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EndoTODAY ³»½Ã°æ ±³½Ç


[À§¾ÏÇÐȸ KINGCA 2017]

ÀϽÃ: 2017³â 3¿ù 23ÀÏ (¸ñ)- 3¿ù 25 (Åä)

Àå¼Ò: ºÎ»ê Bexco

ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ PDF

2017-3-24. Gala dinner

ÀúÀÇ ¹ßÇ¥¿Í °°Àº ½Ã°£¿¡ room B¿¡¼­´Â Endoscopy sessionÀÌ ¿­·È½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦¸ñÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
1) Introduction: Korean perspective of upper endoscopy for surgeon (°¡Å縯´ëÇб³ ¼Û±³¿µ)
2) How to start endoscopy and what we need to do safe procedure (¿ï»ê´ëÇб³ Á¤ÈÆ¿ë)
3) Usefulness of surgeon's endoscopy in perioperative evaluation for gastric cancer (°æ»ó´ëÇб³ ¹ÚÁöÈ£)
4) Development and training of endoscopy for surgeons in Hong Kong (Philip Chiu, Hong Kong)

°­ÀǸ¦ µèÁö ¸øÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ³Ê¹« ¾Æ½¬¿ö Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ±³¼ö´Ô²² µû·Î ¹®ÀÇÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ»êº´¿ø¿¡¼­´Â ÃʽÉÀÚ¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© 3 °³¿ù Á¤µµÀÇ introductory course¸¦ ¿î¿µÇÏ°í °è½Å´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á¦°¡ ¿î¿µÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â 3°³¿ù ÄÚ½º(¾Æ·¡ table)¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÑ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ƯÀÌÇÑ °ÍÀº (1) image trainingÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç °úÁ¤À» »ó¼¼È÷ ±â¼úÇÑ ¹®¼­¸¦ ¸¸µé°í À̸¦ ¾Ï±âÇϵµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡°ú (2) ÀÌÁøÇõ ±³¼ö´Ô²²¼­ °³¹ßÇϽŠ3-D modelÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ³»½Ã°æ »ðÀÔ¹ý ¿¬½ÀÀ» ÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æÀ» Àâ±â Àü »ó´ç ±â°£ intensiveÇÑ ±³À°À» ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡Àº ÀλóÀûÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸½À´Ï´Ù. ½Ã´ë°¡ ¹Ù²î¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÃæºÐÇÑ ±³À° ¾øÀÌ ³»½Ã°æÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀº ¾ø¾î¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

SMC basic endoscopy training course (3 months)
Program1st month2nd month3rd month
On-line lecture


KSGE lectures 1-10 KSGE lectures 11-20
Staff lecture (1) Insertion
(2) Description
(3) Common GI disorders
One point lesson One point lesson
Book & Journal club Textbook reading with tutors Review the review Review the review
Description training 1, 2, 3, 4 5, 6, 7, 8 9, 10, 11, 12
Gastric cancers 1,000 Season 1 Season 2 Season 3
Weekly conference Endoscopy conference
GI conference
Endoscopy conference
GI conference
Endoscopy conference
GI conference
Observation and hands-on Weekly observation
Simulator training
Daily observation Hands-on
Others EndoTODAY
Topic presentation 1, 2, 3
EndoTODAY
Topic presentation 4, 5, 6
EndoTODAY
Topic presentation 7, 8, 9
Quiz 365


1. [¸ñ¿äÀÏ 11:00-12:30, Room A] Gastric cancer screening. Chair: Chisato Hamashima (National Cancer Center, Japan, chamashi@ncc.go.jp), Yong Chan Lee (Yonsei University, Korea, leeyc@yuhs.ac)

1) Outcome of National Cancer Screening Program with emphasis on gastric cancer. Il Ju Choi (±¹¸³¾Ï¼¾ÅÍ ÃÖÀÏÁÖ)

±¹°¡¾Ï°ËÁøÇÁ·Î±×·¥ Ãʱâ ȯÀÚ¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÑ Àå±â ¿¬±¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç¸¦ ¹ÞÀ¸¸é À§¾ÏÀ¸·Î »ç¸ÁÇÒ È®·üÀÌ Àý¹ÝÀ¸·Î ÁÙ¾îµì´Ï´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â Á¶±Ý ´õ ÁÁÀº °á°ú¸¦ º¸ÀÏ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿¹ÃøÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °í·É¿¡¼­´Â À§¾Ï °ËÁøÀÇ È¿°ú°¡ ±Þ°ÝÈ÷ ¶³¾îÁüÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

UGI series´Â ¾Ï»ç¸Á·ü °¨¼Ò È¿°ú°¡ ÇüÆí¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

±¹¸³¾Ï¼¾ÅÍ¿¡¼­´Â ¸ðµç À§¾ÏÀÇ 30% Á¤µµ°¡ ³»½Ã°æÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±¹³» ´ëÇüº´¿øÀº °ÅÀÇ ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¼öÁØÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

2) Management of incidentally found gastric adenoma/dyslasia. Jun Haeng Lee (¼º±Õ°üÀÇ´ë ÀÌÁØÇà)

Abstract

There are no generally accepted definitions of dysplasia and adenoma of the stomach. Dysplasia is best defined as an unequivocal neoplastic epithelial alteration. Detailed histological findings of gastric dysplasias have been described in many literatures. However, endoscopic or gross findings of gastric dysplasia need to be studied in more detail. Macroscopically, two types of dysplasias are recognized: elevated dysplasia and flat/depressed dysplasia.

Definition for adenoma is somewhat confusing. In the western countries, adenomas mean elevated or nodular lesions with dysplasia in histology, so only elevated type of dysplasias are considered as adenomas. In the eastern countries, however, both elevated and flat/depressed types of dysplasia are considered as adenomas. Actually, the terms dysplasia and adenoma are thought to be the same thing in the clinical practice. The difference is who prefers what. Usually, pathologists prefer dysplasia, and endoscopists prefer adenoma.

Dysplasias are graded as either high grade or low grade. So, adenomas (= dysplasias) can be divided as adenoma with low grade dysplasia (LGD) and adenoma with high grade dysplasia (HGD). In Korean pathologists' tradition, adenoma usually means adenoma with LGD.

In Korea, gastric adenomas with HGD are usually treated by endoscopic resection. In the final pathology for the resected specimen, 1/3 to 1/2 of adenomas with HGD are upgraded as cancer. Therapeutic approach for adenomas with HGD should be the same for early gastric cancers within absolute indications for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Situations for gastric adenomas with LGD are quite different. After endoscopic resection of adenoma with LGD, the risk of histological upgrading is relatively small. About 10-20% of adenomas with LGD are upgraded to adenoma with HGD and 5-10% are upgraded to early gastric cancers. So, the clinical options for adenomas with LGD can be resection (EMR or ESD), ablation, and observation. In the lecture, some data regarding the advantages and disadvantages of each treatment options will be discussed.

Sano ¼±»ý´Ô comment: ÀϺ»ÀÇ group classificationÀÌ upgradeµÇ¾ú°í group 2°¡ Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

3) Issues and future directions of Korean gastric cancer screening guideline. Á¤À챂 (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea)

2008³â¿¡ ¾Ï°ËÁø quality control ÁöħÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

2014³âÀÇ °æ¿ì organized screeningÀÌ 78.5%, opportunistic screeningÀÌ 21.5%¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

4) Japanese experience of gastric cancer screening. Chisato Hamashima (Division of Cancer Screening Assessment and Management, National Cancer Center, Tokyo)

ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ ³»½Ã°æÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ À§¾Ï °ËÁøÀÌ ½ÂÀεǾúÀ¸³ª '³»½Ã°æ Àǻ簡 ºÎÁ·'ÇÏ¿© ³Î¸® º¸±ÞµÇÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

PepsinogenÀ̳ª Helicobacter¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ °ËÁøÀº ÀÎÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀϺ»¿¡¼­´Â ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç¿¡ 73.6ºÐÀÌ °É¸°´Ù°í °è»êÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Áغñ¿Í ¼³¸íÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ½Ã°£ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

°Ç°­°ËÁø ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© »ç¸ÁÇÑ È¯ÀÚ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¼ÒÁßÇÑ ÀÚ·áÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Overdiagnosis´Â ¸Å¿ì ½É°¢ÇÑ ¹®Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿¬ÀÚ´Â ÀÌ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© »ó¼¼È÷ ¼³¸íÀ» ÇØ Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù.

À¯¹æ¾ÏÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â overdiagnosis¿Í screeningÀÇ ÇÊ¿ä¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àǹ®ÀÌ °è¼Ó Á¦±âµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

³»½Ã°æ °á°ú¸¦ ¹Ù·Î Á¦ÃâÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ interpretation meetingÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© Àü¹®°¡µéÀÇ double check ÈÄ °á°ú¸¦ ³»´Â quality control systemÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀϺ»ÀÇ recommendationÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ²À ÇÑ ¹ø Àо¼¼¿ä.


2. [¸ñ¿äÀÏ 13:30-15:00, Room A] Cutting edge technology for diagnosis and treatment

1) Role of MRI - ±è¼¼Çü

Diffusion-weighted image: Á¾¾çÀº DWI¿¡¼­ ¹à°Ô º¸À̹ǷΠsensitivity°¡ ³ô´Ù.

Perfusion MR imaging:

2) Confocal endoscopy - ¹ÚÁØö

3) Near-infrared guided gastric cancer surgery - °ø¼ºÈ£ (¼­¿ï´ëÇб³)


3. [±Ý¿äÀÏ breakfast session] What to do with the large hiatal hernia - Lars Lundell

¼­¾çÀº hiatal hernia¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ short esophagus°¡ ÈçÇѵ¥ µ¿¾ç¿¡¼­ short esophagus°¡ ÀÚÁÖ ¾ð±ÞµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­´Â large hiatal hernia, short esophagus°¡ Å« ¹®Á¦¶ó°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ƯÈ÷ strangulationÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â hiatal hernia°¡ ´Ã°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº Å« ¹®Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Lundell ±³¼ö´Â À§°¡ Èä°­À¸·Î 50% ÀÌ»ó ¿Ã¶ó°£ °ÍÀ» type 4 hiatal hernia·Î ºÒ·¶½À´Ï´Ù. 50% Á¤µµ ȤÀº ±× ÀÌÇÏ·Î ¿Ã¶ó°£ °æ¿ì´Â type 3·Î ºÐ·ùÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

Hiatal hernia·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¹®Á¦´Â ºù»êÀÇ ÀÏ°¢Ã³·³ ¾ÆÁ÷ ´Ù µå·¯³ªÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. Giant hiatal hernia¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÀ±Þ¼ö¼úÀº »ç¸Á·üÀÌ ³ô½À´Ï´Ù.

Giant hiatal hernia´Â ´ëºÎºÐ symptomatic ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Asymptomatic ÇÑ °æ¿ì´Â ÀÖ´õ¶óµµ ¸Å¿ì µå¹°±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Áõ»óÀ» ÀÚ¼¼È÷ Æò°¡ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹®Á¦´Â ¼ö¼úÀ» ÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡ ȤÀº careful observationÀ» ÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡ÀÇ ¹®Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

¼­¾ç¿¡¼­ hiatal hernia ¼ö¼úÀº ´ëºÎºÐ laparoscopicÀ¸·Î ½ÃÇàÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Thoracoscopic À¸·Î ¼ö¼úÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì´Â °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Â ¸ð¾çÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Lundell ±³¼ö´Â emergent paraesophageal hernia surgery (PEH)ÀÇ mortality°¡ ³ô´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¿À·£ ½Ã°£ discussion ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

Paraesophageal hernia ¼ö¼ú¿¡¼­ funduplicationÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ°¡? reflux syndrome score·Î º¸¸é ±â¼úÀû ³íÀÇ·Î mesh¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Åä·ÐÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Mesh¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§ ½É°¢ÇÑ ÇÕº´ÁõÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÑ °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³ôÀº Àç¹ß·üµµ Áß¿äÇÑ À̽´ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


°­ÀǸ¦ µè´Ù º¸´Ï recurrent bleedingÀ¸·Î ³»¿øÇϼ̴ø large hiatal hernia ȯÀÚ°¡ ¶°¿Ã¶ú½À´Ï´Ù. Hiatal hernia°¡ ½ÉÇÏ°í Cameron ulcer·Î ÀÎÇÑ ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÑ °æ¿ì¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¼ö¼úÀû Ä¡·á¸¦ ±ÇÇßÀ¸³ª ȯÀÚ°¡ ¾à¹°Ä¡·á¸¦ ¿øÇÏ¿© »ó´ç ±â°£ PPI¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ¹Ýº¹µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. óÀ½¿¡´Â ½ÉÇÑ sliding hernia »óÅ¿´À¸³ª ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³ª°í ±¸Åä, º¹Åë, ÃâÇ÷·Î ȯÀÚ°¡ ¼ö¼úÀ» °á½ÉÇÏ°Ô µÉ ¹«·Æ¿¡´Â À§ ÀüºÎ°¡ Ⱦ°Ý¸· À§·Î ¿Ã¶ó¿Â type 4 hiatal hernia°¡ µÈ »óÅ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

½ÉÇÑ sliding hiatal hernia with Cameron ulcer bleeding »óÅÂ

¼ö¼úÇϱâ Á÷Àü. À§ Àüü°¡ Ⱦ°æ¸· »ó¹æÀ¸·Î À̵¿µÈ type 4 hiatal hernia »óÅÂ

Laparoscopic hernia reduction and partial fundoplicationÀ̶ó´Â ¼ö¼úÀ» ÇÏ¿´°í ±ò²ûÈ÷ ÁÁ¾ÆÁ³½À´Ï´Ù.


4. [±Ý¿äÀÏ 10:10-11:40, Room C] Updates on ESD (endoscopic submucosal dissection) for EGC (early gastric cancer)

1. ESD for EGC with uncommon histological subtypes. ±è±¤ÇÏ (ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³)

Papillary adenocarcinoma´Â differentiated-typeÀ¸·Î °£ÁÖµÇÁö¸¸ differentiated-type tubular adenocarcinomaº¸´Ù´Â ¸²ÇÁÀý ÀüÀÌ À§ÇèÀÌ ³ô½À´Ï´Ù. Papillary adenocarcinoma·Î ¼ö¼úÇÑ È¯ÀÚ Áß ESD indication¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â 17¿¹ Áß 2¿¹ (11.%)¿¡¼­ ¸²ÇÁÀý ÀüÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù (World J Gastroenterol 2015;21:3944). ESD·Î Ä¡·áÇÑ papillary adenocarcinoma Áß 37.5%°¡ noncurative resectionÀ¸·Î ³ª¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. ¹®Á¦´Â ESD³ª ¼ö¼ú Àü Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô papillary adenocarcinoma¶ó°í ¾Ë±â ¾î·Æ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±è±¤ÇÏ ±³¼ö´ÔÀº ESD ÀûÀÀÁõ °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ undifferentiated-type°ú ºñ½ÁÇÏ°Ô °£ÁÖÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾î¶²°¡ Á¦¾ÈÇϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. (Gastric Cancer 2017. accepted)

Carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (=lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma)´Â »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ¸²ÇÁÀý ÀüÀÌ À§ÇèÀÌ ³·¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. Å©·Ðº´ ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» °¡Áø ¾Ïµµ ¿©±â¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. ±è±¤ÇÏ ±³¼ö´Ô´Â carcinoma with lymphoid stroma´Â carcinoid ó·³ ¾à°£ submucosal invasionÀÌ À־ ³»½Ã°æÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °Í °°´Ù°í ÀÇ°ßÀ» Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù (Surg Endosc 2017. accepted).

Poster

[2017-3-24. ÀÌÁØÇà Áú¹®]

Papillary adenocarcinoma°¡ LN ÀüÀÌ À§ÇèÀÌ ³ô´Ù¸é, ESD ÈÄ minute SM invasionÀ» º¸ÀΠȯÀÚ¿¡¼­´Â additional surgery¸¦ ±ÇÇÏ°í °è½Ê´Ï±î?

[2017-3-24. ±è±¤ÇÏ ±³¼ö´Ô ´äº¯]

Immunohistochemical staining µîÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© lymphatic involvement µî¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ º´¸®ÇÐÀû °ËÅ並 ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Minute SM invasion ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ risk factor°¡ ¾øÀ¸¸é careful follow upÀ» ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Åë»óÀÇ È¯ÀÚº¸´Ù follow-up intervalÀ» ª°Ô ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. º¸ÅëÀÇ È¯ÀÚ´Â ESD ÈÄ 6°³¿ù¿¡ ³»½Ã°æ°ú CT °Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÏ°í ÀÌÈķδ 1³â °£°ÝÀ¸·Î ÇÏ°í Àִµ¥, papillary adenocarcinoma¿¡¼­´Â °è¼Ó 6°³¿ù °£°ÝÀ¸·Î ÃßÀû°üÂûÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

* Âü°í: À§¾Ï ºÐÈ­µµ. °üÂûÀÚ°£ Â÷ÀÌ ¹× ½Ã¼ú ÀüÈÄ Â÷ÀÌ - ÁÖ¹Ì. ´ëÇÑ»óºÎÀ§Àå°üÇ︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍÇÐȸ Summer workshop (2014)


2. ESD for undifferentiated type EGC. Yorimasa Yamamoto (Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo)

Yamamoto. Digest Endosc 2010

2015³â ÇѸ²´ëÇб³ ¹é±¤È£ ±³¼ö´Ô ÆÀ¿¡¼­ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ meta-analysis¸¦ ¼Ò°³µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù (Bang CS. World J Gastroenterol. 2015). 14°³ÀÇ ¿¬±¸(Çѱ¹ 10°³, ÀϺ» 4°³; 2°³´Â multicenter, 12°³ ¿µ¾î, 2°³ Çѱ¹¾î)°¡ ºÐ¼®µÈ ÀÚ·áÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

È®´ë³»½Ã°æÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© undifferentiated-type cancerÀÇ ºÐÆ÷ ¿µ¿ªÀ» ÆľÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Horiuchi Y. Gastric Cancer 2016;19:515

¾Ï¿¬±¸È¸º´¿ø¿¡¼­ undifferentiated-type EGC¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»½Ã°æ Ä¡·áÀÇ Àå±â ¼ºÀûÀ» º¸¿©Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù .

P/D adenocarcinoma´Â SM invasionÀ» Àß Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Á¡¸·¾Ï »óÅ¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀϺ»¿¡¼­´Â undifferentiated-type EGC¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»½Ã°æ Ä¡·á¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ù±â°ü Àӻ󿬱¸°¡ ÁøÇàµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (JOCG 1009/1010).

[2017-3-24. ÀÌÁØÇà Áú¹®]

Is there any difference in ESD for undifferentiated type EGC in Hp (+) or Hp (-) patients?

[2017-3-24. Dr Yamamoto ´äº¯]

The demarcation line is more clear in Hp (-) patient, so it is easier to ESD. Hp (-) undifferentiated type cancer is frequently found in GC side of mid to lower body, and the color is pale.

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY Undifferentiated type EGC


3. Longterm outcome of ESD after curative and noncurative resection. ÀÌ¿Ï½Ä (Àü³²´ëÇб³)

Á¶±âÀ§¾Ï ³»½Ã°æ Ä¡·á´Â continuous processÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Indication¿¡ µû¶ó ESD candidate¸¦ ¼±Á¤ÇÏ°í, Ä¡·á ÈÄ º´¸®°á°ú¿¡ µû¶ó curability¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Vertical marginÀÌ ¾ç¼ºÀ̸é residual tumor°¡ 40%, lymph node involvement°¡ 10% Á¤µµÀ̹ǷΠ¼ö¼úÀº mandatoryÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Lateral margin ¾ç¼º¿¡¼­´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¼±ÅÃÀ» ÇÒ ¼öµµ Àִµ¥ second ESD¸¦ ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ°í ¼ö¼úÀ» ±ÇÇϱ⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù (EndoTODAY ÀýÁ¦º¯¿¬ ¾ç¼º).

Non-curative resection¿¡¼­ ¼ö¼úÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æµµ disease specific survival¿¡ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ¾ø´Ù´Â ÀÚ·á°¡ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù.

* È°¹ßÇÑ discussionÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±è±¤ÇÏ ±³¼ö´Ô°ú Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ±³¼ö´ÔÀº proximal location º´¼ÒÀÇ non-curative resectionÀÇ °æ¿ì (1) Àç¹ß ¿ì·Á´Â Á» ´õ ³ô´Ù Á¡°ú (2) total gastrectomy ÈÄ »îÀ» Áú ÀúÇÏ ¹®Á¦¸¦ µ¿½Ã¿¡ °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ÀÔÀå¿¡¼­ ÀÇ°ßÀ» Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù. ±è±¤ÇÏ ±³¼ö´ÔÀº Á¶½É½º·¯¿î follow upÀ» ¾ð±ÞÇϼ̰í, Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ±³¼ö´ÔÀº ¿Ü°úÀÇ»ç¿Í Àß »óÀÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ¸»¾¸Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. °¡Å縯´ëÇб³ ¿Ü°ú ¼Û±³¿µ ±³¼ö´Ô²²¼­´Â (1) curability¸¦ ´õ Áß¿äÇÏ°Ô »ý°¢ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ°í, (2) Á» ´õ Àû±ØÀûÀ¸·Î Á¢±ÙÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ÀÇ°ßÀ» Áֽø鼭 (3) proximal gastrectomy¿Í °°Àº ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ optionÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡À» °­Á¶Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù.

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY ESD curative resection Àå±â ¼ºÀû

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY ESD non-curative resection Àå±â ¼ºÀû


4. Survival benefit of surgery after ESD. ¾ö¹æ¿ï (±¹¸³¾Ï¼¾ÅÍ)

Surgery rate°¡ ³·Àº ÀÌÀ¯´Â 'ȯÀÚ factor' ¸øÁö ¾Ê°Ô 'ÀÇ»ç factor'µµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ no residual tumor°¡ ³ª¿À¸é ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô "ÃàÇÏÇÕ´Ï´Ù. À§¾Ï¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ðµç Ä¡·á°¡ ³¡³µ°í ´ç½ÅÀº cure µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù'¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏÁö¸¸, over-treatment¸¦ ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ñ°¡ÇÏ´Â »ý°¢À» ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.

6°³ÀÇ ¿¬±¸¸¦ º¸¸é ¸ðµÎ upper lineÀÌ additional surgeryÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

±¹¸³¾Ï¼¾ÅÍÀÇ propensity matching data ÀڷḦ ¼Ò°³ÇÏ¿© Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù. (Surg Endo 2017)

[2017-3-24. ÀÌÁØÇà comment]

Among non-curative resection groups in your institution, four patients died of metastatic gastric cancer during follow up. I want to know whether the patients was absolute indication, expanded indication or beyond indication cases in the beginning. It's because most of the non-curative resection cases with lymph node metastasis in surgery or death during follow up were originially out of indication cases. I want to see the initial endoscopy picture for non-curative ESD cases. Most analysis was based on post-treatment diagnostic group. Another analysis based on pre-treatment diagnostic group can give another insight.

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY ESD non-curative resection Àå±â ¼ºÀû


5. [±Ý¿äÀÏ Á¡½É. ±èÁøº¹ ±³¼ö´Ô ±â³ä °­¿¬. Bridging between east and west in gastric cancer management. Professor Takeshi Sano (Japan)]

¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­ ¼ö¼úÇÑ È¯ÀÚÀÇ ¼ºÀûÀº ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ stage Ia ȯÀÚ¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¼ºÀûÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿Ö ÀÌ·± Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ³ª¿Ã±î¿ä?

Japanese styleÀ̶ó´Â Á¦¸ñÀÇ ½½¶óÀ̵å´Â Á¤¸» ÀλóÀûÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

¼­¾ç°ú µ¿¾çÀ» bridging Çϱâ À§Çؼ­´Â (1) ¿ë¾î¸¦ ÅëÀÏÇØ¾ß ÇÏ°í (2) RCT¸¦ ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

(1) ¿ë¾î ÅëÀÏÀ» À§ÇÑ ³ë·Â (= TNM staging): TNM-7Àº ½Äµµ¾Ï°ú À§¾ÏÀÇ hybridÀε¥ N3 nodeÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ°¡ ¹®Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ½Äµµ¾Ï¿¡¼­ 7°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¸²ÇÁÀý ÀüÀÌ°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ¸Å¿ì ¿¹ÈÄ°¡ ³ª»Þ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À§¾Ï¿¡¼­´Â 7°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¸²ÇÁÀý ÀüÀÌ°¡ À־ cureÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. IGCA stagingÀ» »õ·Î Á¦¾ÈÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

(2) RCT: ¸î °¡Áö extended surgery¿¡ ´ëÇÑ RCT´Â negative °á°ú¸¦ º¸¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª subset analysis¿¡¼­´Â ¸î °¡Áö Áß¿äÇÑ ÀǹÌÀÖ´Â ¼Ò°ßÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °á°ú´Â ¿¹»ó°ú ¹Ý´ëµÇ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¸¹Àº lesson µéÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌÁ¦´Â ¸¹ÀÌ °¡±î¿öÁ³½À´Ï´Ù.


6. [±Ý¿äÀÏ 13:30-15:00, Room A] MDT approach for gastric cancer

Case 1. AGC Borrmann type IV with peritoneal seeding.

Explo lapa¸¦ ÇÏ¿´À¸³ª peritoneal seeding noduleÀÌ ÀÖ¾î ÀÏ´Ü Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·á ÈÄ (¸®°¡Å¸ trial¿¡¼­ peritoneal seedingÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì gastrectomy´Â survival gainÀÌ ¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.) ¿µ»ó ¼Ò°ßÀÌ ÁÁ¾Æ°í ÀÖ¾úÀ¸³ª obstruction Áõ»óÀ¸·Î stent ÈÄ ´Ù½Ã explo¸¦ ÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥ peritoneal seedingÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÁ®¼­ surgical resectionÀ» ÇÏ¿´°í no residual tumor·Î ³ª¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. Peritoneal seedingÀÌ short-term chemotherapy·Î È£ÀüµÇ¾ú´õ¶óµµ ´ëºÎºÐ °ð Àç¹ßÇϱ⶧¹®¿¡ Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·á¸¦ °è¼ÓÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.


Case 2. AGC Borrmann type IV

Imaging workup¿¡¼­ definitely unresectableÀ̾ú°í Á¶Á÷°Ë»ç¿¡¼­ c-ErbB +1, EGFR 2+ ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Preop chemotherapy (TS-1/Cisplatin) ÈÄ left adrenal gland ÁÖº¯ÀÇ soft tissue°¡ È®½ÇÈ÷ ÁÙ¾îµé¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Çü¿ìÁø ±³¼ö´ÔÀº peritoneal seeding ¿©ºÎ¸¦ º¸±â À§ÇÏ¿© explo lapa°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í comment ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Peritoneal seedingÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é ¼ö¼úÀ» ½ÃµµÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

¼ö¼ú (extended total gastrectomy + splenectomy + omentectomy + IP chemotherapy) ÈÄ Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·á¸¦ Ãß°¡ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.


Case 3. ÀӽŠ18ÁÖ À§¾Ï.

º¹°­°æ ¼ö¼úÀ» ÇÏ¿´°í ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ º´±â´Â T4aN3M1¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¼ö¼ú ÈÄ Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·á°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇѵ¥ žƸ¦ ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö °í¹ÎÀÔ´Ï´Ù. (1) Early delivery ȤÀº (2) ÀÓ½ÅÀ» À¯ÁöÇϸ鼭 Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·á.

ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ÀӽŠ2±â¿¡´Â °¡´ÉÇϸé Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·á¸¦ ÇÇÇÏÁö¸¸, ÀӽŠ3±â¿¡´Â ÇÊ¿äÇϸé ÀÓ½ÅÀ» À¯ÁöÇϸ鼭 Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·á¸¦ ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


Case 4. Multiple ESD ÈÄ ÇùÂø

biopsy: tubular adenoma with HGD and suspicious for carcinomatous focus. ESD: M/D, 2.4cm in lamina propria.

biopsy: tubular adenoma, ESD: 9mm tubular adenoma

biopsy: atypical epithelium, favor W/D adenocarcinoma

ESD¸¦ ÇÏ¿´°í 3.9cm lamina propria cancer with one resection margin involvement·Î ³ª¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. °æ°ú°üÂû, Ãß°¡ ³»½Ã°æ ½Ã¼ú, ¼ö¼ú Áß ¾î¶² ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÅÃÇϽðڽÀ´Ï±î?

Gastric outlet obstructionÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿© ¿©·¯¹ø balloon dilatationÀ» ÇÏ¿´À¸³ª Áõ»óÀÌ Áö¼ÓµÇ¾î °á±¹ subtotal gastrectomy¸¦ ÇÏ¿´°í residual tumor´Â ¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

[ÀÌÁØÇà comment]

When more than half of the antral mucosa is removed by ESD, there is a chance of obstruction. In that case, we have 3 possible preventive options. (1) Oral steroid therapy for 4 to 8 weeks, (2) intralesional triamcinolone injection, and (3) histamine 2 receptor antagnosist rather than usual PPI, which is the most commonly used anti-acid medication after ESD. PPI seems to be too potent that it can induce overhealing.

[Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ±³¼ö´Ô comment]

´Ù¸¥ Çмú¸ðÀÓ¿¡¼­ ÇÑ ¹ø ³íÀÇÇß´ø ȯÀÚÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Clinical course°¡ ±æ°í, ÇÕº´ÁõÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú°í, °á±¹ ¼ö¼úÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ´Ù¼Ò ÀǾÆÇØ ÇÏ½Ç ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ È¯ÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â ¼ö¼úÀ» ¹«Ã´ ²¨·ÁÇϼ̴ٰí ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÁøÇ༺ À§¾ÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ »óȲ¿¡¼­ Ä¡·á ¹æħÀÇ ¼±Åÿ¡ ÀÖ¾î ȯÀÚÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀ» Á¸ÁßÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾øÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY ESD ÈÄ ÇùÂø

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY ESD ÀýÁ¦ º¯¿¬ ¾ç¼º


7. [±Ý¿äÀÏ 16:30-18:00. Room C] Standardization of gastric cancer guideline: East vs West

1) Experience of development for Korean gastric cancer guideline - ±è¿ëÀÏ (ÀÌÈ­¿©´ë)

PDF 0.5M

[ÀÌÁØÇà È¥À㸻] Á¦°¡ °£»ç·Î Âü¿©ÇÏ¿© ¸¸µé¾ú´ø ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó À§¾Ï °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ(±Ù°Å ±â¹Ý À§¾Ï Áø·á ±Ç°í¾È, PDF 0.5 M)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ëÀÎÁö¶ó °¨È¸°¡ »õ·Î¿ü½À´Ï´Ù. ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ¹æ¹ý·ÐÀ» ±×´ë·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´°í, Á¤Ä¡Àû °í·Áµµ Áö³ªÃƱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ³¯Ä«·Î¿òÀ» ÀÒ°í ¸ðÈ£ÇÑ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀÌ µÇ¾î¹ö¸° °Í °°¾Æ ¹Ý¼ºÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿©ÇÏÆ° º°·Î ÀοëµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °á°ú¸¦ ³º°í ¸»¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼­´Â ¼­¾çÀÇ ¹æ¹ý·ÐÀ» ±×´ë·Î µû¸£±âº¸´Ù´Â ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô µµ¿òµÇ´Â ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ¿ì¸® »ý°¢´ë·Î ÀÏÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹è¿ü½À´Ï´Ù.

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ


2) How to standardize gastric cancer management globally: expected difficulty and proposal - "western view" - Henk Hartgrink (Leiden University, Netherlands)

D2 lymph node dissection¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼­¾çÀÎÀÇ »ý°¢À» ÄÚÅ©·¹ÀÎÀ» ÀοëÇÏ¿© º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Ç¥ÁØÄ¡·á·Î ¸¶Áö ¸øÇØ accept ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ °ÆÁ¤ÀÌ »ç¶óÁöÁö ¾ÊÀº °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

¹Ì±¹, ÀϺ», µ¿¾çÀÇ Ä¡·á¹æ¹ýÀÌ ´Ù¸£´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ½½¶óÀ̵åÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

* Floor¿¡¼­ ÇÑ ¼­¾çÀÎÀÇ comment: "Adjuvant chemotherapyÀÇ È¿°ú´Â ÁÖ·Î proximal gastric cancer ȤÀº GE junction cancer¿¡¼­ ÇöÀúÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Distal gastric cancer, pure gastric cancer¿¡¼­´Â ±× È¿°ú°¡ ¸íÈ®ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. Distal gastric cancer ´Â ¼ö¼ú aloneÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °Í ¾Æ´Ñ°¡¿ä?"


3) How to standardize gastric cancer management globally: expected difficulty and proposal - "Japanese view" - Takeshi Sano (¾Ï¿¬±¸È¸º´¿ø, ÀϺ»)

2017³â 5¹ø° °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥µÉ ¿¹Á¤ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 2010³â 3¹ø° revisionÀÌ Å« º¯È­¸¦ °¡Á®¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù.

Japanese classification (JC)¿Í guideline (GL)À» ±¸ºÐÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

ÀϺ» °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀº evidence-based guidelineÀÇ Çü½ÄÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í textbook formatÀÎ Á¡ÀÌ °¡Àå Å« Ư¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Evidence levelÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, consensus-basedÀÓÀ» ¸íÈ®È÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

°¥¶óÆÄ°í½ºÈ­ Çö»óÀ» À̾߱â ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÀϺ» °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀº ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÇϱâ À§ÇÑ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±¹Á¦ÀûÀ¸·Î À¯¸íÇÑ ÀÚ·á Á¶Â÷µµ »ç¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê°í ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ¿¬±¸ °á°ú¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÑ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î À¯¸íÇÑ MAGIC trialµµ curative surgery°¡ µå¹°¾ú´Ù´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î ÀϺ» °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡¼­ accepted µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÏ°ß ºñ½ÁÇÑ RCT¶ó°í ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ survival curve°¡ ³Ê¹« ´Þ¶ó¼­ ÇØ¿ÜÀÇ ÀڷḦ ÀϺ» °¡À̵å¶óÀο¡ ¹Ý¿µÇϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

2017³â ¸»¿¡ ÀϺ»°¡À̵å¶óÀÎ 5ÆÇÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥µÉ ¿¹Á¤À̶ó°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀúÀÇ °ü½ÉÀ» ²ô´Â ºÎºÐÀº "expansion of absolute indication of ESD"À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ESD¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀϺ»ÀÇ ÃÖ±Ù °ßÇØ°¡ ¹Ý¿µµÉ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ À§¿øȸ¿¡´Â ³»½Ã°æÀÇ»ç´Â Dr. Ono (½ÃÁî¿ÀÄ« º´¿ø)¿Í Dr. Fujishiro (µ¿°æ´ëÇб³)°¡ Âü¿©ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Some of expanded indicationÀÌ absolute indicationÀ¸·Î Æ÷Ç﵃ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

* °­ÀÇ ÈÄ ´Ù¸¥ ÀϺ»ÀÎ Àǻ翡°Ô ¹®ÀÇÇÏ¿´À» ¶§ Á¡¸·ÇϾÏÀ̳ª undifferentiated-typeÀº Æ÷ÇÔµÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Ulcer findingÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸é Å©±â Á¦ÇÑÀÌ ¾ø´Â Á¡¸·¾Ï, ulcer findingÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é 3 cm ÀÌÇÏÀÇ Á¡¸·¾ÏÀÌ Æ÷Ç﵃ °Í °°´Ù´Â Àü¾ðÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡ ±×¸²¿¡¼­ B1°ú B2¸¸ absolute indicationÀ¸·Î Æ÷Ç﵃ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â À̾߱⠰°½À´Ï´Ù.


8. [Åä¿äÀÏ 7:30-8:20. Breakfast meeting] Palliative surgery for gastric cancer - Henk Hartgrink (Leiden University, Netherlands)

Palliation should foucus on (1) quality of life and (2) quantity of life.

Selection of words in this situation is important. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î 'fighting'À̶ó´Â ´Ü¾î¸¦ ¾²´Â ¼ö°¡ ¸¹Àºµ¥... ȯÀÚµéÀº ½Î¿ï ±â¿îÀÌ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Stent vs surgery. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î bypass°¡ À¯¸®ÇÏ°í stent´Â 2°³¿ù ÀÌ»óÀÇ life expectancy°¡ ¿¹»óµÉ ¶§ ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (Jeurnink SM. Gastrointest Endosc 2010). → (ÀÌÁØÇà ñÉ) ÀÌ ¿¬±¸´Â malignant gastric outlet obstruction ȯÀÚ¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿´À¸¹Ç·Î À§¾Ï¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ gastric outlet obstruction¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼ö¼ú°ú stentingÀÇ È¿°ú¸¦ ºñ±³ÇÑ RCT´Â ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö ¹ßÇ¥µÈ ¹Ù ¾ø´Ù°í º¸´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸Â½À´Ï´Ù.

Chemotherapy´Â ¾à°£ÀÇ survival gainÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 4.3 vs 11 months

Radiation might be a good option for bleeding.

REGATTA trial ¿¡¼­´Â "Since gastrectomy followed by chemotherapy did not show any survival benefit compared with chemotherapy alone in advanced gastric cancer with a single non-curable factor, gastrectomy cannot be justified for treatment of patients with these tumours."¶ó°í °á·ÐÁþ°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ È¯ÀÚ´Â peritoneal seedingÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú°í, ¼ö¼ú ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ proximal cancer°¡ ¸¹¾Ò°í, ÇÑÀÏ ¾ç±¹ÀÇ ³Ê¹« ¸¹Àº º´¿ø¿¡¼­ ³Ê¹« Àå±â°£ ȯÀÚ°¡ enrolled µÇ¾ú´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ ÁöÀûµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. °­»ç´Â editorialÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ¸ç REGATTA trialÀÇ ÇÑ°èÁ¡À» ´Ù½Ã Çѹø ÁöÀûÇÏ¿´Áö¸¸, major non-curative surgery should be discouraged¶ó´Âµ¥´Â µ¿ÀÇÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

(ÀÌÁØÇà ñÉ) REGATTA trialÀº Çѱ¹°ú ÀϺ» ¿Ü°ú ÀÇ»çµéÀÇ Ã¹ °øµ¿ RCTÀÔ´Ï´Ù (Fujitani K. Lancet Oncology 2016). ´ÜÀÏ ÀüÀÌ°¡ Àִ ȯÀÚ°¡ ´ë»óÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. "We did an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial at 44 centres or hospitals in Japan, South Korea, and Singapore. Patients aged 20-75 years with advanced gastric cancer with a single non-curable factor confined to either the liver (H1), peritoneum (P1), or para-aortic lymph nodes (16a1/b2) were randomly assigned (1:1) in each country to chemotherapy alone or gastrectomy followed by chemotherapy." µî·ÏµÈ ȯÀÚ´Â 175¸íÀ̾úÀ¸³ª Âü¿© ±â°üÀÌ 44°÷À̳ª µÇ¾ú´ø ¿¬±¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇÑ ±â°ü¿¡¼­ 4¸í¸¸ µî·ÏµÇ¾úÀ¸´Ï »ó´çÇÑ ¿ì¿©°îÀýÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. °Ô´Ù°¡ 23¸í (13.1%)Àº Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·áµµ ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´À¾´Ï´Ù. ¿©ÇÏÆ° °á°ú´Â ¸íÈ®Çß½À´Ï´Ù. "Median overall survival was 16¡¤6 months (95% CI 13¡¤7-19¡¤8) for patients assigned to chemotherapy alone and 14¡¤3 months (11¡¤8-16¡¤3) for those assigned to gastrectomy plus chemotherapy (hazard ratio 1¡¤09, 95% CI 0¡¤78-1¡¤52; one-sided p=0¡¤70)." °á·ÐÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. "Since gastrectomy followed by chemotherapy did not show any survival benefit compared with chemotherapy alone in advanced gastric cancer with a single non-curable factor, gastrectomy cannot be justified for treatment of patients with these tumours." ¾µ¸ð¾ø´Â ¼ö¼úÀº ÇÏÁö ¸»ÀÚ´Â °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

* ¼­¿ï´ë ¿Ü°ú ÀÌÇõÁØ ±³¼ö´Ô comments:

* ¾Æ»êº´¿ø ¿Ü°ú À¯¹®¿ø ±³¼ö´ÔÀº palliative surgery¿Í stentingÀÇ radomized trialÀ» ÇÏ°í Àִµ¥ ȯÀÚ enroll ÇϱⰡ ¸Å¿ì ¸Å¿ì ¾î·Æ´Ù°í ¸»¾¸Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. 1³â¿¡ ÇÑ ¸í enrollµµ ½±Áö ¾Ê´Ù°í Çϳ׿ä.


9. [Åä¿äÀÏ 8:20-9:50. Room C] Gastric NET

1) Management of gastric NET - ±è¹ü¼ö

´Ù¾çÇÑ ºÐ·ù°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Rindi, 2010-WHO µî

´Ù¾çÇÑ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ENETS (À¯·´), NANETs (North America) , Nordic, Canadian, Turkey, Brazil µî. Çѱ¹ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎÀÌ ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ½±½À´Ï´Ù.

¾Æ»êº´¿ø ÀڷḦ Á¤¸®ÇÏ¿© ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ ÀڷḦ ¼Ò°³ÇØ Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù
- Typical carcinoids and neuroendocrine carcinomas of the stomach: differing clinical courses and prognoses. Kim BS. Am J Surg 2010
- Prognostic significance of neuroendocrine components in gastric carcinomas. Kim BS. Eur J Cancer 2014
- Prognostic significance of neuroendocrine components in gastric carcinomas. Kim BS. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015
- Comparison of the prognostic values of the 2010 WHO classification, AJCC 7th edition, and ENETS classification of gastric neuroendocrine tumors. Kim BS. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016

* Floor¿¡¼­ ¹èÀç¹® ±³¼ö´Ô²²¼­ lymph node dissection¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áú¹®À» Çϼ̰í, ±è¹ü¼ö ¼±»ý´Ô²²¼­´Â "Advanced type grade I-2 and all grade 3¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â D-2 dissectionÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù"°í ´äÇϼ̽À´Ï´Ù.

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY À§ ½Å°æ³»ºÐºñÁ¾¾ç


2) Pathologic findings of gastric NET - Á¶¹Ì¿¬

Atrophic gastritis¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ECL cell hyperplasia°¡ dysplasia·Î µÇ±â À§Çؼ­´Â ¸î °¡Áö Ãß°¡ÀûÀÎ º¯È­°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Atrophic gastritis¿¡ ÀÛÀº neuroendocrine noduleÀ» ¸¸µé¾úÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â ±× Å©±â¿¡ µû¶ó hyperplasia¿Í dysplasia·Î Á¤ÀÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Poorly-differentiated NEC¿Í NET G3´Â ºñ½ÁÇØ º¸ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Differentiation (well differentiated vs. poorly differentiated)°ú grading (G1, G2, G3)Àº ¾î¶² °ü°è°¡ ÀÖÀ»±î¿ä?

Ki-67°ú mitosis´Â ¾î¶² »ó°ü°ü°è°¡ ÀÖÀ»±î¿ä? µÑ ´Ù Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀϹÝÀûÀÌÁö¸¸, Ki-67 labeling index °Ë»ç¹ý ÀÚü¿¡ »ó´çÇÑ limitationÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â digital image analyzerÀÇ µµ¿òÀ» ¹ÞÀ¸¸é °Ë»çÀÇ ¼ºÀûÀ» Çâ»ó½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. NET¿¡¼­´Â mitosis ÃøÁ¤ÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ¾î·Æ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ÆÁÖ ÂªÀº ½Ã°£¿¡ cell cycle¿¡¼­ escape¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î NET¿¡¼­´Â Ki-67ÀÌ Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹Ý¸é GIST¿¡¼­´Â mitosis°¡ Áß¿äÇÏ°í Ki-67Àº routineÇÏ°Ô ÃøÁ¤ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

G3 NENs¿¡´Â NET G3 (¼¼Æ÷Çü: well differentiated) ¿Í NEC (¼¼Æ÷Çü: poorly differentiated)°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

G3 NENs¿¡´Â ¼ÓÇÏ´Â NET G3¿Í NEC´Â ¿¹ÈÄ°¡ ´Ù¸£´Ù´Â ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ ¿¬±¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

2010³â¿¡´Â G3¸¦ carcinoma·Î ºÐ·ùÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ well-differentiated NET Áß grade 3ÀÎ °æ¿ì´Â poorly differentiated¿Í È®¿¬È÷ ´Ù¸£´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁ³½À´Ï´Ù (ƯÈ÷ ÃéÀå¿¡¼­). µû¶ó¼­ 2017³â¿¡´Â well differentiated G3¸¦ NEC·Î ºÎ¸£Áö ¾Ê°í NET G3·Î ºÎ¸£µµ·Ï ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


3) Chemotherapy for gastric NET - ¿À¼º¿ë

Ä¡·á¹æ¹ý ¼±ÅÃÀ» À§Çؼ­´Â differentiation°ú resectability¸¦ °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Response rate°¡ survival°ú Á÷Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿¬°áµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ Æ¯ÀÌÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Ki-67 labeling index°¡ ³ôÀº ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ response rate´Â ³ôÁö¸¸ survivalÀº ³·¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

°á·Ð ½½¶óÀ̵忡¼­ "no indication for adjuvant treatment"°¡ ´Ù½Ã Çѹø °­Á¶µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¼­¿ï´ë ±èÇüÈ£ ±³¼ö´Ô²²¼­ "½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÏ°í Àִ°¡?" Áú¹®ÇÏ¿´À» ¶§, ¿¬ÀÚ´Â NECÀÇ °æ¿ì ±Ù°Å´Â °ÅÀÇ ¾øÁö¸¸ ½ÇÁ¦ ÀÓ»ó¿¡¼­´Â Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·á¸¦ ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ´ëºÎºÐÀ̶ó°í ´äÇß½À´Ï´Ù. °­ÀÇ ³»¿ë°ú ½ÇÁ¦ ÀÓ»ó¿¡¼­ÀÇ È¯ÀÚ Ä¡·á°¡ ´Ù¸£´Ù´Â °ÍÀº Å« ¹®Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿¬ÀÚµéÀº °­ÀÇ Áß ÀÌ Á¡À» Àß ¹àÇô¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC)´Â À§¾Ïº¸´Ù ³ª»Û °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ƯÈ÷ ¸²ÇÁÀý ÀüÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø °æ¿ì´Â ´ëºÎºÐ Ç×¾ÏÄ¡·á¸¦ ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

Gastric cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation¿¡¼­´Â ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡ Áú¹®ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Á¶¹Ì¿¬ ¼±»ý´Ô²²¼­´Â mixed typeÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ°¡ ¸íÈ®ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í poorly differentiated carcinoma´Â ¾î´Â °ÍÀ¸·Îµµ ºÐÈ­ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Neuroendocrine carcinoma component°¡ 30% ÀÌ»óÀÎ °æ¿ì mixed typeÀ¸·Î ºÐ·ùÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. À̺¸´Ù ´õ ÀûÀº °æ¿ì´Â ¾î¶² Àǹ̰¡ ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¸íÈ®ÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. 30% ¹Ì¸¸ÀÎ °æ¿ì´Â Åë»óÀÇ adenocarcinomaó·³ Ä¡·áµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â°Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.


10. [Åä¿äÀÏ 10:10-11:40. Room A] Bariatric and metabolic surgery

1) Update of metabolic surgery from the Asian viepoint - Kazunori Kasama

ÀϺ»¿¡¼­µµ metabolic surgery´Â ÁÖ·Î private clinic¿¡¼­ ÁøÇàµÇ´Â ¸ð¾çÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


2) Results for the onco-metabolic surgery - ±èÁ¾ÇÑ (°í·Á´ëÇб³)

´ç´¢¸¦ °¡Áø À§¾Ï ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ À§¾Ï ¼ö¼úÀ» Çϸ鼭 long limb bypass¸¦ ÇÔ²² ÇÏ¿© ¾Ïµµ Ä¡·áÇÏ°í ´ç´¢µµ Ä¡·áÇÏ´Â È¿°ú¸¦ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


3) Comparative study of non-reinforced staple line and reinforced staple line during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy - Hana Al Homoud (Äí¿þÀÌÆ®)

Äí¿þÀÌÆ®¿¡¼­ ž ¿À¸¸¿¡¼­ ÀǴ븦 ³ª¿À°í ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó °í·Á´ë ¾È¾Ïº´¿ø¿¡¼­ fellowship trainingÀ» ¹Þ°í ÇöÀç Äí¿þÀÌÆ®¿¡¼­ surgeonÀ¸·Î ÀÏÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¿©ÀÚ ¼±»ý´ÔÀ̼̽À´Ï´Ù.

ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ ¾Æ¶ø ±¹°¡¿¡¼­ ¸ðµç healthcare´Â °øÂ¥Àε¥ bariatric surgery¸¸Àº coverµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á¤ºÎ °ø¹«¿øµéÀÌ bariatric surgery´Â ¹Ì¿ë ¼ö¼ú·Î °£ÁÖÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í Äí¿þÀÌÆ®¿¡¼­´Â bariatric surgery°¡ ¸Å¿ì ÈçÇÏ°Ô ½ÃÇàµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


4) Korean prospective multicenter cohort study for morbid obesity: KOBESS (Korean OBESity treatment Study) trial - ÇãÀ±¼® (ÀÎÇÏ´ëÇб³)

º¸°Çº¹ÁöºÎ¿¡¼­´Â 2018³âºÎÅÍ ºñ¸¸ ¼ö¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¸Çè±Þ¿©¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÒ °èȹÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù (È®Á¤µÇÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ½).

KOBESS trial¿¡´Â 4°³ÀÇ substudy°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


11. [Åä¿äÀÏ 11:40-12:10. Room A] Presidential lecture - Where are we standing? Conclave for gastric cancer surgeons. ÃÖ½ÂÈ£ (¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³)

¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼­ À§¾Ï¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ (¼­¾çÀÇÇÐÀû) º¸°í´Â ¼¼ºê¶õ½º º´¿øÀÇ Dr. Ludlow°¡ ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

Çѱ¹ ÀüÀï µ¿¾È óÀ½À¸·Î À§¾Ï ¼ö¼úÀÌ ½ÃÇàµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾Æ½±°Ô official record´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.

1961³â¿¡ ¿¬¼¼´ë¿Í ¼­¿ï´ë¿¡¼­ À§¾Ï ¼ö¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã¹ º¸°í¸¦ ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.


12. [Selected posters]

1) Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. Jee Ye Seob (´Ü±¹´ëÇб³)

2) Early gastric cancer with lymphoid stroma (ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³)

3) Thoracoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (CHA university) - û¼Ò³â¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÈ ½Äµµ ±ÙÁ¾

4) Splenosis mimicking GIST (¿µ³²´ëÇб³)

5) IgG4-related disease mimicking GIST (°¡Å縯´ëÇб³)


13. Management of gastric adenoma/dysplasia (ÀÌÁØÇà °­ÀÇ)

PPT PDF 3.0M

Thank you chairman for your nice introduction. It¡¯s a great honor for me to talk in this wonderful meeting today.

When I talk about gastric adenoma or dysplasia, I always feel that there are similar limitations between dysplasia in the Barrett¡¯s esophagus, and gastric adenoma/dysplasia. I would quote some comments from doctor Spechler¡¯s review in 2005 on Barrett¡¯s dysplasia. Ideally, the management of a disorder is based on / an unequivocal diagnosis / a firm understanding of the natural history / and definitive data regarding the risks and benefits of the treatment options. Unfortunately, none of these prerequisite factors may be available to guide the management of patients with dysplasia in Barrett¡¯s esophagus. And I think the situation is exactly the same for gastric adenoma/dysplasia.

First of all, let¡¯s see whether we have unequivocal diagnosis.

What is dysplasia? There are many definitions, but dysplasia usually means an unequivocal neoplastic transformation of the epithelium.

Then, what is adenoma? This is a Korean pathology guideline. It says that ¡°In western countries, well demarcated elevated lesions are called as adenomas, and others as dysplasias. In eastern countries, not only elevated, but also flat/depressed lesions are called as adenomas.¡± Practically speaking, in Korea, gastric adenoma is the same meaning as gastric dysplasia.

These are two well-demarcated elevated type gastric adenomas.

This is a flat type gastric adenoma.

This is a depressed type adenoma with elevated margin.

Regenerating atypia can mimic gastric dysplasia and there is a significant overlap between them.

Conceptually, regenerating atypia is an inflammatory change, and dysplasia is a neoplastic change.

However, in clinical practice, it is not easy to discriminate between them.

This is an example. It is a huge benign gastric ulcer, which is a typical inflammatory change. But, initial pathology report was adenoma with low grade dysplasia.

The next issue is the inter-national variation in the pathological evaluation of gastric dysplasias. Historically, many grading systems have been proposed.

In Japan, group classification seems to be quite popular until now.

However, it is not easy to interpret the group classification into Vienna or other western classifications.

This is a very famous data showing western and Japanese pathologists have quite different point of view in the diagnosis of gastric dysplasias or early gastric cancers.

Korean pathologists and Japanese pathologists seem to have different criteria for gastric dysplasias and early gastric cancers. This issue is very complex and out of the scope of my presentation. But I want to tell you that we Korean endoscopists are treating a lot of patients with gastric adenomas, and some of them may be considered as well-differentiated gastric adenocarcinomas in Japan.

The third issue is inter-observer variation. This old man was referred with the histological diagnosis of adenoma with high grade dysplasia. When our in-house pathologist reviewed the outside biopsy slide, the diagnosis was changed into well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. Because of this kind of inter-observer variation, we always review the outside pathology slides before deciding initial treatment plan.

Let¡¯s move on to the second topic. Do we have a firm understanding of the natural history of gastric adenomas?

This is a typical understanding of the natural history of gastric dysplasia.

However, not all gastric adenomas progress into gastric cancers. In this case, there was no interval change as long as 8 years.

However, high grade dysplasias may progress into invasive carcinomas within quite short time interval.

When we perform endoscopic resection for gastric dysplasias, the final pathologic diagnosis can be changed into gastric cancers. So, it is not certain whether progression into gastric cancer in relatively short time interval means true disease progression or just under-evaluation due to small forceps biopsy specimen.

In this case, for example, pathology of the forceps biopsy was adenoma with low grade dysplasia. However, the final pathology of the ESD specimen was small well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma within lamina propria. So, what is important is not a progression of adenoma, but limitations of forceps biopsy.

One unique aspect of endoscopic treatment of gastric neoplasms in Korea is that the number of gastric adenomas are very high.

This slide shows how we are doing at my institution. Excluding palliative surgeries, we have endoscopically or surgically treated more than seventeen hundred gastric cancers in the year 2012. In this pie graph, you can see 263 adenomas with low grade or high grade dysplasia. All of them were treated endoscopically. Patients with small adenomas, which were treated by endoscopic ablation, were not included in this graph. So, endoscopic treatment of gastric adenoma is a huge workload for Korean endoscopists.

Practically speaking as an endoscopist, gastric neoplastic lesions can be divided into 6 groups, such as LGD, HGD, AI-EGC, EI-EGC, BEI-EGA and AGC. Diagnostic group classifications before the treatment can be changed after the treatment. The relationship is very complex. So the outcome analysis can be based on either pretreatment diagnostic groups or posttreatment diagnostic groups.

This flow diagram shows how we handled absolute indication early gastric cancers by the pretreatment diagnostic groups. This kind of analysis is more realistic. Among 355 early gastric cancers initially treated by ESD, 120 cases, this is 34 percent, belonged to the beyond absolute indication group. Ten percent of patients in the absolute indication group were initially treated by surgery, and you can see the reason in the box at the right hand-side corner. Suspicious lymphadenopathy is the most common reason for surgery. I think this kind of analysis based on the pretreatment diagnostic group has a lot of clinical meanings in the decision making among the treatment options.

We reviewed the discrepancy between pre-treatment diagnostic groups and post-treatment diagnostic groups in terms of histology, depth of invasion and absolute indications for ESD. As you can see in this slide, the rate of discrepancy is more than expected. When you see the cases with high grade dysplasia in the forceps biopsy, the rate of cancer in the final resected specimen is almost 34%.

Surgery was done before ESD era.

A majority of gastric adenomas is treated by ESD or EMR.

Adenoma with low grade dysplasia can be treated by either endoscopic resection or ablation. If there are some worrisome findings like central depression, or large size, endoscopic resection is usually done.

Doctors at Yonsei University reviewed the outcome of endoscopic resection for gastric adenomas with low grade dysplasia. They proposed that endoscopic resection is necessary for low grade dysplasias larger than 2 cm and don¡¯t have pale discoloration. So, endoscopic resection is not necessary for all low grade dysplasias.

Small, flat, and pale adenoma with low grade dysplasia is treated by ablation in my clinic.

Ladies and gentlemen, I¡¯d like to conclude my presentation by saying that adenomas with low grade dysplasia can be treated by either endoscopic ablation or resection depending on the clinical characteristics. Adenomas with high grade dysplasia should be resected due to the very high risk of cancer.

Thank you for your attention.


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[References]

1) À§¾ÏÇÐȸ ÇмúÇà»ç on-line Áß°è

© ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¹Ù¸¥³»½Ã°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÀÌÁØÇà. EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.