailability. bequal or superior anticoaglation 3) Longer half-life --> convenient once or twice a day dosing 4) No need for laboratory monitoring 5) Lower incidence of side effects, such as thrombocytopenia, bleeding, osteoporosis 6) Lower costs 7) Possibility of outpatient therapy |
º¸Ãæ¼³¸í: LMWHÀº antithrombin-III¿Í °áÇÕÇÏ¿© ÀÛ¿ëÇϸç, nonspecific bindingÀÌ Àû±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ºñ±³Àû ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ Ç×ÀÀ°íÈ¿°ú¸¦ º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹Ý°¨±â°¡ ±æ¾î¼ ÇÏ·ç 1-2ȸ Åõ¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇöÀç ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼ Çã¿ëµÇ´Â LMWNÀº enoxaparin (Aventis), dalteparin (Pfizer), tinzaparin (Pharmion) µîÀÔ´Ï´Ù. LMWHÀÇ ¿ë·®Àº üÁß¿¡ µû¶ó Á¶ÀýÇϸç routine monitoringÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ¸¸¼º ½ÅºÎÀü, °íµµ ºñ¸¸, ½Å»ý¾Æ, Àå±âÄ¡·á¿¡¼´Â ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÁÖÀÇÇÒ Á¡Àº aPTT°¡ LMWHÀÇ ¾àÈ¿¸¦ ¹Ý¿µÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÁÖ»ç ÈÄ 4½Ã°£ peak ½ÃÁ¡¿¡¼ anti-Xa activity¸¦ ÃøÁ¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Unfractionated heparin (UFH)¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)ÀÇ ºóµµ´Â ³·½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¸¸ HITÀÇ °ú°Å·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷¿¡¼´Â ÇÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù. UFH¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© ÃâÇ÷¼º ÇÕº´ÁõÀÇ ºóµµµµ ³·½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª LMWHÀÇ ÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ºñ°¡¿ªÀûÀ̶ó´Â Á¡°ú antidote°¡ ¾ø´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡ ÁÖÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áï ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¸é °ï¶õÇÑ »óȲ¿¡ ºüÁú ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Protamine sulfateµµ partial antidoteÀÏ »ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Protamine sulfate´Â anti-IIa¸¦ ÁßȽÃÄÑ aPTT¸¦ Á¤»óÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÌ°Ô ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¸·»ó Áß¿äÇÑ anti-Xa´Â °ÅÀÇ ÁßȽÃÅ°Áö ¸øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. LMWHÀÇ venous thromboembolism ¿¹¹æÈ¿°ú´Â UFHº¸´Ù ¿ì¼öÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Unstable angina¿Í non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI)¿¡¼´Â È¿°ú°¡ ºñ½ÁÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
°£È¤ ¸î¸î ½Å°æ°ú ÀÇ»çµéÀº LMWH¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¿ì·ÁÀÇ ½Ã°¢À» º¸À̱⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù (Moonis 2002). ÀϺθ¦ ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù. "While the role of oral anticoagulants is clearly established in the prevention of recurrent cardioembolic stroke, anticoagulation with parenteral unfractionated intravenous heaptin (UFIH) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for acute ischemic stroke remains an area of ongoing controversy. LMWH cannot be recommended in any type of acute ischemic stroke populations to prevent recurrent stroke or to improve stoke outcome. UFIH is not generally indicated in most patients with an ischemic stroke. However, in certain cardioembolic stroke subgroups, especially AF, presenting with additional risk factors such as mural thrombi and/or recent AMI, the subsequent stroke risk seems to be high. These patients may benefit from UFIH and ... In some situations in which anticoagulation is required for the long term (eg, patients with AF), initiation of treatment with warfarin early after stroke onset is likely safer than beginning treatment with UFIH and switching to warfarin. This would abrogate the associated risk of major bleeding side effects associated with the use of UFIH."
½Ã¼ú Àü LMWHÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â optionÀº ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ´Ù¾çÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
°íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚÀÇ °íÀ§Çè ½Ã¼úÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷À» ¶§ LMWHÀ» ¾²´Â ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ýÀº ¾Æ·¡°ú °°½À´Ï´Ù (2005 ASGE guideline).
1) Discontinue warfarin 3 to 5 days before the procedure and concomitantly begin administering LMWH (enoxaparin 1 mg/kg subcutaneously every 12 hrs)
2) Discontinue LWMH at least 8 hrs before the therapeutic endoscopy
3) When to restart therapy? Individualize.
¿©ÀüÈ÷ ¾Ö¸ÅÇÏ´Ù°í ´À³¢½Ê´Ï±î? ±×·¯¸é Á¦°¡ ¾ÖÁ¤³²ÀÌ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ù½Ã Çѹø ¾Ö¸ÅÇÑ °ÍÀ» Á¤¸®ÇØ º¾´Ï´Ù.
(1) 1¹ø¿¡¼ concomitant°¡ ¾ðÁ¦¸¦ ¸»ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀϱî¿ä? ¹Ì±¹ ³»½Ã°æÇÐȸ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀº concomitant¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ°í ÀÖÁö¸¸ British Cardiovascular Intervention Society °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡¼´Â "start LMWH 2 days after stopping warfarin"À̶ó°í µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (¾Æ·¡ ±×¸² ÂüÁ¶). Àú´Â ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ¸ÔÁö ¾ÊÀº ´ÙÀ½ ³¯ºÎÅÍ LMWHÀ» ÇÏ·ç µÎ¹ø SC·Î Åõ¿©ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ÃßõÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
(2) 3¹ø¿¡¼ individualize¶õ ¸¾´ë·Î Ç϶ó´Â ¶æÀϱî¿ä? ¿ÍÆĸ°Àº ½Ã¼ú ´çÀÏ Æò¼Ò ¿ë·®À» ÁÖ¸é µË´Ï´Ù. LMWHÀº °¡±ÞÀû ´çÀÏ Àú³á¿¡ Åõ¿©Çϸé ÁÁÀºµ¥, ÃâÇ÷ ¿ì·Á°¡ ³ôÀ¸¸é ´ÙÀ½ ³¯ ¾ÆħºÎÅÍ Áֱ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.
°íÀ§ÇèȯÀÚÀÇ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¼ö¼ú Àü ¿ÍÆĸ° Áߴܹæħ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¾î¶² ½ÉÀå surgeonÀÇ ´äº¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© 2005³â ASGE guideline¿¡¼ Á¦½ÃÇÑ °Íº¸´Ù ¾à°£ ³·Àº °µµÀÇ anticoagulationÀÌÁö¸¸ ÇÕ¸®Àû Á¢±ÙÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
1. ¼ö¼ú 5ÀÏ Àü ¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´Ü (3.0ÀÌ»ó½Ã 6ÀÏ)
2. ¼ö¼ú 3-4ÀÏ Àü Enoxaparin 40 mg SQ bid
3. High risk½Ã ÁßÁö ´ÙÀ½³¯ºÎÅÍ 1 mg/kg ¶Ç´Â IV heparin (aPTT 55-80 sec)
4. POD1 ¿ÍÆĸ° º¹¿ë (¼ö¼ú Àü ¿ë·®´ë·Î)
5. ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ 24-48 ½Ã°£ °æ°ú ÈÄ ÇÊ¿ä¿¡ µû¶ó Enoxaparin 30-40mg q 12 hr SQ ¶Ç´Â IV heparin À¯Áö (aPTT 45-60 sec)
13. ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» Á¾ÇÕÇÑ ÀÌÁØÇàÀÇ ¹æ¹ý (2016±îÁö »ç¿ë) -> 2017³âºÎÅÍ´Â heparin bridge¸¦ routineÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
°íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ °íÀ§Çè ½Ã¼úÀÎ gastric ESD¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷°í heparin bridge¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÏ´Ù°¡ ´Ù½Ã ¿ÍÆĸ°À¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ, ½Ã¼úÀÚ, º´¿øÀÇ ¿©°Ç¿¡ µû¶ó ¾à°£ ´Þ¶óÁú ¼ö ÀÖ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ³Ê¹« ¿À·¡ ²÷Áö´Â ¸¶½Ê½Ã¿ä.
1. ESD 4ÀÏ Àü ¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´Ü
2. ESD 3ÀÏ Àü Enoxaparin 40 mg SQ bid (outpatient setting)
3. ESD ´çÀÏ INR target: 1.5 ¹Ì¸¸
4. ESD ´çÀÏ Enoxaparin skip (¾ÆÁÖ °íÀ§Ç豺¿¡¼´Â Àú³á¿¡ SQ heparinÀ» ¾²±âµµ ÇÔ)
5. ESD ´çÀÏ Àú³á ¿ÍÆĸ° º¹¿ë ½ÃÀÛ (°ú°Å À¯Áö ¿ë·®À¸·Î. LoadingÀº ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½)
6. ESD ´ÙÀ½ ³¯ Enoxaparin ´Ù½Ã »ç¿ë
7. ESD ÈÄ CP´ë·Î Åð¿ø (4¹Ú 5ÀÏ)
À§ ±×¸²ÀÇ PowerPoint ¿øº» ÆÄÀÏÀ» °ø°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ºÐÀº ¿©±â¸¦ ´·¯ÁÖ¼¼¿ä.
¾Æ¹«¸® ÁÖÀÇÇصµ delayed bleedingÀÌ ¸¹Àº °ÍÀº ¾î¿ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
2016³â 5¿ù ¸®ºä¿¡¼ ¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ó¼¼ÇÑ protocolÀÌ Á¦½ÃµÈ °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. 5-6ÀÏ Àü¿¡ ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷µµ·Ï µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Àúµµ ÇâÈÄ 4ÀÏ ÀüÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó 5-6ÀÏ Àü¿¡ ²÷µµ·Ï ¹Ù²Ü °ÍÀΰ¡¸¦ °í¹ÎÇØ º¸°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
[2016-6-3. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]
Á¦°¡ ÀÏÇÏ´Â º´¿øÀº 2Â÷ º´¿øÀ̶ó ȯÀÚ¸¦ º¸³»´Â °Í°ú Ä¡·áÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ Ç×»ó °í³úÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.^^ À̹ø¿¡ ÀÇ·ÚµÈ È¯ÀÚ´Â ÇÑ ´ëÇк´¿ø¿¡¼ 1³â Àü stent angiography ÈÄ ¿ÍÆĸ°À» º¹¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ºÐÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ÀáÇ÷ °Ë»ç¿¡¼ ¾ç¼º ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ³ª¿Í °ËÁø ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» ¿øÇÏ¿© ¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. ¿¬°íÁö °ü°è·Î º»¿ø¿¡¼ °Ë»ç ¹× CPP ½ÃÇàÇϱ⸦ ¿øÇÏ°í °è½Ê´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ÀÏ´Ü ÀÔ¿øÇؼ warfarin → heparin switching ÇÏ¿© ½ÃÇàÇÒ °èȹÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¹®Á¦´Â º» º´¿ø¿¡ LMWHÀÌ ¾ø´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ´ÙÇàÈ÷ ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ heparinÀº ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, IV heparinÀ» ¾²¸é¼ 4½Ã°£¸¶´Ù Çǰ˻縦 ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ȯÀÚ°¡ ³Ê¹« Èûµé¾î ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
¹®ÇåÀ» ã¾Æº¸´Ï 5ÀÏÀü¿¡ ¿ÍÆĸ° D/C ÇÏ°í LMWHÀ» ¾²¶ó°í¸¸ µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·± »óȲ¿¡¼´Â ¾î¶»°Ô ÇØ¾ß ÇÒÁö ¹®Àǵ帮¿À´Ï °íÁø¼±Ã³ ¹Ù¶ø´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ¸¦ Áø·áÇÒ¼ö·Ï Á¦°¡ Âü ºÎÁ·Çϱ¸³ª ´À²¸ ¹Ý¼ºÇÏ°Ô µÇ³×¿ä^^ ±³¼ö´ÔÀÇ ¸íÈ®ÇÑ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ ºÎŹµå¸³´Ï´Ù.
[2016-6-3. ÀÌÁØÇà ´äº¯]
¸Â½À´Ï´Ù. IV heparinÀ» ¾²¸é¼ °è¼Ó Ç÷¾×°Ë»çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº °í¹®¿¡ °¡±õ½À´Ï´Ù.
Á¦°¡ ȯÀÚ¸¦ Á÷Á¢ º¸Áö ¾Ê¾Æ¼ Á¤È®È÷ ´äÇϱâ´Â ¾î·ÆÁö¸¸... ¿ÍÆĸ° Áߴܽà heparin bridge´Â °íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚ¿¡¼¸¸ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °íÀ§ÇèȯÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ °æ¿ì´Â ±×³É ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ¸çÄ¥ ²÷À¸¸é µË´Ï´Ù. Stent angiography°¡ ¹«¾ùÀ» ÀǹÌÇÏ´ÂÁö ¸íÈ®ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸ ÀÏ°ß °íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚ´Â ¾Æ´Ñ µí (?) ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
[2016-6-5. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]
Bridging therapy¸¦ ¾ÈÇÑ ±×·ìµµ not inferior ÇÏ´Ù´Â NEJM 2015 ³í¹®¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ±³¼ö´Ô »ý°¢Àº ¾î¶°ÇϽÅÁö¿ä?
METHODS: We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which, after perioperative interruption of warfarin therapy, patients were randomly assigned to receive bridging anticoagulation therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (100 IU of dalteparin per kilogram of body weight) or matching placebo administered subcutaneously twice daily, from 3 days before the procedure until 24 hours before the procedure and then for 5 to 10 days after the procedure. Warfarin treatment was stopped 5 days before the procedure and was resumed within 24 hours after the procedure.
RESULTS: The incidence of arterial thromboembolism was 0.4% in the no-bridging group and 0.3% in the bridging group (risk difference, 0.1 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.6 to 0.8; P=0.01 for noninferiority). The incidence of major bleeding was 1.3% in the no-bridging group and 3.2% in the bridging group (relative risk, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.78; P=0.005 for superiority).
[2016-6-6. ÀÌÁØÇà ´äº¯]
ÁÁÀº Áú¹® °¨»çÇÕ´Ï´Ù. À̹ø NEJM 2015 ³í¹®Àº ½É¹æ¼¼µ¿ ȯÀÚ Áß CHADS2 Á¡¼ö 1Á¡ ÀÌ»óÀΠȯÀÚ¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÑ landmark trial °á°úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Mitral valve disease´Â ´ë·« 16% Á¤µµ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
CHADS
2 is a score used to estimate the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. The score ranges from 1 to 6; 1 point each is assigned for congestive heart failure, hypertension, age of 75 years or older, and diabetes mellitus, and 2 points are assigned for stroke or transient ischemic attack.°á°ú´Â ¿¬±¸ÀÚÀÇ °¡¼³´ë·Î ³ª¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. BridgingÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ» ¶§ arterial thromboembolismÀº ºñ½ÁÇÏ¿´°í, major bleedingÀº Àû¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº bridgingÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÂÊÀÌ "net clinical benefit"°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í °á·ÐÀ» ¸Î¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °á°ú´Â bridge therapy°¡ µµ¿òµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â 2012³â ¸ÞŸºÐ¼®ÀÇ °á°ú¿Í ÀÏÄ¡ÇÕ´Ï´Ù (Siegal D. Circulation 2012).
Áö³ ´Þ (2016³â 5¿ù) ¹ß°£µÈ ¸®ºä¿¡¼µµ NEJM 2015 ³í¹®ÀÌ »ó¼¼È÷ ¾ð±ÞµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ȯÀÚÀÇ À§Çèµµ¸¦ 3 ´Ü°è·Î ³ª´« ÈÄ (°ü·Ã table) ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¾à¹°Áß´ÜÁöħÀÌ Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. (Spyropoulos AC. J Thromb Haemost 2016). High thromboembolic risk¿¡¼¸¸ LMWH bridge°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ¾ð±ÞµÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Intermediate ȤÀº low thromboembolic risk¿¡¼´Â LMWH bridge°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. Âü°í·Î direct acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC)¸¦ ²÷Àº ÈÄ¿¡´Â ȯÀÚÀÇ À§Çèµµ¿Í »ó°ü¾øÀÌ ¾î¶² °æ¿ì¿¡µµ LMWH bridge°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
À̹ø ¸®ºä¿¡¼´Â colon polypectomy¸¦ high risk procedure·Î endoscopy +/- biopsy¸¦ (minimalÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó) low bleeding risk procedure·Î ºÐ·ùÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù (°ü·Ã table). ±×¸®°íminimal risk procedure°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¸é ¿ÍÆĸ°À̳ª direct acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC)¸¦ ²÷¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç Àü¿¡ Ç×»ó ¿ÍÆĸ°À̳ª DOAC¸¦ ²÷¾î¾ß ÇÏ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ µÇ´Âµ¥¿ä... ÀÌ´Â ±âÁ¸ ¹Ì±¹ °¡À̵å¶óÀΰú Å©°Ô ´Ù¸¥ ³»¿ëÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇâÈÄ Á¤½Ä °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ¹Ý¿µµÉ °ÍÀÎÁö °ü½ÉÀÖ°Ô ÁöÄѺ¼ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
¿äÄÁµ¥ NEJM 2015 ³í¹®Àº '¿ÍÆĸ° Áß´Ü ÈÄ LMWH bridge'¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ´ë±Ô¸ð ÀüÇâÀû Àӻ󿬱¸¿´´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼ Å« Àǹ̰¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ÇâÈÄ °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡¼ LMWH bridgeÀÇ ÀûÀÀÁõÀÌ Ãà¼ÒµÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö´Â CHADS2 5-6Á¡ÀÇ °íÀ§Çè ½É¹æ¼¼µ¿ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼´Â LMWH bridge°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù´Â ÃÖ±Ù ¸®ºä¿¡ µû¸£´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾ÈÀüÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
[2016-6-10. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]
¿ÍÆĸ° ²÷ÀºÁö 3ÀÏ°ÀΠȯÀÚÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Æò¼Ò INRÀº 1.76À̾ú°í ¿À´Ã ¾Æħ INRÀº 1.08À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ´ëÀå¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼úÀ» ¿äû¹Þ¾Ò´Âµ¥ ½Ã¼úÇصµ ÁÁÀ»Áö¿ä? °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡´Â 5ÀÏ Àü¿¡ ²÷À¸¶ó°í µÇ¾î Àִµ¥¿ä...
[2016-6-10. ÀÌÁØÇà ´äº¯]
°¡À̵å¶óÀο¡ 5ÀÏ ²÷À¸¶ó°í µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ´ë° ±× Á¤µµ ²÷À¸¸é INRÀÌ 1.5 ÀÌÇÏ·Î ³»·Á°¡ ½Ã¼ú¿¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾ø±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸¾à 3ÀÏ ²÷¾î¼ target INR¿¡ µé¾î¿À¸é ¹Ù·Î ½Ã¼úÀ» Çصµ ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù. ¹®ÀÇÇϽŠȯÀÚ´Â Æò¼Ò INRÀÌ 1.76À¸·Î Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦¸¦ ¾àÇÏ°Ô º¹¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´ø ºÐÀ̹ǷΠ3ÀÏ ²÷°íµµ INRÀÌ targetÀÎ 1.5 ÀÌÇÏ·Î ³»·Á°£ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ¹Ù·Î ½Ã¼úÇصµ µË´Ï´Ù.
¾Æ·¡ Ç¥¸¦ º¸¸é ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¾º¿© ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. "Assess INR before the procedure; proceed with surgery if the INR is < 1.5. If the INR is >1.5 and < 1.8, consider low-dose oral vitamin K reversal (1-2.5 mg)."
[2017-10-15. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]
ÀÏÀü¿¡ EndoTODAY¿¡ ³»½Ã°æ½Ã¼ú°ú Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦¿¡ °üÇÑ ÁÖÁ¦°¡ ¿Ã¶ó¿Í Àֱ淡 Àúµµ Çѹø °øºÎÇØ º¸¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ±Ã±ÝÇÑ °ÍÀº "NOAC º¹¿ëȯÀÚ´Â bridge therapy°¡ ÇÊ¿ä ¾ø´Â °ÍÀϱî?" ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇöÀç±îÁö ¾Ë·ÁÁø ´ë´äÀº "ÇÊ¿ä ¾ø´Ù" ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
±Ù°Å1. ASCE °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ(The management of antithrombotic agents for patients undergoing GI endoscopy. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Volume 83, No1)
"We suggest bridge therapy for patients undergoing high-risk endoscopic procedures who are at high risk for thromboembolic events" ==>ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¿ÍÆĸ°¸¸ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÎÁö, ¿ÍÆĸ°+NOAC ¸ðµÎ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÎÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ¾ð±ÞÀº ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù
"We suggest that the reinintiation of NOACs after high-risk endoscopic procedures be delayed until adequate hemostasis is ensured, given their rapid onset of action and lack of reversal agents. If therapeutic doses of NOACs cannot be restrated within 12 to 24 hours after a high-risk endoscopic procedure, thromboprophylaxis (ie, UFG bridge) should be considered to decrease risk of thromboembolism, given the short half-life of the NOAC agent, in those with high risk for thrmoboemoblism." ==> ASGE °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡¼´Â ½Ã¼ú Àü¿¡ bridge°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù´Â ¾ð±ÞÀº ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù
±Ù°Å2. ESGE °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ (Endoscopy in patients on antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy, including direct oral anticoagulants: British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guidelines)
"The highest thrombotic risk patients are those with mechanical heart valve prostheses but DOACs are not indicated in such patients, so patients taking DOACs will not require bridging therapy." ==>À¯·´ °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡¼´Â NOACÀº bridge°¡ ÇÊ¿ä¾ø´Ù°í ´ë³õ°í ¸ø ¹Ú¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù
±Ù°Å3. Periprocedural management of patients receiving a vitamin Kantagonist or a direct oral anticoagulant requiring an elective procedure or surgery (Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis)
==>Table 3¿¡µµ NOACÀº bridge therapy´Â ÀûÀÀÁõÀÌ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù . ÀÌ Å×À̺íÀÇ ±Ù°Å°¡ µÇ´Â ÀÚ·á´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°½À´Ï´Ù
±Ù°Å4. Peri-interventionalmanagement of novel oral anticoagulants in daily care: results from the prospective DresdenNOAC registry (European Heart Journal)
==>Heparin bridge ±×·ì¿¡¼ major bleedingÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ±Ù°Å ÀÔ´Ï´Ù
ÇÏÁö¸¸ Àǹ®ÀÌ µì´Ï´Ù... ¸¸¾à CVA Hx°¡ ÀÖ°í, ´ç´¢°¡ ÀÖ´Â 75¼¼ ¿©ÀÚ A.fib ȯÀÚ°¡ (CHA2DS2-VASc 6Á¡) NOACÀ» º¹¿ë ÁßÀε¥, °íÀ§Çè ½Ã¼úÀ» ÇÒ ¶§ bridge´Â ÇÊ¿ä ¾ø´Â °ÍÀϱî¿ä? ±Ã±ÝÇÑ °ÍÀº CHADS ½ºÄھ ¾î¶»°Ô µÇµç°£¿¡, (1Á¡À̵ç, 5~6Á¡ ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ³ôµç...) bridge´Â ÇÊ¿ä ¾ø´Â °ÍÀϱî¿ä? ¿©·¯ Àú³ÎÀ» ã¾Æ º¸¾Æµµ CHADS ½ºÄھ µû¶ó¼ ¼ºê ±×·ì ºÐ¼®À» ÇسõÀº °ÍÀº ¸ø ã°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÚ·á°¡ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÎÁö ¾Æ´Ï¸é Á¦°¡ ¸øã´Â °ÍÀÎÁö ¸ð¸£°Ú½À´Ï´Ù¸¸...
À§¿¡¼ ¿¹¸¦ µç Àú·± ȯÀÚ°¡ ½ÇÁ¦·Î ÀÖÀ» ¶§, Àú¶ó¸é bridge¸¦ ÇÒ °Í °°Àºµ¥¿ä.. bleedingÀº ³»½Ã°æÀ¸·Î µé¾î°¡¼ ÁöÇ÷ÀÌ¶óµµ ½ÃµµÇغ¼ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ thrombosis´Â ¿µ±¸ÀûÀÎ sequele¸¦ ³²±æ ¼öµµ ÀÖÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï±î..
Ȥ½Ã ¿©±â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±³¼ö´ÔÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀ» µè°í ½Í½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ã °¨»çµå¸³´Ï´Ù.
[2017-10-15. ÀÌÁØÇà ´äº¯]
ÀÌÁ¦´Â ´õ ÀÌ»ó heparin bridge°¡ standard Ä¡·á·Î ÀÎÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Àß Á¤¸®ÇØÁֽŠ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ ¸¹Àº ÀÓ»ó ¿¬±¸¿Í °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀÌ ±×·¯ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ 2016³â 6¿ù ÇÑ ¾Öµ¶ÀÚÀÇ Áú¹®°ú ÀúÀÇ ´äº¯À» Âü°íÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.
±×·¯³ª Àӻ󿬱¸¿Í °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ °æ¿ì¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÏ»Ó, °³º° ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô ±×´ë·Î ±â°èÀûÀ¸·Î Àû¿ëµÇ¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. ¿©·¯ »óȲÀ» Á¾ÇÕÇÏ¿© ÁÖÄ¡ÀÇ°¡ ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤ÇÑ °ÍÀº ÀÎÁ¤µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 'Àӻ󿬱¸¿Í °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡¼ heparin bridgeÀÇ À¯¿ë¼ºÀÌ µµÀü¹Þ°í ÀÖ°í ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â Àß ±ÇÀ¯µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â »óȲÀÌÁö¸¸, ÀÌ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼´Â ÀÌ·¯ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯·Î heparin bridge¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ µµ¿òµÉ °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆǴܵÊ'°ú °°Àº ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î Àǹ«±â·ÏÀ» ³²±ä ÈÄ ¼±»ý´ÔÀÇ ÆÇ´Ü¿¡ µû¶ó Ä¡·á¸¦ ÇÏ¸é µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. »çÀü¿¡ ȯÀÚ¿Í º¸È£ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÀÌ ºÎºÐÀ» ¼³¸íÇØÁÖ½Ã¸é ´õ¿í µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ°ÚÁö¿ä. ÀÌ·± °üÁ¡¿¡¼ ¸»¾¸ÁֽŠȯÀÚ¿¡¼ heparin bridge¸¦ Çغ¸°Ú´Ù´Â ¼±»ý´ÔÀÇ ÆÇ´ÜÀ» Á¸ÁßÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¸¸ NOACÀ» »ç¿ëÇϴ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼´Â ¿ö³« ¾àÀ» ²÷´Â ±â°£ÀÌ Âª±â ¶§¹®¿¡ heparin bridge¸¦ ÇÒ ±â°£ÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Ù´Â Á¡, ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ Áï½Ã NOACÀ» »ç¿ëÇϸé heparin bridge°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù´Â Á¡À» ÀØÁö ¸»¾ÆÁֽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù. ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸é Áï½Ã NOACÀ» ¾²´Â °ÍÀÌ°í, ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ¾îÂ¥ÇÇ NOACµµ heparin bridgeµµ ¸ðµÎ ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
À̾߱Ⱑ ³ª¿Â ±è¿¡ µÎ °¡Áö ÞïðëÀ» ºÙÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÞïðëÀÌÁö¸¸ Áß¿äÇÑ ÞïðëÀÔ´Ï´Ù.^^
(1) Á¦°¡ °ÆÁ¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº °í·ÉÀÇ °íÀ§ÇèȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô °íÀ§Çè½Ã¼úÀ» ÇÒ »óȲÀ» ¸¸µå´Â °Í ±× ÀÚüÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ °ËÁøÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ ½Ã¼úÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ Á¡Á¡ ¸¹¾ÆÁö°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹«Áõ»ó °í·É ÅðÇ༺ ½Å°æÁúȯ ȯÀÚ°¡ (ÀÏ°ß ºÒÇÊ¿äÇØ º¸ÀÌ´Â) °ËÁø ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼ Á¶±â À§¾ÏÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾î ¼ö¼úÀ» ¹Þ°í ÇÑ´Þ À̳»¿¡ »ç¸ÁÇÑ °æ¿ì¸¦ º» Àûµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °ËÁøÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¼ÌÀ¸¸é ´õ ¿À·¡ »ç¼ÌÀ»Áöµµ ¸ð¸¨´Ï´Ù. Φë¢ÝÕÐุŠµü ¸Â´Â ¸»ÀÌ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. Áö³ªÄ¡¸é ³ª»Û °á°ú¸¦ °¡Á®¿É´Ï´Ù. Áö³ªÄ£ °ËÁøÀº Á¤¸» ³ª»Û °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À§ÇèÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ¹Ýº¹ÇÏ´Ùº¸¸é »ç°í´Â ÇÊ¿¬ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °íÀ§Çè ½Ã¼úÀ» ¹Ýº¹ÇÏ¸é »ç°í´Â ¾ðÁ¨°¡ ÀϾ±â ¸¶·ÃÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ¹«¸® Á¶½ÉÇصµ ÀÏÁ¤ ºÎºÐ »ç°í´Â ¾î¿ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯´Ï±î À§ÇèÇÑ ÀÏÀÌÁö¿ä. Åë°èÄ¡¸¦ ¹«½ÃÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ À§ÇèÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ÁÙÀÌ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾ÈÀüÀÇ Áö¸§±æÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
(2) ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó ½ÇÁ¤¿¡ ¸Â´Â ´ÜÀÏÇÑ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ» ¸¸µå´Â ÀÛ¾÷ÀÌ ¹«¾ùº¸´Ù ¼±ÇàµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. À¯·´ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ ´Ù¸£°í, ¹Ì±¹ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ ´Ù¸£°í, ÀϺ» °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ ´Ù¸¥ »óȲ¿¡¼ ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó ÀÇ»ç´Â ¹«¾ùÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇØ¾ß ÇÒ±î¿ä? ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó Àǻ簡 ½±°Ô ã¾Æº¸°í Àß Áöų ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ» ¸¸µå´Â ÀÛ¾÷À» ´õ ÀÌ»ó ´ÊÃâ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
[2019-5-8. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]
¿ÍÆĸ° »ç¿ë ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÒÁö ¸»Áö °í¹ÎÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ƯÈ÷ ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷±â ¾î·Á¿î ȯÀÚ¿¡¼´Â¿ä...
ÀÏÀü¿¡ CT¿¡¼ À§º® ºñÈÄ·Î ¸²ÇÁÁ¾ÀÌ ÀǽɵǴ ȯÀÚ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷±â ¾î·Æ´ÙÁö¸¸ ³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Âµ¥... Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç´Â ¾îÂîÇØ¾ß ÇÒÁö¿ä?
[2019-5-8. ÀÌÁØÇà ´äº¯]
¿¹. ¾î·Á¿î À̽´ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼±¸ÀÇ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀº ³»½Ã°æ ¹× Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç´Â low risk procedureÀ̹ǷΠwarfarinÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é¼ ³»½Ã°æ ¹× Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ Ç϶ó°í µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ü INRÀÌ therapeutic range ¾È¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
±×·¯³ª warfarin »ç¿ë ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ Çϸé Á¦¹ý ÃâÇ÷Çϴ ȯÀÚ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î Àϼ± ÇöÀå¿¡¼´Â ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç Àü warfarinÀ» ²÷´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. ÈξÀ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç ÈÄ¿¡´Â ÀÏÁ¤ºÎºÐ ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. È®·üÀû ÇÕº´ÁõÀ̹ǷΠ°¨¼öÇÏ´Â ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´ÙÁö¸¸, ±×·¡µµ Àǻ糪 ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô °ï¶õÇÑ ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ´õ¿íÀÌ ¹«Áõ»ó ¼ºÀÎÀÇ °ËÁø ³»½Ã°æ Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç ÈÄ ÃâÇ÷Àº Á» ´õ °ï¶õÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ¹«Áõ»ó ¼ºÀÎÀÇ °ËÁø ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼´Â ¿ÍÆĸ°À» Àá½Ã ²÷´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌÇØÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¼±¸ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀº À§³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç¸¦ ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â ÀûÀÀÁõÀÌ ¶Ñ·ÇÇÑ È¯ÀÚ¸¦ °¡Á¤ÇÏ°í ¸¸µé¾îÁø °ÍÀÌ¸ç °ËÁøÀº Æ÷ÇÔµÇÁö ¾ÊÀ¸´Ï±î¿ä.
Áõ»óÀÌ Àִ ȯÀÚ³ª ²À °Ë»çÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ Àִ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼´Â ÀüÇô »óȲÀÌ ´Ù¸¨´Ï´Ù. À§¸²ÇÁÁ¾ÀÌ ÀǽɵǴ »óȲÀ̶ó¸é °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡ µû¶ó ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷Áö ¾Ê°í ³»½Ã°æ ¹× Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù. ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇصµ ¾î¿ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ÀÏÀÌÁö¿ä. ´Ü ¸²ÇÁÁ¾À̳ª ´Ù¸¥ Áß¿äÇÑ º´¼Ò°¡ ¾ø´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇÏ°í Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇϽʽÿÀ. ¹«Áõ»ó ¼ºÀÎÀÇ °ËÁø ³»½Ã°æ°ú °°ÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ ÀÛÀº º´¼Ò, erosionÀÎ °Í °°±âµµ ÇÏ°í ¾Æ´Ñ °Í °°±âµµ ÇÑ º´¼Ò, ´çÀå Áõ»ó°ú °ü·Ã¾ø´Â º´¼Ò¿¡¼ Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀº ÇÇÇϱ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.
¿ä¾àÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áõ»óÀÌ Àְųª ²À °Ë»çÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â ÀÌÀ¯(screening Á¦¿Ü)°¡ Àִ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼´Â ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ²÷Áö ¾Ê°í (INRÀÌ therapeutic range ¾È¿¡ ÀÖ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎ ÈÄ) ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÏ°í ÇÊ¿äÇÏ¸é ¾ó¸¶µçÁö Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¸¸ °Ë»ç ¸ñÀû¿¡ ¸ÂÁö ¾Ê´Â °úÀ× Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç´Â ÇÇÇϽʽÿÀ.
* Âü°í: EndoTODAY ¿ÍÆĸ°
[2019-10-2. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]
±³¼ö´Ô ¾È³çÇϼ¼¿ä. ³»½Ã°æ Áß »óÀǵ帮°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù°¡ ÀÖ¾î ¿¬¶ô µå¸³´Ï´Ù. ±ÝÀÏ ¿ÀÈÄ 2½Ã ³»½Ã°æÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ³»¿øÇÑ 74¼¼ ¿©ÀÚ È¯ÀÚÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 1³â Àü ´ëÀåÀÇ 2.4cm Å©±âÀÇ high grade adenoma·Î ³»½Ã°æ ÀýÁ¦¼ú ¹ÞÀº ºÐÀÇ ÃßÀû ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. 1³â Àü mitral valve replacement with mechanical prosthesis¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ºÐÀ¸·Î warfarin Åõ¾à ÁßÀ̾ú°í, 5ÀÏ°£ warfarin Àº Áß´Ü, enoxaparinÀ¸·Î ±³Ã¼ÇÏ¿© Åõ¾àÇØ¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ´Â Àú³á 8½Ã¿¡ Åõ¾àÇÏ¿´´Ù°í Çϴµ¥¿ä... Áö±Ý ¹Ù·Î ½Ã¼úÇصµ ÁÁÀ»Áö ¾Æ´Ï¸é °¡±ÞÀûÀÌ¸é ±ÝÀÏ ´ÊÀº ½Ã°£¿¡ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °í·ÉÀÌ°í underlying disease °í·ÁÇÒ ¶§ ¾ÈÀüÇÒÁö ±Ã±ÝÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¾ÆÁ÷ ÀÖ´Ù°í È®ÀεÇÁö ¾ÊÀº Æú¸³À» ¹Ì¸® °ÆÁ¤ÇÏ¿© polypectomy ½ÃÇàÀ» ¿°·ÁÇØ ´Ê°Ô ÁøÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù¸é °úÇÑ °ÍÀÎÁö¿ä.
[2019-10-2. ÀÌÁØÇà ´äº¯]
¼ö°í°¡ ¸¹À¸½Ê´Ï´Ù. °í·ÉÀÌ°í ½ÉÇ÷°ü°è ÁúȯÀ¸·Î Ç×Ç÷¼ÒÆÇÁ¦³ª Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϴ ȯÀÚ°¡ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó ³»½Ã°æ ÀÇ»çÀÇ °í¹Îµµ ±í¾îÁý´Ï´Ù. °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀÖ±â´Â ÇÕ´Ï´Ù¸¸ (1) ¸ù¶¥ ¿Ü±¹¿¡¼ ¸¸µé¾îÁø °ÍÀÌ°í, (2) ¾î¶² °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ» º¸¾Æµµ ƯÁ¤ »óȲ¿¡ µü ¸Â´Â °ÍÀº °ÅÀÇ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. EnoxaparinÀ» ²÷°í ¸î ½Ã°£ ÈÄ¿¡ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁÀ»Áö Á¤ÇÏ´Â °Íµµ ½±Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ¸¶´Ù üÁúÀÌ ´Ù¸£°í, Áúº´ »óÅ·ΠÁ¦°¢°¢À̶ó individualize ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ Çö½ÇÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ È¯ÀÚ¸¸ º¸´õ¶óµµ ¿©·¯ °¡Áö¸¦ »ý°¢ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
1. 2.4cm °íµµ¼±Á¾ ³»½Ã°æ ÀýÁ¦¼ú ÈÄ ÃßÀû³»½Ã°æÀ» 1³â ÈÄ¿¡ ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ±î¿ä? °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀº 3³âÀÌÁö¸¸ ÀÇ·á ÇöÀå¿¡¼´Â 1³â ÈÄ ³»½Ã°æÀ» ±ÇÇÏ´Â Àǻ絵 ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ °æ¿ì °Ë»ç °£°ÝÀ» °¡À̵å¶óÀκ¸´Ù ´ÜÃà½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀÌ È¯ÀÚ¿¡°Ô µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ±î¿ä?
2. ¼³È¤ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ÃßÀû ³»½Ã°æÀÌ µµ¿òµÇ´Â »óȲÀÌ´õ¶óµµ mechanical valve¸¦ °¡Áø 74¼¼ ¿©¼º¿¡°Ôµµ ¸¶Âù°¡ÁöÀϱî¿ä? Risk-benefitÀÇ ±ÕÇüÀÌ ¹Ù²îÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î¿ä? ¼³È¤ benefitÀº ±×´ë·Î¶ó°í ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ risk´Â ÈξÀ Áõ°¡ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î¿ä?
3. Enoxaparin trough level¿¡¼ ½Ã¼úÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°ÚÁö¸¸ Á¤È®È÷ ¾Ë ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. Enoxaparin ó¹æÀº ±×¾ß¸»·Î Àǻ縶´Ù ´Þ¶ó¼ ÇÏ·ç µÎ¹øÀ» ±ÇÇÏ´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ°í ÇÏ·ç ÇÑ ¹øÀ» ±ÇÇÏ´Â ºÐµµ °è½Ê´Ï´Ù. ½Ã¼ú Àü³¯±îÁö ÇÏ·ç µÎ¹ø ¾²´Ù°¡ ±× ´ÙÀ½ ³¯ ¾Æ¹« ¶§³ª ½Ã¼úÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ º¸ÅëÀÇ °üÇàÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿Ü·¡ ±â¹Ý ¿ÀÈÄ ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼ Á¤È®ÇÑ ½Ã¼ú ½Ã°£±îÁö °í·ÁÇÏ¿© enoxaparin Åõ¾à ½ÃÁ¡À» Á¶Á¤ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì´Â º¸Áö ¸øÇÑ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
4. ¿ÀÈÄ 2½Ã¿¡ ÀÔ½ÇÇÑ È¯ÀÚÀε¥ ¿ÀÈÄ 4-5½Ã±îÁö 2-3½Ã°£ ´õ ±â´Ù·Á ½Ã¼úÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °ú¿¬ Å« Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖÀ»±î¿ä?
´äÀº ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ±×³É Á¶½ÉÇÏ´Â ¼ö ¹Û¿¡...... Àú °°À¸¸é ÀÔ½ÇÇÑ ±× ½Ã°£¿¡ ´ëÀå³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÏ°í ÀÛÀº ¿ëÁ¾Àº ¶¼°í Á¶±Ý Å©´Ù ½ÍÀ¸¸é ÀÔ¿øÇؼ ÇϽõµ·Ï ±ÇÇÏ´Â Á¤µµ¸¦ ÅÃÇßÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð ³»½Ã°æÀ̳ª Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç³ª ÀÛÀº ¿ëÁ¾ÀýÁ¦¼ú ÈÄ ÃâÇ÷ÀÇ À§ÇèÀÌ ÀÖÀ½À» Àß ¾Ë¸®°í, ±â·ÏÀ» ³²±â´Â °ÍÀº ´ç¿¬ÇÑ Á¶Ä¡ÀÌ°ÚÁö¿ä.
Àú¼ö°¡¶ó´Â ¾î·Á¿î ȯ°æ¿¡¼ ÃÊ°í¼Ó Áø·á¶ó´Â ¸»µµ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °üÇàÀÌ ¾ðÁ¦±îÁö °è¼ÓµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö Àúµµ ´ä´äÇÒ »ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿©·¯ Á¤Ã¥ÀÌ °áÁ¤µÇ´Â °úÁ¤À» »ìÇÇ¸é ¾î´À ´©±¸µµ ÁøÁöÇÏ°Ô È¯ÀÚ ¾ÈÀüÀº »ý°¢ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â µí ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´Ã µ·ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ½Î°Ô ½Î°Ô ½Î°Ô... °ú¿¬ ½Ñ ÀÇ·á°¡ ÁÁÀº ÀÇ·áÀϱî¿ä? ÀûÀýÇÑ ºñ¿ëÀ» ³»°í ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°í Ç°Áú ÁÁÀº ÀÇ·á ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ¹Þ´Â °ÍÀÌ ´õ ÁÁÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î¿ä? ¼±»ý´ÔÀÌ ÀÇ·á°èÀÇ »ç°í°¡ Àæ¾ÆÁø´Ù°í ´À³¢½Ã´Â °Íµµ °á±¹Àº ÀÇ»ç È¥ÀÚ¼ ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â Á¤Ã¥ ¹æÇâÀÇ °á°úÀ̱⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½Ñ°Ô ºñÁö¶±À̶ó´Â ¸»À» ¹Ï½À´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ÀûÁ¤ °¡°ÝÀÇ ÃÖ°í Áø·á¸¦ ¿øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½Î°í ÃÖ°íÀÎ °ÍÀº ¾øÀ¸´Ï±î.
11¿ù °æÁÖ¿¡¼ ÀÖÀ» ³»½Ã°æÇÐȸ¿¡¼ ³»½Ã°æ ȯÀÚÀÇ Ç×Ç÷¼ÒÆÇÁ¦, Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦ °ü·Ã °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ °øûȸ°¡ ¿¸³´Ï´Ù. ¹ßÇ¥ÀÚ°¡ ¹Îº´ÈÆ ±³¼öÀ̽ʴϴÙ. Àú´Â ²À Âü¼®ÇÏ·Á°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¾î¶»°Ô ³íÀǵǴÂÁö ±× °úÁ¤µµ ±Ã±ÝÇϴϱî¿ä.
[2020-8-14] ¿ÍÆĸ° overdose¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ´Â ¿Â°® Á¾·ùÀÇ ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
¿ÍÆĸ° overdose¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ hemoperitoneum°ú bowel wall thickening (INR 15, PT 6%)
[2022-7-16] À̽ºÆ® ¾Æ½Ã¾È ÆĶ󵶽º East Asian Paradox
[2022-9-23] ½ÉÀåÇÐȸ¿¡¼ "optimal anti-platelet and anti-cagulation treatment before diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy (an endoscopist's perspective)"¶ó´Â Á¦¸ñÀÇ °ÀÇ¿Í Åä·ÐÀ» ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦ °ÀÇ ¿äÁöÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
1. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼ ³»½Ã°æ Àü Ç×Ç÷¼ÒÆÇÁ¦³ª Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦¸¦ ÇÊ¿ä ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ¿À·¡ ²÷´Â ȯÀÚ°¡ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·Î ÀÎÇÑ ÁßdzÀ̳ª AMI¸¦ ÀÚÁÖ °æÇèÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌÀ¯´Â ¿©·µÀÔ´Ï´Ù. (1) ½º½º·Î ¾àÀ» ¿À·¡ ²÷¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í »ý°¢Çϴ ȯÀÚ°¡ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. °ú°ÅÀÇ Áø·á °æÇè¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ °ÍÀ̱⵵ ÇÏ°ÚÁö¸¸ Á¦°¡ Á¤È®È÷ ÀÌÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î ÃâÇ÷À» ¹«¼¿öÇÏ´Â ºÐµéÀÌ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. ÃâÇ÷Àº ´«¿¡ º¸ÀÌ´Â À§ÇèÀÌÁö¸¸, »ç½Ç ½ÉÇ÷°ü°è ÇÕº´ÁõÀÌ ´õ¿í ¹«¼¿î °á°ú¸¦ °¡Áö°í ¿É´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚµéÀÌ µÎ °¡Áö À§ÇèÀÇ ±ÕÇüÀ» »ý°¢ÇÏÁö´Â ¸øÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. 3ºÐ Áø·á¸¦ ÇÏ¸é¼ À̸¦ ¼³¸íÇÒ ¼öµµ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. (2) ¾àÀ» ¿À·¡ ²÷Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é °Ë»çÇØÁÖÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ú´Ù´Â º´¿øÀ̳ª °ËÁø¼¾ÅÍ°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÃâÇ÷ ÇÕº´Áõ ¹ß»ý ½Ã °ï¶õÇÑ »óȲ¿¡ ºüÁø °æÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Â º´¿ø¿¡¼ ±×¿Í °°Àº ¹æħÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æ ÈÄ ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿© ¹Î¿øÀ̳ª ¼Ò¼Û µîÀ¸·Î ¿¬°áµÇ¾î Å« °íÅëÀ» ¹Þ´Â ÀÇ»çµéµµ ÀûÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ¾î¿ ¼ö ¾øÀÌ µ¿¹ÝµÇ´Â ÇÕº´ÁõÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÇ·áÁøÀ» º¸È£ÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. (3) ½ÉÇ÷°üÁúȯ Àü¹®°¡µéµµ °£È¤ °¡À̵å¶óÀκ¸´Ù ±æ°Ô ¾àÀ» ²÷±â¸¦ ±ÇÇϱ⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. (4) ¿µ¾î Ç¥ÇöÀ» ¿ì¸®¸»·Î ¿Å±â´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ÇÏ·ç ´õ ²÷´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
2. ¾Ö½Ã´çÃÊ ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»çµµ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. ÁßÁõ ½ÉÇ÷°ü°è ÁúȯÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚ´Â °ËÁø ³»½Ã°æÀÇ ´ë»óÀÌ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. ±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ °ËÁø ³»½Ã°æÀ» À§ÇÏ¿©, ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ô ¾àÀ» ²÷°í, ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ô À§Çè¿¡ ³ëÃâµÇ¾î, ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ô ÇÕº´ÁõÀ» °æÇèÇÏ´Â »ç·Ê¸¦ º¸¸é ¾ÈŸ±õ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó ÀÇ·á ÇöÀåÀÇ °úÀ× °Ë»ç´Â Å« ¹®Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Àú¼ö°¡°¡ ±Ùº» ¿øÀÎÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
3. °ÀÇ Á¦¸ñ¿¡µµ before¶ó´Â ´Ü¾î°¡ µé¾îÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ½ÉÇ÷°üÁúȯ Àü¹®°¡µéÀº before¸¦ ÀǽÄÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æ ÀÇ»çµéÀº ½Ã¼ú Áß ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ÃâÇ÷Àº Àß ÇØ°áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀúÈñµé¿¡°Ô´Â after°¡ Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ö¼úÀ» ÀýÁ¦¸¦ ÇÑ ÈÄ ºÀÇÕÀ» ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æÀº ÀýÁ¦¸¦ ÇÑ ÈÄ º´¼Ò¸¦ ºÀÇÕÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î ³ëÃâµÈ »óÅ°¡ µË´Ï´Ù. ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ Áö¿¬ ÃâÇ÷ÀÇ À§ÇèÀÌ Å®´Ï´Ù. ÀúÈñ¿¡°Ô´Â after°¡ Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ ¾ðÁ¦ ¾àÀ» ´Ù½Ã ½ÃÀÛÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö°¡ Áß¿äÇѵ¥ ÀÌ´Â »ó¼¼È÷ ´Ù·ïÁöÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ½Ã¼ú Àü ¾à¹° Áß´Ü ±â°£À» ÁÙÀÌ°í ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ ¾à¹° ½ÃÀÛ ½ÃÁ¡À» ´ÊÃß´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
4. DOAC (NOAC)ÀÌ °ÆÁ¤ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. AntiplateletÀ̳ª warfarinÀº õõÈ÷ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ¾àÁ¦ÀÎÁö¶ó ³»½Ã°æ ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´õ¶óµµ õõÈ÷ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ direct acting drugÀÎ DOACÀº Áï½Ã ºü¸£°Ô ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© NOAC µå½Ã°í °ð ÃâÇ÷Çϴ ȯÀÚ°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. NOAC´Â half dose·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¸é ¾î¶»±î¿ä? ±Ù°Å´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ÀúÀÇ °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ Èñ¸ÁÀÏ »ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù¸¸.5. ¾ð¾î Ç¥ÇöÀÇ ¹®Á¦µµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. À§³»½Ã°æ ¹× Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¸¦ À§Çؼ¶ó¸é DOACÀº ²÷À» ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø´Â ¾àÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡´Â omit DOAC on morning of procedure¶ó°í µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¼¾ç½Ä Ç¥ÇöÀ¸·Î´Â ÇÏ·ç ²÷´Â´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸³ª ¿ì¸®¸» Ç¥ÇöÀ¸·Î´Â '²÷Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù'°¡ Àû´çÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àü³¯±îÁö ¾àÀ» µå½Ã°í ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»çÀÏ ¾Æħ¿¡¸¸ ¾àÀ» µå½ÃÁö ¸¶¼¼¿ä..... ¿ì¸® ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô´Â '¾àÀ» ²÷Áö ¸¶¼¼¿ä. Àü³¯±îÁö µå¼¼¿ä'¶ó°í Ç¥ÇöÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. High risk procedure¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© DOACÀº ÀÌƲ ²÷´Â ¾àÀÌ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀº 48½Ã°£ Àü¿¡ ¸¶Áö¸· ¾àÀ» ¸ÔÀ¸¶ó°í µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®¸»·Î Ç¥ÇöÇϸé ÀÌƲ ²÷´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í 'ÇÏ·ç ²÷À¸¼¼¿ä'ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼¾ç¿¡¼´Â ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ ž¸é 0»ìÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼´Â ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ ž¸é 1»ìÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À̹ø¿¡ Á¤Â÷ÇÒ ¿ªÀÇ ¿µ¾î Ç¥ÇöÀº next stationÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Á÷¿ªÇϸé Àǹ̰¡ ´Þ¶óÁý´Ï´Ù. ¾ð¾îÇ¥Çö»óÀÇ À̽´·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ¿ì¸® ȯÀÚµéÀº ¼¾çÀÇ °¡À̵å¶óÀκ¸´Ù ÇϷ羿 ¾àÀ» ´õ ²÷°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀº ¿ì¸®¸»·Î ¸¸µé¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼¾ç °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â ¾ð¾î Ç¥ÇöÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ¿¡ ¼¼½ÉÇÑ ÁÖÀÇ°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
[2023-8-15. ÇÑ ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®¿¡ ´äÇÔ]
5ÀÏÀü ÅäÇ÷°ú Èæ»öº¯À¸·Î (INR > 5) ¿ÍÆĸ°À» Áß´ÜÇÏ°í enoxaparin SQ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í Àִµ¥, 1ÀÏ Àü 2¹øÀÇ Èæ»öº¯ÀÌ ÀÖ¾î (INR < 1.5) ³»½Ã°æ ÁöÇ÷¼úÀ» °í·ÁÇϴ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ ½Ã¼ú ÀüÈÄ ¾à¹°°ü¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áú¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Àΰø½Â¸ðÆǸ·Ä¡È¯¼úÀ» ¹Þ°í ¿ÍÆĸ°À» ¾²°í °è½Å ȯÀÚÀ̹ǷΠ°íÀ§ÇèȯÀÚÀÔ´Ï´Ù. EMR, ESD µî elective procedure°¡ ¾Æ´Ï°í ¹Ýº¹ ÃâÇ÷ ȯÀÚÀÇ ÀÀ±Þ ³»½Ã°æÀ̹ǷΠ»öÀüÁõ À§Ç躸´Ù´Â ÃâÇ÷ À§ÇèÀ» Á» ´õ °í·ÁÇÏ´Â »óȲÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÇ°ßÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
1. ¿ÍÆĸ° °ú¿ë·® (INR 5ÀÌ»ó)ÀÌ¸é¼ »óºÎÀ§Àå°ü ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ Àִ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼´Â ¿ÍÆĸ°¸¸ Áß´ÜÇÏ°í enoxaparinÀ» ¾²Áö ¾Ê°í ÁöÄѺ¸´Â °Íµµ °¡´ÉÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
2. HemoglobinÀÇ ÃßÀÌ¿Í Èæ»öº¯ÀÇ ¾çÀ» »ìÆ캸½Ê½Ã¿À. 5ÀÏ Àü ÅäÇ÷°ú Èæ»öº¯À» º¸¾Ò°í 1ÀÏ Àü ´Ù½Ã Èæ»öº¯À» º¸¾Ò´Ù¸é active bleedingÀÌ ¾Æ´Ò ¼öµµ Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
3. ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼´Â Forrest Ia, Ib, IIaÀ̸é ÁöÇ÷¼úÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ°ÚÁö¸¸ IIbÀÎ °æ¿ì´Â °¡±ÞÀû °üÂû¸¸ ÇÏ°í ÁöÇ÷¼úÀ» ½ÃµµÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ ³ªÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±Ü¾î ºÎ½º·³ÀÌ µÇ±âµµ Çϴϱî¿ä.
4. ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼ active bleedingÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é warfarinÀ» loading dose ¾øÀÌ Æò¼Ò À¯Áö ¿ë·®À¸·Î ÇÏ·ç Çѹø Åõ¿©ÇÏ¸é¼ °æ°ú¸¦ º¸´Â °ÍÀÌ Àû´çÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °æ¿ì Àú´Â enoxaparinÀº »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
5. ÃâÇ÷°ú »öÀüÀÇ À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸íÀ» ÀØÁö ¸¶½Ê½Ã¿À.
6. INRÀÌ ÀÚ²Ù ¿Ã¶ó°¡´Â °æ¿ìÀ̹ǷΠ¿ÍÆĸ° ¿ë·®»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Æò¼ÒÀÇ ½Ä»ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ó´ãµµ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
1) Ç×Ç÷¼ÒÆÇÁ¦ Antiplatelets - ³»½Ã°æ ȤÀº Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç Àü ¾Æ½ºÇǸ°, Ç×Ç÷¼ÒÆÇÁ¦¸¦ ²÷À» °ÍÀΰ¡?
2) »õ·Î¿î Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦ New oral anticoagulant (NOAC)
3) Ç×Ç÷¼ÒÆÇÁ¦, Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦ Áß´Ü Áöħ (»ï¼º¼¿ïº´¿ø 2011)
4) Periprocedural management of patients receiving a vitamin K antagonist or a direct oral anticoagulant requiring an elective procedure or surgery. Spyropoulos AC. J Thromb Haemost 2016 (PDF 0.5 M).
5) A lecture on antithrombotics (2020)
© ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¹Ù¸¥³»½Ã°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÀÌÁØÇà. EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.